1
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Lykhin AO, Truhlar DG, Gagliardi L. Role of Triplet States in the Photodynamics of Aniline. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5878-5889. [PMID: 33843225 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of excited heteroaromatic molecules is a key to understanding the photoprotective properties of many biologically relevant chromophores that dissipate their excitation energy nonreactively and thereby prevent the detrimental effects of ultraviolet radiation. Despite their structural variability, most substituted aromatic compounds share a common feature of a repulsive 1πσ* potential energy surface. This surface can lead to photoproducts, and it can also facilitate the population transfer back to the ground electronic state by means of a 1πσ*/S0 conical intersection. Here, we explore a hidden relaxation route involving the triplet electronic state of aniline, which has recently been discovered by means of time-selected photofragment translational spectroscopy [J. Chem. Phys. 2019, 151, 141101]. By using the recently available analytical gradients for multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory, it is now possible to locate the minimum-energy crossing points between states of different spin and therefore compute the intersystem crossing rates with a multireference method, rather than with the less reliable single-reference methods. Using such calculations, we demonstrate that the population loss of aniline in the T1(3ππ*) state is dominated by C6H5NH2 → C6H5NH· + H· dissociation, and we explain the long nonradiative lifetimes of the T1(3ππ*) state at the excitation wavelengths of 294-264 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr O Lykhin
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The James Franck Institute and Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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2
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Yamada Y, Goto Y, Fukuda Y, Ohba H, Nibu Y. Excited-State Dynamics Affected by Switching of a Hydrogen-Bond Network in Hydrated Aminopyrazine Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:9963-9972. [PMID: 33206526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c08808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cluster structures of hydrated aminopyrazines, APz-(H2O)n=2-4, in supersonic jets have been investigated measuring the size-selected electronic and vibrational spectra and determined with the aid of quantum chemical calculations. The APz-(H2O)2 structure is assigned as a cyclic N1 type where a homodromic hydrogen-bond chain starts from the amino group and ends at the 1-position nitrogen atom of the pyrazine moiety, corresponding to 2-aminopyridine-(H2O)2. On the other hand, APz-(H2O)n=3,4 has a linear hydrogen-bond network ending at the 4-position one (N4), which resembles 3-aminopyridine-(H2O)n=3,4. The hydrogen-bond network switching from the N1 type to the N4 one provides the accompanying red shifts of the S1-S0 electronic transition that are entirely consistent with those of the corresponding 2-aminopyridine and 3-aminopyridine clusters and also shows the drastically strengthened fluorescence intensity of origin bands in the electronic spectrum. The significant change in the excited-state dynamics is explored by the fluorescence lifetime measurement and the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculation. It is suggested that the drastic elongation of fluorescence lifetimes is due to the change in the electronic structure of the first excited state from nπ* to ππ*, resulting in the decreasing spin-orbit coupling to T1 (ππ*).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yuji Goto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yuki Fukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hiroumi Ohba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Nibu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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3
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Jhang WR, Lai HY, Lin YC, Lee C, Lee SH, Lee YY, Ni CK, Tseng CM. Triplet vs πσ* state mediated N–H dissociation of aniline. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:141101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5121350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ru Jhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Ying Lai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Cheng Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chin Lee
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Yu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Tseng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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4
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Cole-Filipiak NC, Stavros VG. New insights into the dissociation dynamics of methylated anilines. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:14394-14406. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07061j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Combined time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and photofragment imaging supports a possible valence-to-Rydberg decay mechanism in methylated anilines.
