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Poterya V, Pysanenko A, Pluhařová E, Votava O, Fárník M. Heterogeneous Reactions of Methane with Cl Radicals on Large Ar N Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:249-258. [PMID: 34995071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c08476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous chemistry on the surfaces of atmospheric particles has a wide impact on the properties and composition of the Earth's atmosphere. In laboratory studies, clusters can represent proxies to atmospheric aerosols and help to discern the individual steps in reactions on or in aerosols. We investigate the reactivity of Cl and CCl3 radicals with methane on argon clusters using the pickup method. For radical generation, we built a new pyrolysis source partially adapting the design of radical sources that utilize the supersonic expansion into a heated silicon carbide tube. Large ArN, N̅ ≈ 110, clusters were generated in a supersonic expansion, and CH4 molecules were embedded in the clusters via a pickup process followed by the uptake of the radicals produced in the pyrolysis source. The analysis of the mass spectra recorded under different experimental conditions (i.e., with the pyrolysis ON and OFF and with only one or both reactants) allowed us to identify various products of the radical reactions on ArN. We propose a sequence of reactions based on the reaction energetics. It starts with the hydrogen abstraction from CH4 by a Cl radical resulting in HCl and CH3 followed by a halogenation step where CCl4 molecules react with the available CH3 radicals, yielding CH3Cl. By analogy, the CH3Cl enters another hydrogen abstraction by Cl, producing HCl and the CH2Cl radical, which again undergoes a halogenation step with CCl4, generating CH2Cl2. Further reaction of CH2Cl2 with Cl terminates the sequence by the production of HCl and CHCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoriya Poterya
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Andriy Pysanenko
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Pluhařová
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Votava
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Fárník
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague 8, Czech Republic
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Fárník M, Fedor J, Kočišek J, Lengyel J, Pluhařová E, Poterya V, Pysanenko A. Pickup and reactions of molecules on clusters relevant for atmospheric and interstellar processes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3195-3213. [PMID: 33524089 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06127a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In this perspective, we review experiments with molecules picked up on large clusters in molecular beams with the focus on the processes in atmospheric and interstellar chemistry. First, we concentrate on the pickup itself, and we discuss the pickup cross sections. We measure the uptake of different atmospheric molecules on mixed nitric acid-water clusters and determine the accommodation coefficients relevant for aerosol formation in the Earth's atmosphere. Then the coagulation of the adsorbed molecules on the clusters is investigated. In the second part of this perspective, we review examples of different processes triggered by UV-photons or electrons in the clusters with embedded molecules. We start with the photodissociation of hydrogen halides and Freon CF2Cl2 on ice nanoparticles in connection with the polar stratospheric ozone depletion. Next, we mention reactions following the excitation and ionization of the molecules adsorbed on clusters. The first ionization-triggered reaction observed between two different molecules picked up on the cluster was the proton transfer between methanol and formic acid deposited on large argon clusters. Finally, negative ion reactions after slow electron attachment are illustrated by two examples: mixed nitric acid-water clusters, and hydrogen peroxide deposited on large ArN and (H2O)N clusters. The selected examples are discussed from the perspective of the atmospheric and interstellar chemistry, and several future directions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Fárník
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i., The Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Bowman MC, Douberly GE, Schaefer HF. Convergent energies and anharmonic vibrational spectra of Ca 2H 2 and Ca 2H 4 constitutional isomers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:10914-10922. [PMID: 31086933 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01643k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three constitutional isomers of both Ca2H2 and Ca2H4 have been characterized with molecular electronic structure theory. Correlation methods as complete as CCSDT(Q) and basis sets as large as cc-pwCV5Z have been used to converge the relative energies within chemical accuracy (≤1 kcal mol-1). Anharmonic vibrational frequencies were computed using second-order vibrational perturbation theory employing CCSD(T)/cc-pwCVTZ cubic and quartic force-fields and a CCSD(T)/cc-pwCVQZ quadratic force field. The monobridged [Ca(μ2-H)CaH] and dibridged [Ca(μ2-H)2Ca] isomers of Ca2H2 were predicted to lie 6.5 and 12.9 kcal mol-1 below the energy of the classical HCaCaH linear isomer, respectively. Despite the energetic favorability of the bridged Ca2H2 isomers, we conclude (surprisingly) that only the higher energy linear structure has been observed in the laboratory. At 0 K, the tribridged [Ca(μ2-H)3CaH] isomer of Ca2H4 is predicted to be enthalpically favored by 0.9 kcal mol-1 in comparison to the enthalpy of the dibridged [HCa(μ2-H)2CaH] structure. Comparison of experiment with our computed frequencies suggests that the observed vibrational features arise from both the dibridged and the tribridged Ca2H4 structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Bowman
