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Graubner T, Karttunen AJ, Kraus F. A Computational Study on Closed-Shell Molecular Hexafluorides MF 6 (M=S, Se, Te, Po, Xe, Rn, Cr, Mo, W, U) - Molecular Structure, Anharmonic Frequency Calculations, and Prediction of the NdF 6 Molecule. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200903. [PMID: 36688413 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical methods were used to study the molecular structure and anharmonic IR spectra of the experimentally known closed-shell molecular hexafluorides MF6 (M=S, Se, Te, Xe, Mo, W, U). First, the molecular structures and harmonic frequencies were investigated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with all-electron basis sets and explicitly considering the influence of spin-orbit coupling. Second, anharmonic frequencies and IR intensities were calculated with the CCSD(T) coupled cluster method and compared, where available, with IR spectra recorded by us. These comparisons showed satisfactory results. The anharmonic IR spectra provide means for identifying experimentally too little studied or unknown MF6 molecules with M=Cr, Po, Rn. To the best of our knowledge, we predict the NdF6 molecule for the first time and show it to be a true local minimum on the potential energy surface. We used intrinsic bond orbital (IBO) analyses to characterize the bonding situation in comparison with the UF6 molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Graubner
- Fluorchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Antti J Karttunen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, 00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Florian Kraus
- Fluorchemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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Paschoal DFS, Dos Santos HF. Predicting the structure and NMR coupling constant 1J( 129Xe- 19F) of XeF 6 using quantum mechanics methods. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:7240-7246. [PMID: 33876084 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06555b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The XeF6 molecule exists as a monomer in the gas phase and as the (XeF6)4 tetramer in solution. Herein we used distinct quantum mechanics methods to study the conformational equilibrium for the XeF6 monomer, which is represented mainly by Oh and C3v symmetric geometries, and for the (XeF6)4 structure found in condensate phases. The NMR 1J(129Xe-19F) coupling constant is predicted using our own NMR-DKH basis set, designed for NMR properties. The C3v conformer of XeF6 was stable only with HF, CCSD, and hybrid DFT functionals with at least 28% exact HF exchange. Increasing the % of HF exchange improves the description of the geometry and the Oh→C3v equilibrium. The BMK, BHandHLYP and LC-ωPBE functionals produce results in excellent agreement with experiments and high-level calculations for the XeF6 molecule. When it comes to the 1J(129Xe-19F) coupling constant, the (XeF6)4 structure must be considered. For that compound, BHandHLYP leads to the best structure, and BMK leads to the best coupling constant; therefore, the generalized protocol BMK/NMR-DKH//BHandHLYP/def2-SVP is recommended to study the XeF6 molecule in the gas phase and solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego F S Paschoal
- NQTCM: Núcleo de Química Teórica e Computacional de Macaé, Polo Ajuda, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ-Macaé, 27.971-525, Macaé, RJ, Brazil.
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Franzke YJ, Weigend F. NMR Shielding Tensors and Chemical Shifts in Scalar-Relativistic Local Exact Two-Component Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:1028-1043. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick J. Franzke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Florian Weigend
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Gawrilow M, Beckers H, Riedel S, Cheng L. Matrix-Isolation and Quantum-Chemical Analysis of the C 3v Conformer of XeF 6, XeOF 4, and Their Acetonitrile Adducts. J Phys Chem A 2017; 122:119-129. [PMID: 29220184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A joint experimental-computational study of the molecular structure and vibrational spectra of the XeF6 molecule is reported. The vibrational frequencies, intensities, and in particular the isotopic frequency shifts of the vibrational spectra for 129XeF6 and 136XeF6 isotopologues recorded in the neon matrix agree very well with those obtained from relativistic coupled-cluster calculations for XeF6 in the C3v structure, thereby strongly supporting the observation of the C3v conformer of the XeF6 molecule in the neon matrix. A C3v transition state connecting the C3v and Oh local minima is located computationally. The calculated barrier of 220 cm-1 between the C3v minima and the transition state corroborates the experimental observation of the C3v conformer and the absence of the Oh conformer in solid noble gas matrices. For comparison matrix-isolation spectra have also been recorded and analyzed for the 129XeOF4 and the 136XeOF4 isotopologues. The matrix-isolation complexation shifts obtained for the XeF6·NCCH3 relative to those of free matrix isolated XeF6 and CH3CN are in good agreement with those reported for crystalline XeF6·NCCH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Gawrilow
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Beckers
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Riedel
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin , Fabeckstr. 34-36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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Haner J, Matsumoto K, Mercier HPA, Schrobilgen GJ. Nature of the XeVI
−N Bonds in F6
XeNCCH3
and F6
Xe(NCCH3
)2
and the Stereochemical Activity of Their Xenon Valence Electron Lone Pairs. Chemistry 2016; 22:4833-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Haner
- Department of Chemistry; McMaster University; Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Kazuhiko Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry; McMaster University; Hamilton ON L8S 4M1 Canada
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Cheng L, Gauss J, Stanton JF. Relativistic coupled-cluster calculations on XeF6: Delicate interplay between electron-correlation and basis-set effects. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:224309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4922112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Jürgen Gauss
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Mainz, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - John F. Stanton