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5
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Ling F, Wang Y, Li S, Wei J, Tang Y, Zhang B. Imaging Reversible and Irreversible Structural Evolution in Photoexcited 2,4-Difluoroaniline. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5468-5473. [PMID: 30165741 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate the capability of femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron imaging to visualize the reversible and irreversible structural evolution in electronically excited 2,4-difluoroaniline. As a coherent superposition of out-of-plane vibrational motions is created following 299.8 nm excitation, the molecular geometry alters periodically, thus modulating the photoionization channel. The reversible nuclear motion between distinct geometries is directly observed as the reverse beats in the time-dependent photoelectron spectra. Moreover, with the molecule highly vibrationally excited at 289.0 nm, the exponential decrease/increase changes in photoelectron signal provide a physically intuitive and complete picture of the irreversible geometry rearrangement away from a nonplanar geometry in the vertical Franck-Condon region toward the planar minimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengzi Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ying Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics , Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Wuhan 430071 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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6
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Ling F, Li S, Wei J, Liu K, Wang Y, Zhang B. Unraveling the electronic relaxation dynamics in photoexcited 2,4-difluoroaniline via femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron imaging. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:144311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5024255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fengzi Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Penfold TJ, Gindensperger E, Daniel C, Marian CM. Spin-Vibronic Mechanism for Intersystem Crossing. Chem Rev 2018; 118:6975-7025. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Penfold
- Chemistry - School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon-Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Etienne Gindensperger
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie UMR-7177, CNRS - Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal 67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Chantal Daniel
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie UMR-7177, CNRS - Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal 67008 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christel M. Marian
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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8
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Qu Z, Qin Z, Zheng X, Wang H, Yao G, Zhang X, Cui Z. Slow-electron velocity-map imaging study of aniline via resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization method. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 173:432-438. [PMID: 27705848 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Slow electron velocity-map imaging (SEVI) of aniline has been investigated via two-color resonant-enhanced two-photo (1+1') ionization (2C-R2PI) method. A number of vibrational frequencies in the first excited state of neutral (S1) and 2B1 ground electronic state of cation (D0) have been accurately determined. In addition, photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) in the two-step transitions are presented and reveal a near threshold shape resonance in the ionization of aniline. The SEVI spectra taken via various S1 intermediate states provide the detailed vibrational structures of D0 state and directly deduce the accurate adiabatic ionization potential (IP) of 62,271±6cm-1. Ab initio calculations excellently reproduce the experimental IP value (Theo. 62,242cm-1). For most vibrational modes, good agreement between theoretical and experimental frequencies in the S0 and D0 states of aniline is obtained to aid us to clearly assign vibrational modes. Especially, the vibrational frequencies calculated at the CASSCF level are much better consistent with experimental data than that obtained using the TDDFT and CIS methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Qu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Zhengbo Qin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
| | - Xianfeng Zheng
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Guanxin Yao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Xianyi Zhang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Zhifeng Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
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9
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Broquier M, Soorkia S, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C, Theulé P, Grégoire G. Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer in Protonated Amino Pyridine. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3797-809. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b03510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Broquier
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ.
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Centre
Laser de l’Université Paris-Sud (CLUPS/LUMAT), Univ.
Paris-Sud, CNRS, IOGS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Satchin Soorkia
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ.
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Claude Dedonder-Lardeux
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille
Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue
Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Christophe Jouvet
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille
Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue
Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Patrice Theulé
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille
Université, PIIM UMR 7365, Avenue
Escadrille Normandie-Niémen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - Gilles Grégoire
- Institut
des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Univ.
Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
- Centre
Laser de l’Université Paris-Sud (CLUPS/LUMAT), Univ.
