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Grover FM, Riehm C, Silva PL, Lorenz T, Riley MA. Grip force anticipation of nonlinear, underactuated load force. J Neurophysiol 2021; 125:1647-1662. [PMID: 33788625 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00616.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Feedforward internal model-based control enabled by efference copies of motor commands is the prevailing theoretical account of motor anticipation. Grip force control during object manipulation-a paradigmatic example of motor anticipation-is a key line of evidence for that account. However, the internal model approach has not addressed the computational challenges faced by the act of manipulating mechanically complex objects with nonlinear, underactuated degrees of freedom. These objects exhibit complex and unpredictable load force dynamics which cannot be encoded by efference copies of underlying motor commands, leading to the prediction from the perspective of an efference copy-enabled feedforward control scheme that grip force should either lag or fail to coordinate with changes in load force. In contrast to that prediction, we found evidence for strong, precise, anticipatory grip force control during manipulations of a complex object. The results are therefore inconsistent with the internal forward model approach and suggest that efference copies of motor commands are not necessary to enable anticipatory control during active object manipulation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY From the perspective of feedforward internal model-based control, precise, anticipatory grip force (GF) control when manipulating a complex object should not be possible as the object's changing load forces (LFs) cannot be encoded by efference copies of the underlying movements. However, we observed that GF exhibited strong, precise, anticipatory coupling with LF during extended manipulations of a complex object. These findings suggest that an alternative theoretical framework is needed to account for anticipatory GF control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis M Grover
- Center for Cognition, Action, and Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Christopher Riehm
- Center for Cognition, Action, and Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Paula L Silva
- Center for Cognition, Action, and Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tamara Lorenz
- Center for Cognition, Action, and Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Michael A Riley
- Center for Cognition, Action, and Perception, Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Hens C, Dana SK, Feudel U. Extreme multistability: Attractor manipulation and robustness. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2015; 25:053112. [PMID: 26026324 DOI: 10.1063/1.4921351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of infinitely many attractors is called extreme multistability in dynamical systems. In coupled systems, this phenomenon is closely related to partial synchrony and characterized by the emergence of a conserved quantity. We propose a general design of coupling that leads to partial synchronization, which may be a partial complete synchronization or partial antisynchronization and even a mixed state of complete synchronization and antisynchronization in two coupled systems and, thereby reveal the emergence of extreme multistability. The proposed design of coupling has wider options and allows amplification or attenuation of the amplitude of the attractors whenever it is necessary. We demonstrate that this phenomenon is robust to parameter mismatch of the coupled oscillators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syamal K Dana
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ulrike Feudel
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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Bhowmick SK, Ghosh D, Roy PK, Kurths J, Dana SK. How to induce multiple delays in coupled chaotic oscillators? CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2013; 23:043115. [PMID: 24387554 DOI: 10.1063/1.4828515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lag synchronization is a basic phenomenon in mismatched coupled systems, delay coupled systems, and time-delayed systems. It is characterized by a lag configuration that identifies a unique time shift between all pairs of similar state variables of the coupled systems. In this report, an attempt is made how to induce multiple lag configurations in coupled systems when different pairs of state variables attain different time shift. A design of coupling is presented to realize this multiple lag synchronization. Numerical illustration is given using examples of the Rössler system and the slow-fast Hindmarsh-Rose neuron model. The multiple lag scenario is physically realized in an electronic circuit of two Sprott systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav K Bhowmick
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Dibakar Ghosh
- Physics and Applied Mathematics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Prodyot K Roy
- Department of Physics, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Jürgen Kurths
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Syamal K Dana
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Sun J, Shen Y, Yin Q, Xu C. Compound synchronization of four memristor chaotic oscillator systems and secure communication. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2013; 23:013140. [PMID: 23556977 DOI: 10.1063/1.4794794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a novel kind of compound synchronization among four chaotic systems is investigated, where the drive systems have been conceptually divided into two categories: scaling drive systems and base drive systems. Firstly, a sufficient condition is obtained to ensure compound synchronization among four memristor chaotic oscillator systems based on the adaptive technique. Secondly, a secure communication scheme via adaptive compound synchronization of four memristor chaotic oscillator systems is presented. The corresponding theoretical proofs and numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed control technique. The unpredictability of scaling drive systems can additionally enhance the security of communication. The transmitted signals can be split into several parts loaded in the drive systems to improve the reliability of communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Sun
- Department of Control Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430074, China.
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Sun J, Shen Y, Zhang G. Transmission projective synchronization of multi-systems with non-delayed and delayed coupling via impulsive control. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2012; 22:043107. [PMID: 23278042 DOI: 10.1063/1.4760251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This paper mainly investigates the transmission projective synchronization of multi systems with non-delayed and delayed coupling via impulsive control. Based on the stability analysis of impulsive differential equation, the control laws and updating laws are designed to realize the transmission projective synchronization. Some criteria and corollaries are derived for the transmission projective synchronization among multi-systems. Numerical examples are presented to verify the effectiveness and correctness of the synchronization within a desired scaling factor. For the multi-systems synchronization model, it seems to have more valuable than the usual one drive system and one response system synchronization model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Sun
- Department of Control Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei 430074, China.
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Ghosh D, Grosu I, Dana SK. Design of coupling for synchronization in time-delayed systems. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2012; 22:033111. [PMID: 23020450 DOI: 10.1063/1.4731797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a design of delay coupling for targeting desired synchronization in delay dynamical systems. We target synchronization, antisynchronization, lag-and antilag-synchronization, amplitude death (or oscillation death), and generalized synchronization in mismatched oscillators. A scaling of the size of an attractor is made possible in different synchronization regimes. We realize a type of mixed synchronization where synchronization and antisynchronization coexist in different pairs of state variables of the coupled system. We establish the stability condition of synchronization using the Krasovskii-Lyapunov function theory and the Hurwitz matrix criterion. We present numerical examples using the Mackey-Glass system and a delay Rössler system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibakar Ghosh
- Department of Mathematics, University of Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
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