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Nabiev SS, Sokolov VB, Chaivanov BB. Molecular and crystal structures of noble gas compounds. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cheng L, Gauss J, Stanton JF. Treatment of scalar-relativistic effects on nuclear magnetic shieldings using a spin-free exact-two-component approach. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:054105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4816130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Pu Z, Li QS, Xie Y, Schaefer HF. Hypervalent molecules, sulfuranes, and persulfuranes: review and studies related to the recent synthesis of the first persulfurane with all substituents carbon-linked. Theor Chem Acc 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-009-0621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Quantum chemical density functional theory calculations have been carried out for octahedral XeF6 and SF6 at the BP86/TZ2P level with relativistic effects included by the ZORA approximation. The energy decomposition analysis of XeF6 and SF6 using neutral and charged fragments EF5 + F and EF5+ + F− as well as E + F6 and E6+ + F66− indicates that the dominant E–F orbital interactions take place between σ-orbitals which have t1u symmetry in the octahedral point group. The contribution of the a1g orbitals is negligible in the 16 valence electron compound XeF6. The a1g contribution becomes larger in the 14 valence electron species SF6 but it is less important than the t1u term. The bonding between the neutral species comes mainly from covalent (orbital) interactions but the quasiclassical electrostatic attraction significantly contributes to the attractive interactions. The bonding which comes from the ΔEorb term is compensated by the Pauli repulsion ΔEPauli. The sum of ΔEorb and ΔEPauli is repulsive for XeF6 and SF6, which would not be stable molecules without quasiclassical electrostatic attraction.
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Simón-Manso Y, Fuentealba P. On the location of the electron lone pair of XeF6 and related molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(03)00325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yu D, Chen Z. Structure and stability of XeF 6 isomers: density functional theory study and the maximum hardness principle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(00)00650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Nabiev SS. Raman study of molecular dynamics of inorganic fluoroxidizers in nonaqueous solutions: part 4. Xenon tetrafluoride and xenon hexafluoride in hydrogen fluoride. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2000; 56A:1589-1611. [PMID: 10907888 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(00)00214-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectra of XeF4 and XeF6 in the nonaqueous HF solutions at various concentrations and vibrational spectra of the [XeF5]+ cation in the solid state and in the HF solutions over a wide range of vibrational frequencies have been studied. The assignments of the observed vibrational bands of the [XeF5]+ cation and XeF6-HF system has been made. A number of associates or solvates being formed as a result of the donor-acceptor interaction between Lewis base and Lewis acid has been shown to exist alongside with ionized monomeric and polymeric modifications of XeF6 in the HF solution such as ([XeF5]+ F-)n (n = 1, 2, 4). The contours of the nu1(A1g) band of XeF4 with frequency 552 cm(-1) and bands of stretching modes of ([XeF5]+ F-)n (n = 1, 2, 4) with frequency in the range of 600-670 cm(-1) are analysed. The correlation functions of the vibrational and rotational relaxation as well as the corresponding characteristic time for these processes have been calculated. A conclusion has been driven at that it is vibrational dephasing that makes the major contribution to the formation of ([XeF5]+ F)4 and ([XeF5]+ F-)2 band contours, while in the case of [XeF5]+ F- and XeF4 the contributions of vibrational dephasing and rotational relaxation nearly coincide.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Nabiev
- Russian Research Centre, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow
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Han YK, Lee YS. Structures of RgFn (Rg = Xe, Rn, and Element 118. n = 2, 4.) Calculated by Two-component Spin−Orbit Methods. A Spin−Orbit Induced Isomer of (118)F4. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp983665k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Science, KAIST Taejon, 305-701, Korea
| | - Yoon Sup Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Science, KAIST Taejon, 305-701, Korea
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Holloway JH, Hope EG. Recent Advances in Noble-Gas Chemistry. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0898-8838(08)60149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Styszy?ski J, Cao X, Malli GL, Visscher L. Relativistic all-electron Dirac-Fock-Breit calculations on xenon fluorides (XeFn,n = 1, 2, 4, 6). J Comput Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-987x(19970415)18:5%3c601::aid-jcc1%3e3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Styszy?ski J, Cao X, Malli GL, Visscher L. Relativistic all-electron Dirac-Fock-Breit calculations on xenon fluorides (XeFn,n = 1, 2, 4, 6). J Comput Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-987x(19970415)18:5<601::aid-jcc1>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Kaupp M, van Wüllen C, Franke R, Schmitz F, Kutzelnigg W. The Structure of XeF6 and of Compounds Isoelectronic with It. A Challenge to Computational Chemistry and to the Qualitative Theory of the Chemical Bond. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9621556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kaupp
- Contribution from the Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany, and Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ch. van Wüllen
- Contribution from the Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany, and Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - R. Franke
- Contribution from the Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany, and Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - F. Schmitz
- Contribution from the Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany, and Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - W. Kutzelnigg
- Contribution from the Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany, and Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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