Paris-Sud, CNRS, IOGS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
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10
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Qiu X, Long J, Liu Z, Zhang B. Direct imaging of the ultrafast internal conversion in isolated piperidine. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Zawadzki MM, Candelaresi M, Saalbach L, Crane SW, Paterson MJ, Townsend D. Observation of multi-channel non-adiabatic dynamics in aniline derivatives using time-resolved photoelectron imaging. Faraday Discuss 2016; 194:185-208. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00092d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present results from a recent time-resolved photoelectron imaging (TRPEI) study investigating the non-adiabatic relaxation dynamics of N,N-dimethylaniline (N,N-DMA) and 3,5-dimethylaniline (3,5-DMA) following excitation at 240 nm. Analysis of the experimental data is supported by ab initio coupled-cluster calculations evaluating excited state energies and the evolution of several excited state physical properties as a function of N–H/N–CH3 bond extension – a critical reaction coordinate. The use of site-selective methylation brings considerable new insight to the existing body of literature concerning photochemical dynamics in the related system aniline at similar excitation wavelengths. The present work also builds on our own previous investigations in the same species at 250 nm. The TRPEI method provides highly differential energy- and angle-resolved data and, in particular, the temporal evolution of the photoelectron angular distributions afforded by the imaging approach offers much of the new dynamical information. In particular, we see no clear evidence of the second excited 2ππ* state non-adiabatically coupling to the lower-lying S1(ππ*) state or the mixed Rydberg/valence S2(3s/πσ*) state. This, in turn, potentially raises some unresolved questions about the overall nature of the dynamics operating in these systems, especially in regard to the 2ππ* state's ultimate fate. More generally, the findings for the aromatic systems N,N-DMA and 3,5-DMA, taken along with our recent TRPEI results for several aliphatic amine species, highlight interesting questions about the nature of electronic character evolution in mixed Rydberg-valence states as a function of certain key bond extensions and the extent of system conjugation. We begin exploring these ideas computationally for a systematically varied series of tertiary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Candelaresi
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences
- Heriot-Watt University
- Edinburgh
- UK
| | - Lisa Saalbach
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences
- Heriot-Watt University
- Edinburgh
- UK
| | - Stuart W. Crane
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences
- Heriot-Watt University
- Edinburgh
- UK
| | | | - Dave Townsend
- Institute of Photonics & Quantum Sciences
- Heriot-Watt University
- Edinburgh
- UK
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
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12
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Thompson JOF, Saalbach L, Crane SW, Paterson MJ, Townsend D. Ultraviolet relaxation dynamics of aniline,N,N-dimethylaniline and 3,5-dimethylaniline at 250 nm. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:114309. [PMID: 25796251 DOI: 10.1063/1.4914330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron imaging was used to investigate the electronic relaxation dynamics of gas-phase aniline, N, N-dimethylaniline, and 3,5-dimethylaniline following ultraviolet excitation at 250 nm. Our analysis was supported by ab initio coupled-cluster calculations evaluating excited state energies and (in aniline) the evolution of a range of excited state physical properties as a function of N-H bond extension. Due to a lack of consistency between several earlier studies undertaken in aniline, the specific aim of this present work was to gain new insight into the previously proposed non-adiabatic coupling interaction between the two lowest lying singlet excited states S1(ππ(∗)) and S2(3s/πσ(∗)). The methyl-substituted systems N, N-dimethylaniline and 3,5-dimethylaniline were included in order to obtain more detailed dynamical information about the key internal molecular coordinates that drive the S1(ππ(∗))/S2(3s/πσ(∗)) coupling mechanism. Our findings suggest that in all three systems, both electronic states are directly populated during the initial excitation, with the S2(3s/πσ(∗)) state then potentially decaying via either direct dissociation along the N-X stretching coordinate (X = H or CH3) or internal conversion to the S1(ππ(∗)) state. In aniline and N, N-dimethylaniline, both pathways most likely compete in the depletion of S2(3s/πσ(∗)) state population. However, in 3,5-dimethylaniline, only the direct dissociation mechanism appears to be active. This is rationalized in terms of changes in the relative rates of the two decay pathways upon methylation of the aromatic ring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O. F. Thompson
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa Saalbach
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart W. Crane
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J. Paterson
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Dave Townsend
- Institute of Photonics and Quantum Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
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13
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Kirkby OM, Sala M, Balerdi G, de Nalda R, Bañares L, Guérin S, Fielding HH. Comparing the electronic relaxation dynamics of aniline and d7-aniline following excitation at 272–238 nm. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:16270-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01883h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Femtosecond studies of electronic relaxation in aniline reveal evidence for a 3-state conical intersection and show that tunnelling is unimportant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M. Kirkby
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London WC1H 0AJ
- UK
| | - Matthieu Sala
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne UMR 6303 CNRS
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- F-21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
| | - Garikoitz Balerdi
- Departamento de Química Física I (Unidad Asociada I + D + i al CSIC)
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | | | - Luis Bañares
- Departamento de Química Física I (Unidad Asociada I + D + i al CSIC)
