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Gans B, Lamarre N, Broquier M, Liévin J, Boyé-Péronne S. Experimental and ab initio characterization of HC3N+ vibronic structure. II. High-resolution VUV PFI-ZEKE spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:234309. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4972018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bérenger Gans
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS UMR 8214, University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Nicolas Lamarre
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS UMR 8214, University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Michel Broquier
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS UMR 8214, University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Centre Laser de l’Université Paris-Sud (CLUPS/LUMAT), University of Paris-Sud, CNRS, IOGS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jacques Liévin
- Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, CP 160/09, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Séverine Boyé-Péronne
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS UMR 8214, University of Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
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2
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ANUSURI BHARGAVA, KUMAR SANJAY. Ab initio adiabatic and quasidiabatic potential energy surfaces of H++ CN system. J CHEM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-015-1022-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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3
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Dai Z, Sun W, Wang J, Mo Y. The Renner-Teller effect in HCCCN(+)(X̃(2)Π) studied by zero-kinetic energy photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:054301. [PMID: 26254647 DOI: 10.1063/1.4927005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The spin-vibronic energy levels of the cyanoacetylene cation have been measured using the one-photon zero-kinetic energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopic method. All three degenerate vibrational modes showing vibronic coupling, i.e., Renner-Teller (RT) effect, have been observed. All the splitting spin-vibronic energy levels of the fundamental H-C≡C bending vibration (v5) have been determined. The spin-vibronic energy levels of the degenerate vibrational modes have also been calculated using a diabatic model in which the harmonic terms as well as all the second-order vibronic coupling terms are used. The theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data and are used to assign the ZEKE spectrum. It is found that the RT effects for the H-(CC)-CN bending (v7) and the C-C≡N bending (v6) vibrations are weak, whereas they are strong for the H-C≡C bending (v5) vibration. The cross-mode RT couplings between any of the two degenerate vibrations are strong. The spin-orbit resolved fundamental vibrational energy levels of the C≡N stretching (v2) and C-H stretching (v1) vibrations have also been observed. The spin-orbit energy splitting of the ground state has been determined for the first time as 43 ± 2 cm(-1), and the ionization energy of HCCCN is found to be 93 903.5 ± 2 cm(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyang Dai
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuxiang Mo
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Brorsen KR, Sirjoosingh A, Pak MV, Hammes-Schiffer S. Nuclear-electronic orbital reduced explicitly correlated Hartree-Fock approach: Restricted basis sets and open-shell systems. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:214108. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4921304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt R. Brorsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Andrew Sirjoosingh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Michael V. Pak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Sharon Hammes-Schiffer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Ave., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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León I, Yang Z, Wang LS. Probing the electronic structure and Au-C chemical bonding in AuC2(-) and AuC2 using high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:084303. [PMID: 24588165 DOI: 10.1063/1.4865978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and high-resolution PE imaging of AuC2(-) at a wide range of photon energies. The ground state of AuC2(-) is found to be linear (C∞v, (1)Σ(+)) with a …8π(4)4δ(4)17σ(2)9π(4)18σ(2) valence configuration. Detachments from all the five valence orbitals of the ground state of AuC2(-) are observed at 193 nm. High-resolution PE images are obtained in the energy range from 830 to 330 nm, revealing complicated vibronic structures from electron detachment of the 18σ, 9π, and 17σ orbitals. Detachment from the 18σ orbital results in the (2)Σ(+) ground state of neutral AuC2, which, however, is bent due to strong vibronic coupling with the nearby (2)Π state from detachment of a 9π electron. The (2)Σ(+)-(2)Π vibronic and spin-orbit coupling results in complicated vibronic structures for the (2)Σ(+) and (2)Π3/2 states with extensive bending excitations. The electron affinity of AuC2 is measured accurately to be 3.2192(7) eV with a ground state bending frequency of 195(6) cm(-1). The first excited state ((2)A') of AuC2, corresponding to the (2)Π3/2 state at the linear geometry, is only 0.0021 eV above the ground state ((2)A') and has a bending frequency of 207(6) cm(-1). The (2)Π1/2 state, 0.2291 eV above the ground state, is linear with little geometry change relative to the anion ground state. The detachment of the 17σ orbital also results in complicated vibronic structures, suggesting again a bent state due to possible vibronic coupling with the lower (2)Π state. The spectrum at 193 nm shows the presence of a minor species with less than 2% intensity relative to the ground state of AuC2(-). High-resolution data of the minor species reveal several vibrational progressions in the Au-C stretching mode, which are assigned to be from the metastable (3)Π2,1,0 spin-orbit excited states of AuC2(-) to the (2)Π3/2,1/2 spin-orbit states of neutral AuC2. The spin-orbit splittings of the (3)Π and (2)Π states are accurately measured at the linear geometry. The current study provides a wealth of electronic structure information about AuC2(-) and AuC2, which are ideal systems to investigate the strong Σ-Π and spin-orbit vibronic couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker León