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
| | - Gary E Douberly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Henry F Schaefer
- Center for Computational Quantum Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
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Masson A, Briant M, Hernando A, Halberstadt N, Mestdagh JM, Gaveau MA. Fluorescence emission of Ca-atom from photodissociated Ca2 in Ar-doped helium droplets. I. Experimental. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:184310. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4762836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Dvorak M, Müller M, Knoblauch T, Bünermann O, Rydlo A, Minniberger S, Harbich W, Stienkemeier F. Spectroscopy of 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) attached to rare gas samples: Clusters vs. bulk matrices. I. Absorption spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:164301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4759443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Li SF, Xue X, Chen G, Yuan DW, Jia Y, Gong XG. Ab initio studies on the reaction of O2 with Ban (n=2,5) clusters. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:224711. [PMID: 16784305 DOI: 10.1063/1.2205851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ab initio theoretical calculations have been performed to study the reaction of O(2) with Ba(n) (n=2,5) clusters. Our results show that O(2) can easily chemisorb and dissociate on small Ba(n) clusters and there is no obvious energy barrier in the process of the dissociation. The local magnetic moment contributed by oxygen must vanish during the intermediate states before the O(2) dissociation. Correspondingly, local magnetic moment only decreases from 2 mu(B) to about 1 mu(B) if O(2) molecularly adsorbs onto Ba(5) cluster. The electronic structure analysis indicates that the charge transfer from Ba(n) cluster to O(2) as well as the orbital hybridization between the cluster and the oxygen molecule may play a key role in O(2) dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Li
- School of Physics and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, People's Republic of China.
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Vach H. Solvation effects in large binary van der Waals clusters with high doping rates. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Briant M, Gaveau MA, Mestdagh JM, Visticot JP. Cluster isolated chemical reaction (CICR) spectroscopy: Ba atoms and Ba(CH4)n complexes on large neon clusters. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.480820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gée C, Gaveau MA, Sublemontier O, Mestdagh JM, Visticot JP. Cluster isolated chemical reactions: Reactivity of Ba atoms and small Ba clusters with SF6 and CO2 molecules on large argon clusters. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gaigeot MP, de Pujo P, Brenner V, Millié P. Diffusion and clustering of N2O molecules in argon clusters: A theoretical approach by molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 1997. [DOI: 10.1063/1.474020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Gée C, Gaveau MA, Mestdagh JM, Osborne M, Sublemontier O, Visticot JP. Cluster Isolated Chemical Reactions: Evidence for the Formation of Ba2O in Oxidation Reactions of Barium Dimers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp960725i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Gée
- CEA, DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, C.E. Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - M. A. Gaveau
- CEA, DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, C.E. Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - J. M. Mestdagh
- CEA, DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, C.E. Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - M. Osborne
- CEA, DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, C.E. Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - O. Sublemontier
- CEA, DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, C.E. Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - J. P. Visticot
- CEA, DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, C.E. Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Gaveau M, Schilling B, Gée C, Sublemontier O, Visticot JP, Mestdagh J, Berlande J. Chemiluminescent Ba + N2O reaction in molecular clusters of CH4 and mixed ArCH4 clusters. Chem Phys Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)01105-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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