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- 28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Stéphane Guérin
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne UMR 6303 CNRS
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté
- F-21078 Dijon Cedex
- France
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14
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Shivatare VS, Kundu A, Patwari GN, Tzeng WB. Studies of Structural Isomers o-, m-, and p-Fluorophenylacetylene by Two-Color Resonant Two-Photon Mass-Analyzed Threshold Ionization Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8277-86. [DOI: 10.1021/jp501059c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vidya S. Shivatare
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, 1 Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Taiwan
International Graduate Program, Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University and Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Aniket Kundu
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - G. Naresh Patwari
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, India
| | - Wen Bih Tzeng
- Institute
of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, 1 Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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15
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Sala M, Kirkby OM, Guérin S, Fielding HH. New insight into the potential energy landscape and relaxation pathways of photoexcited aniline from CASSCF and XMCQDPT2 electronic structure calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:3122-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54418d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
New insight into the nonadiabatic relaxation dynamics of aniline following excitation to its first three singlet excited states, 11ππ*, 11π3s/πσ* and 21ππ*.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Sala
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne UMR 5209 CNRS
- Université de Bourgogne
- F-21078 Dijon, France
| | - Oliver M. Kirkby
- Department of Chemistry
- University College London
- London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Stéphane Guérin
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne UMR 5209 CNRS
- Université de Bourgogne
- F-21078 Dijon, France
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16
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17
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Chai S, Yu J, Han YC, Cong SL. Multiple hydrogen bonding in excited states of aminopyrazine in methanol solution: time-dependent density functional theory study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 115:39-44. [PMID: 23831976 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aminopyrazine (AP) and AP-methanol complexes have been theoretically studied by using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The excited-state hydrogen bonds are discussed in detail. In the ground state the intermolecular multiple hydrogen bonds can be formed between AP molecule and protic solvents. The AP monomer and hydrogen-bonded complex of AP with one methanol are photoexcited initially to the S2 state, and then transferred to the S1 state via internal conversion. However the complex of AP with two methanol molecules is directly excited to the S1 state. From the calculated electronic excited energies and simulated absorption spectra, we find that the intermolecular hydrogen bonds are strengthened in the electronic excited states. The strengthening is confirmed by the optimized excited-state geometries. The photochemical processes in the electronic excited states are significantly influenced by the excited-state hydrogen bond strengthening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chai
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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18
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Thompson JOF, Livingstone RA, Townsend D. Following the relaxation dynamics of photoexcited aniline in the 273-266 nm region using time-resolved photoelectron imaging. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:034316. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4813005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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19
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Spesyvtsev R, Kirkby OM, Fielding HH. Ultrafast dynamics of aniline following 269-238 nm excitation and the role of the S2(pi3s/pi sigma) state. Faraday Discuss 2013; 157:165-79; discussion 243-84. [PMID: 23230768 DOI: 10.1039/c2fd20076g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron imaging is employed to investigate ultrafast electronic relaxation in aniline, a prototypical aromatic amine. The molecule is excited at wavelengths between 269 and 238 nm. We observe that the S2(pi3s/pi sigma*) state is populated directly during the excitation process at all wavelengths and that the population bifurcates to two decay pathways. One of these involves ultrafast relaxation from the Rydberg component of S2(pi3s/pi sigma*) to the S1(Pi Pi)* state, from which it relaxes back to the electronic ground state on a much longer timescale. The other appears to involve motion along the pi sigma* dissociative potential energy surface. At higher excitation energies, the dominant excitation is to the S3(pi pi*) state, which undergoes extremely efficient electronic relaxation back to the ground state. Our study supports some conclusions reached from H-atom photofragment translational spectroscopy measurements and pump-probe photoionization measurements and contradicts some others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Spesyvtsev
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0 AJ, UK
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20