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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6
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SIGNORELL R, MERKT F. General symmetry selection rules for the photoionization of polyatomic molecules. Mol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/002689797169745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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7
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Zhang S, Mo Y. Theoretical Study of the Jahn−Teller Effect in CH3CN+(X̃2E) and CD3CN+(X̃2E): Multimode Spin-Vibronic Energy Level Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:10947-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jp906557n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuxiang Mo
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Mishra S, Vallet V, Poluyanov LV, Domcke W. Calculation of the vibronic structure of the photodetachment spectra of CCCl- and CCBr-. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:164327. [PMID: 17092093 DOI: 10.1063/1.2363193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The vibronic structure of the closely spaced and strongly coupled X 2Sigma+ and A 2Pi states in the photodetachment spectra of CCCl- and CCBr- has been calculated by considering Sigma-Pi vibronic coupling together with spin-orbit coupling. The stretching modes are treated within the so-called linear-vibronic-coupling model. The vibronic and spin-orbit parameters have been determined by accurate ab initio electronic-structure calculations. While the nonrelativistic vibronic-coupling parameters are of approximately equal strength in CCCl and CCBr, the vibronic-coupling parameters of spin-orbit origin are found to be larger in the latter. The calculated photodetachment spectra of both systems are shown to exhibit a complicated vibronic structure due to strong Sigma-Pi vibronic coupling. The spectral envelopes of the calculated photodetachment spectra exhibit a double-hump reminiscent of strongly coupled Exe Jahn-Teller systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyashachi Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany.
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Yang J, Zhou C, Mo Y. The Jahn−Teller Effect in CH3CN+ (X̃2E) and CD3CN+ (X̃2E) Studied by Zero Kinetic Energy Photoelectron Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:9964-8. [PMID: 16838913 DOI: 10.1021/jp054366f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Jahn-Teller effect in CH(3)CN(+) (X(2)E) and CD(3)CN(+) (X(2)E) has been found experimentally by zero kinetic energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy using coherent extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation. The vibronic bands of CH(3)CN(+) (X(2)E) and CD(3)CN(+) (X(2)E) at about 4500 cm(-1) above the ground states have been recorded. The spectra consist mainly of the Jahn-Teller active C-C[triple bond]N bending (v(8)), the CN stretching (v(2)), the CH(3) (CD(3)) deforming (v(6)), and the C-C stretching (v(4)) vibronic excitations. The Jahn-Teller active vibronic bands (v(8)) have been assigned with a harmonic model including linear and quadratic Jahn-Teller coupling terms, taking into account only the single mode vibronic excitation. The ionization potentials of CH(3)CN and CD(3)CN have also been determined, and their values are 12.2040(+/-0.001) and 12.2286(+/-0.001) eV, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Physics and Key Laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Hirst DM. Ab initio potential energy surfaces for excited electronic states of the molecular ion HCN+. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2005; 7:1136-41. [PMID: 19791324 DOI: 10.1039/b417703g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Potential energy surfaces for the linear X2Pi, 2(2)Pi, A2Sigma+ , B2Sigma+, 3(2)Sigma+, 1(4)Pi and 1(4)Sigma+ states and for the bent B2Sigma+/3(2)A' state of HCN+ have been calculated by a multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI) method. The persistence of vibrational structure in the photoelectron spectrum of the B state above the experimental dissociation asymptote is interpreted in terms of a local maximum on the potential energy surface with respect to stretching the CH bond. The global minimum for this state has a bent geometry with a bond angle of 129 degrees. This is discussed in terms of an avoided intersection with the A' component of the 2(2)Pi state for bent geometries. The 3(2)Sigma+ surface is quasi-bound and it is suggested that a satellite state at 22.5 eV in the photoelectron spectrum of HCN is the 3(2)Sigma+ state. The predissociation of the B2Sigma+ state is discussed and it is suggested that this may occur via non-adiabatic transitions to the 1(4)Pi/1(4)A' surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hirst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK CV4 7AL
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11