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Spesyvtsev R, Kirkby OM, Vacher M, Fielding HH. Shedding new light on the role of the Rydberg state in the photochemistry of aniline. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:9942-7. [PMID: 22710758 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41785e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient electronic relaxation following the absorption of ultraviolet light is crucial for the photostability of biological chromophores, so understanding the microscopic details of the decay pathways is of considerable interest. Here, we employ femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron imaging to investigate the ultrafast intramolecular dynamics of aniline, a prototypical aromatic amine, following excitation just below the second absorption maximum. We find that both the second ππ* state and the Rydberg state are populated during the excitation process. Surprisingly, the dominant non-radiative decay pathway is an ultrafast relaxation mechanism that transfers population straight back to the electronic ground-state. The vibrational energy resolution and photoelectron angular distributions obtained in our experiments reveal an interesting bifurcation of the Rydberg population to two non-radiative decay channels. The existence of these competing non-radiative relaxation channels in aniline illustrates how its photostability arises from a subtle balance between dynamics on different electronically excited states and importantly between Rydberg and valence states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Spesyvtsev
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, UK WC1H 0AJ
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21
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Minitti MP, Zhang Y, Rosenberg M, Brogaard RY, Deb S, Sølling TI, Weber PM. Far-UV photochemical bond cleavage of n-amyl nitrite: bypassing a repulsive surface. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:810-9. [PMID: 22175717 DOI: 10.1021/jp209727g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the deep-UV photoinduced, homolytic bond cleavage of amyl nitrite to form NO and pentoxy radicals. One-color multiphoton ionization with ultrashort laser pulses through the S(2) state resonance gives rise to photoelectron spectra that reflect ionization from the S(1) state. Time-resolved pump-probe photoionization measurements show that upon excitation at 207 nm, the generation of NO in the v = 2 state is delayed, with a rise time of 283 (16) fs. The time-resolved mass spectrum shows the NO to be expelled with a kinetic energy of 1.0 eV, which is consistent with dissociation on the S(1) state potential energy surface. Combined, these observations show that the first step of the dissociation reaction involves an internal conversion from the S(2) to the S(1) state, which is followed by the ejection of the NO radical on the predissociative S(1) state potential energy surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Minitti
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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22
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Brogaard RY, Schalk O, Boguslavskiy AE, Enright GD, Hopf H, Raev V, Tarcoveanu E, Sølling TI, Stolow A. The Paternò–Büchi reaction: importance of triplet states in the excited-state reaction pathway. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:8572-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40819h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Wu G, Hockett P, Stolow A. Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy: from wavepackets to observables. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:18447-67. [PMID: 21947027 DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22031d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) is a powerful tool for the study of intramolecular dynamics, particularly excited state non-adiabatic dynamics in polyatomic molecules. Depending on the problem at hand, different levels of TRPES measurements can be performed: time-resolved photoelectron yield; time- and energy-resolved photoelectron yield; time-, energy-, and angle-resolved photoelectron yield. In this pedagogical overview, a conceptual framework for time-resolved photoionization measurements is presented, together with discussion of relevant theory for the different aspects of TRPES. Simple models are used to illustrate the theory, and key concepts are further amplified by experimental examples. These examples are chosen to show the application of TRPES to the investigation of a range of problems in the excited state dynamics of molecules: from the simplest vibrational wavepacket on a single potential energy surface; to disentangling intrinsically coupled electronic and nuclear motions; to identifying the electronic character of the intermediate states involved in non-adiabatic dynamics by angle-resolved measurements in the molecular frame, the most complete measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Wu
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
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24
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Brogaard RY, Boguslavskiy AE, Schalk O, Enright GD, Hopf H, Raev VA, Jones PG, Thomsen DL, Sølling TI, Stolow A. Pseudo-Bimolecular [2+2] Cycloaddition Studied by Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2011; 17:3922-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Y Brogaard
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council (Canada), Ottawa, ON, Canada
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25
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Stolow A. Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy: Non-adiabatic dynamics in polyatomic molecules. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235031000092448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stolow
- a Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences , National Research Council of Canada , 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa , Ontario , K1A 0R6 , Canada
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26
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Minns RS, Parker DSN, Penfold TJ, Worth GA, Fielding HH. Competing ultrafast intersystem crossing and internal conversion in the “channel 3” region of benzene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:15607-15. [DOI: 10.1039/c001671c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Nunn ADG, Minns RS, Spesyvtsev R, Bearpark MJ, Robb MA, Fielding HH. Ultrafast dynamics through conical intersections and intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution in styrene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:15751-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01723j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Chai S, Zhao GJ, Song P, Yang SQ, Liu JY, Han KL. Reconsideration of the excited-state double proton transfer (ESDPT) in 2-aminopyridine/acid systems: role of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding in excited states. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2009; 11:4385-90. [PMID: 19458842 DOI: 10.1039/b816589k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, 116023, China
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29
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Abstract
Experiments are reviewed in which key problems in chemical dynamics are probed by experiments based on photodetachment and/or photoexcitation of negative ions. Examples include transition state spectroscopy of biomolecular reactions, spectroscopy of open shell van der Waals complexes, photodissociation of free radicals, and time-resolved dynamics in clusters. The experimental methods used in these investigations are described along with representative systems that have been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry,University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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30
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Kuthirummal N, Rudakov FM, Evans CL, Weber PM. Spectroscopy and femtosecond dynamics of the ring opening reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:133307. [PMID: 17029460 DOI: 10.1063/1.2345203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The early stages of the ring opening reaction of 1,3-cyclohexadiene to form its isomer 1,3,5-hexatriene, upon excitation to the ultrashort-lived 1 1B2 state, were explored. A series of one-color two-photon ionization/photoelectron spectra reveal a prominent vibrational progression with a frequency of 1350 cm(-1), which is interpreted in a dynamical picture as resulting from the ultrafast wave packet dynamics associated with the ring opening reaction. Photoionization in two-color three-photon and one-color four-photon ionization schemes show an ionization pathway via the same ultrashort-lived 1 1B2 state, and in addition, a series of Rydberg states with quantum defects of 0.93, 0.76, and 0.15, respectively. Using those Rydberg states as probes for the reaction dynamics in a time-resolved pump-probe experiment provides a direct observation of the elusive 2 1A1 state that has been implicated as an intermediate step between the initially excited 1 1B2 state and the ground electronic state. The rise and decay times for the 2 1A1 state were found to be 55 and 84 fs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Kuthirummal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina 29424, USA
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31
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Excited state prototropism in 2-aminonicotinic acid: effect of solvents and acid–base concentrations. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Nayak MK, Dogra SK. Spectral characteristics of methyl 2-aminonicotinate: effect of solvents and acid–base concentrations. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2004.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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The effects of changes in the electronic environment of the 2-aminopyridine–argon van der Waals complex. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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34
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Nayak MK, Dogra SK. Solvatochromism and prototropism in methyl 6-aminonicotinate: failure to observe amine-imine phototautomerism in solvents. J Mol Struct 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2004.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stolow
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6 Canada.
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36
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He Y, Wu C, Kong W. Resonantly enhanced two photon ionization and zero kinetic energy spectroscopy of jet-cooled 4-aminopyridine. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:7497-504. [PMID: 15267662 DOI: 10.1063/1.1687673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report studies of supersonically cooled 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) using two-color resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) and two-color zero kinetic energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy. With the aid of ab initio and density functional calculations, vibrational modes of the first electronically excited state (S1) of the neutral species and those of the cation have been assigned, and the adiabatic ionization potential has been determined to be 62291+/-6 cm(-1). The REMPI spectrum of the S1 state is dominated by ring deformation modes and the inversion mode of the amino group, while the ZEKE spectra demonstrate a strong propensity of Deltav=0, where v is the vibrational quantum number of the intermediate vibronic state from S1. In addition, the ZEKE spectra obtained via different vibrational levels of the S1 state contain four common features, corresponding to the activation of four different vibrational modes of the cation. These observations are explained in terms of the structural changes from the ground state to S1 and further to the cation. The vibrational mode distributions in both the REMPI and the ZEKE spectra, the excitation energy of the S1 state, and the ionization potential of 4-AP, are remarkably similar to those of aniline, suggesting that the electronic activity is centered on the ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang He
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331-4003, USA
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37
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Abstract
To predict the branching between energetically allowed product channels, chemists often rely on statistical transition state theories or exact quantum scattering calculations on a single adiabatic potential energy surface. The potential energy surface gives the energetic barriers to each chemical reaction and allows prediction of the reaction rates. Yet, chemical reactions evolve on a single potential energy surface only if, in simple terms, the electronic wavefunction can evolve from the reactant electronic configuration to the product electronic configuration on a time scale that is fast compared to the nuclear dynamics through the transition state. The experiments reviewed here investigate how the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation at a barrier along an adiabatic reaction coordinate can alter the dynamics of and the expected branching between molecular dissociation pathways. The work reviewed focuses on three questions that have come to the forefront with recent theory and experiments: Which classes of chemical reactions evidence dramatic nonadiabatic behavior that influences the branching between energetically allowed reaction pathways? How do the intramolecular distance and orientation between the electronic orbitals involved influence the nonadiabaticity in the reaction? How can the detailed nuclear dynamics mediate the effective nonadiabatic coupling encountered in a chemical reaction?