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Rathbone GJ, Poliakoff ED, Bozek JD, Lucchese RR, Lin P. Mode-specific photoelectron scattering effects on CO2+(C 2Σg+) vibrations. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:612-22. [PMID: 15267895 DOI: 10.1063/1.1630303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using high-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy, we have determined the energy dependent vibrational branching ratios for the symmetric stretch [v+ = (100)], bend [v+ = (010)], and antisymmetric stretch [v+ = (001)], as well as several overtones and combination bands in the 4sigmag(-1) photoionization of CO2. Data were acquired over the range from 20-110 eV, and this wide spectral coverage highlighted that alternative vibrational modes exhibit contrasting behavior, even over a range usually considered to be dominated by atomic effects. Alternative vibrational modes exhibit qualitatively distinct energy dependences, and this contrasting mode-specific behavior underscores the point that vibrationally resolved measurements reflect the sensitivity of the electron scattering dynamics to well-defined changes in molecular geometry. In particular, such energy-dependent studies help to elucidate the mechanism(s) responsible for populating the symmetry forbidden vibrational levels [i.e., v+ =( 010), (001), (030), and (110)]. This is the first study in which vibrationally resolved data have been acquired as a function of energy for all of the vibrational modes of a polyatomic system. Theoretical Schwinger variational calculations are used to interpret the experimental data, and they indicate that a 4sigmag-->ksigmau shape resonance is responsible for most of the excursions observed for the vibrational branching ratios. Generally, the energy dependent trends are reproduced well by theory, but a notable exception is the symmetric stretch vibrational branching ratio. The calculated results display a strong peak in the vibrational branching ratio while the experimental data show a pronounced minimum. This suggests an interference mechanism that is not accounted for in the single-channel adiabatic-nuclei calculations. Electronic branching ratios were also measured and compared to the vibrational branching ratios to assess the relative contributions of interchannel (i.e., Herzberg-Teller) versus intrachannel (i.e., photoelectron-mediated) coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Rathbone
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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Tarroni R, Mitrushenkov A, Palmieri P, Carter S. Energy levels of HCN+ and DCN+ in the vibronically coupled X 2Π and A 2Σ+ states. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1414347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Farquar GR, Miller JS, Poliakoff ED, Wang K, McKoy V. Rotationally resolved photoionization: Influence of the 4σ→kσ shape resonance on CO+(B 2Σ+) rotational distributions. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1415463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Miller JS, Poliakoff ED. On the correlation between photoelectron energy and bending excitation in molecular photoionization. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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15
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Legon AC, Thumwood JMA, Waclawik ER. Rotational spectroscopy of H[sub 3]P⋯BrCl and the systematics of intermolecular electron transfer in the series B⋯BrCl, where B=CO, HCN, H[sub 2]O, C[sub 2]H[sub 2], C[sub 2]H[sub 4], H[sub 2]S, NH[sub 3], and PH[sub 3]. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1290031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Legon A. Angular and radial geometries, charge transfer and binding strength in isolated complexes B⋯ICl: some generalisations. Chem Phys Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(99)01146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Irikura KK. The Ionization Energy of CF3: When Does Entropy Matter in Gas-Phase Reactions? J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja991350s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl K. Irikura
- Contribution from the Physical and Chemical Properties Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8380
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18
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Eland J, Field T, Baltzer P, Hirst D. Photoelectron spectra, electronic structure, coincidence spectra and dissociation mechanisms of the hydrogen cyanide cation. Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(98)00036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Palm H, Merkt F. High resolution laser spectroscopy beyond 18 eV: the B2Σu+←X1Σg+ photoelectronic transition of N2. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(97)01444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Eland J, Baltzer P, Lundqvist M, Wannberg B, Karlsson L. Vibrational structure of the BrCN+ ion from high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy. Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(96)00197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Niu B, White MG. Geometry changes in molecular photoionization: The NH+3(X̃ 2A2″)←NH3(X 1A1) transition. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.471647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Milan JB, Buma WJ, de Lange CA. Zero‐kinetic‐energy pulsed‐field ionization spectroscopy of the a 1Δ state of SH+ (SD+). J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Wiedmann RT, White MG, Lefebvre‐Brion H, Cossart‐Magos C. Rotational analysis of the threshold photoelectron spectra of room temperature and jet‐cooled CO2. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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