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Butler
- Department of Chemistry and The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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38
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ter Steege DHA, Buma WJ. Spectroscopy and dynamics of excited states in maleimide and N-methyl maleimide: Ionic projection and ab initio calculations. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1574803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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39
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Suzuki YI, Stener M, Seideman T. Multidimensional calculation of time-resolved photoelectron angular distributions: The internal conversion dynamics of pyrazine. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1536981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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40
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Abstract
Femtosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy is emerging as a useful technique for investigating excited state dynamics in isolated polyatomic molecules. The sensitivity of photoelectron spectroscopy to both electronic configurations and vibrational dynamics makes it well suited to the study of ultrafast nonadiabatic processes. We review the conceptual interpretation of wavepacket dynamics experiments, emphasizing the role of the final state. We discuss the advantages of the molecular ionization continuum as the final state in polyatomic wavepacket experiments and show how the electronic structure of the continuum can be used to disentangle electronic from vibrational dynamics. We illustrate these methods with examples from diatomic wavepacket dynamics, internal conversion in polyenes and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, excited state intramolecular proton transfer, and azobenzene photoiosomerization dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stolow
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
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41
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Budyka MF, Zyubina TS, Zarkadis AK. Correlating ground and excited state properties: a quantum chemical study of the photodissociation of the C–N bond in N-substituted anilines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-1280(02)00366-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Lee SH, Tang KC, Chen IC, Schmitt M, Shaffer JP, Schultz T, Underwood JG, Zgierski MZ, Stolow A. Substituent Effects in Molecular Electronic Relaxation Dynamics via Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy: ππ* States in Benzenes. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Huang Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Kuo-Chun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - I-Chia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - M. Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - J. P. Shaffer
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - T. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Jonathan G. Underwood
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - M. Z. Zgierski
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Albert Stolow
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC 30043, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC 10764, and Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
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43
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Baek SJ, Choi KW, Choi YS, Kim SK. Resonant-enhanced two photon ionization and mass-analyzed threshold ionization spectroscopy of jet-cooled 2-aminopyridines (2AP–NH2,–NHD,–NDH,–ND2). J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1488922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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44
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Mass analyzed threshold ionization spectroscopy of 3-aminopyridine cation and vicinal substitution effect. Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0104(02)00540-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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45
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Seideman T. Time-resolved photoelectron angular distributions: concepts, applications, and directions. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2002; 53:41-65. [PMID: 11972002 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.53.082101.130051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The use of photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) as a probe in short-pulse, pump-probe scenarios is reviewed. We focus on concepts, on the insight that can be gained through theoretical analysis, on applications, and on future opportunities. Time-resolved PADs are sensitive to both the time-evolving rotational composition of wavepackets and their time-evolving electronic symmetry. The former feature renders this observable a potential probe of molecular structure, intensity effects, and rotational perturbations. The latter feature renders the PAD a potential probe of radiationless transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Seideman
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
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46
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Ishikawa H, Iwata K, Hamaguchi HO. Picosecond Dynamics of Stepwise Double Proton-Transfer Reaction in the Excited State of the 2-Aminopyridine/Acetic Acid System†. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012761+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Abstract
Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TRPES) has become a powerful new tool in studying the dynamics of molecules and clusters. It has been applied to processes ranging from energy flow in electronically excited states of molecules to electron solvation dynamics in clusters. This review covers experimental and theoretical aspects of TRPES, focusing on studies of neutral and negatively charged species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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48
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Schick CP, Weber PM. Ultrafast Dynamics in the Three-Photon, Double-Resonance Ionization of Phenol via the S2 Electronic State. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp003304g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn P. Schick
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
| | - Peter M. Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
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49
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn P. Schick
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
| | - Peter M. Weber
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912
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50
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Schmitt M, Lochbrunner S, Shaffer JP, Larsen JJ, Zgierski MZ, Stolow A. Electronic continua in time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. II. Corresponding ionization correlations. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1331637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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