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Mukherjee S, Paul MR. Propagating fronts in fluids with solutal feedback. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:032214. [PMID: 32290010 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.032214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We numerically study the propagation of reacting fronts in a shallow and horizontal layer of fluid with solutal feedback and in the presence of a thermally driven flow field of counterrotating convection rolls. We solve the Boussinesq equations along with a reaction-convection-diffusion equation for the concentration field where the products of the nonlinear autocatalytic reaction are less dense than the reactants. For small values of the solutal Rayleigh number the characteristic fluid velocity scales linearly, and the front velocity and mixing length scale quadratically, with increasing solutal Rayleigh number. For small solutal Rayleigh numbers the front geometry is described by a curve that is nearly antisymmetric about the horizontal midplane. For large values of the solutal Rayleigh number the characteristic fluid velocity, the front velocity, and the mixing length exhibit square-root scaling and the front shape collapses onto an asymmetric self-similar curve. In the presence of counterrotating convection rolls, the mixing length decreases while the front velocity increases. The complexity of the front geometry increases when both the solutal and convective contributions are significant and the dynamics can exhibit chemical oscillations in time for certain parameter values. Last, we discuss the spatiotemporal features of the complex fronts that form over a range of solutal and thermal driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - M R Paul
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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2
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Simoyi RH. Convective instabilities derived from dissipation of chemical energy. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2019; 29:083136. [PMID: 31472521 DOI: 10.1063/1.5092137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation reactions of a series of organosulfur compounds by chlorite are excitable, autocatalytic, and exothermic and generate a lateral instability upon being triggered by the autocatalyst. This article reports on the convective instabilities derived from the reaction of chlorite and thiourea in a Hele-Shaw cell. Reagent concentrations used for the development of convective instabilities delivered a temperature jump at the wave front of 2.1 K. The reaction zone was 2 mm and due to normal cooling after the wave front, this induced a spike rather than the standard well-studied front propagation. Localized spatiotemporal patterns develop around the wave front. This exothermic autocatalytic reaction has solutal and thermal contributions to density changes that act in opposite directions due to the existence of a positive isothermal density change in the reaction. The competition between these effects generates thermal plumes. The fascinating feature of this system is the coexistence of plumes and fingering in the same solution as the front propagates through the Hele-Shaw cell. Wave velocities of descending and ascending fronts are oscillatory. Fingers and plumes are generated in alternating frequency as the front propagates. This generates hot and cold spots within the Hele-Shaw cell, and subsequently spatiotemporal inhomogeneities. The small ΔT at the wave front generated thermocapillary convection which competed effectively with thermogravitational forces at low Eötvös numbers. A simplified reaction-diffusion-convection model was derived for the system. Plume formation is heavily dependent on boundary effects from the cell dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuben H Simoyi
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207-0751, USA
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3
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Tiani R, De Wit A, Rongy L. Surface tension- and buoyancy-driven flows across horizontally propagating chemical fronts. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 255:76-83. [PMID: 28826815 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chemical reactions can interplay with hydrodynamic flows to generate various complex phenomena. Because of their relevance in many research areas, chemically-induced hydrodynamic flows have attracted increasing attention in the last decades. In this context, we propose to give a review of the past and recent theoretical and experimental works which have considered the interaction of such flows with chemical fronts, i.e. reactive interfaces, formed between miscible solutions. We focus in particular on the influence of surface tension- (Marangoni) and buoyancy-driven flows on the dynamics of chemical fronts propagating horizontally in the gravity field.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tiani
- Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP231, Brussels 1050, Belgium.
| | - A De Wit
- Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP231, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - L Rongy
- Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP231, Brussels 1050, Belgium
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Ruelas Paredes DRA, Vasquez DA. Convection induced by thermal gradients on thin reaction fronts. Phys Rev E 2018; 96:033116. [PMID: 29346926 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.033116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We present a thin front model for the propagation of chemical reaction fronts in liquids inside a Hele-Shaw cell or porous media. In this model we take into account density gradients due to thermal and compositional changes across a thin interface. The front separating reacted from unreacted fluids evolves following an eikonal relation between the normal speed and the curvature. We carry out a linear stability analysis of convectionless flat fronts confined in a two-dimensional rectangular domain. We find that all fronts are stable to perturbations of short wavelength, but they become unstable for some wavelengths depending on the values of compositional and thermal gradients. If the effects of these gradients oppose each other, we observe a range of wavelengths that make the flat front unstable. Numerical solutions of the nonlinear model show curved fronts of steady shape with convection propagating faster than flat fronts. Exothermic fronts increase the temperature of the fluid as they propagate through the domain. This increment in temperature decreases with increasing speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R A Ruelas Paredes
- Departamento de Ciencias, Sección Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, Lima 32, Peru
| | - Desiderio A Vasquez
- Departamento de Ciencias, Sección Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Av. Universitaria 1801, San Miguel, Lima 32, Peru.,Department of Physics, Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, Indiana 46805, USA
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Sebestikova L, Simcik M, Ruzicka MC. Effects of the Starch Indicator on the Buoyantly Unstable Iodate-Arsenous Acid Reaction Front. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Sebestikova
- Institute of Hydrodynamics; Czech Academy of Sciences; Pod Patankou 30 / 5 16612 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Mirek Simcik
- Department of Multiphase Reactors; Institution Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals; Czech Academy of Sciences; Rozvojova 135 16502 Prague Czech Republic
| | - Marek C. Ruzicka
- Department of Multiphase Reactors; Institution Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals; Czech Academy of Sciences; Rozvojova 135 16502 Prague Czech Republic
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Bohner B, Schuszter G, Nakanishi H, Zámbó D, Deák A, Horváth D, Tóth Á, Lagzi I. Self-Assembly of Charged Nanoparticles by an Autocatalytic Reaction Front. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:12019-24. [PMID: 26479840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work we present that aggregation of charged and pH sensitive nanoparticles can be spatiotemporally controlled by an autonomous way using the chlorite-tetrathionate autocatalytic front, where the front regulates the electrostatic interaction between nanoparticles due to protonation of the capping (carboxylate-terminated) ligand. We found that the aggregation and sedimentation of nanoparticles in liquid phase with the effect of reversible binding of the autocatalyst (H(+)) play important roles in changing the front stability (mixing length) and the velocity of the front in both cases when the fronts propagate upward and downward. Calculation of interparticle interactions (electrostatic and van der Waals) with the measurement of front velocity revealed that the aggregation process occurs fast (within a few seconds) at the front position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bíborka Bohner
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged , Szeged, 6720 Hungary
| | - Gábor Schuszter
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged , Szeged, 6720 Hungary
| | - Hideyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology , Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Dániel Zámbó
- Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Budapest, 1051 Hungary
| | - András Deák
- Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Budapest, 1051 Hungary
| | - Dezső Horváth
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged , Szeged, 6720 Hungary
| | - Ágota Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged , Szeged, 6720 Hungary
| | - István Lagzi
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , H-1111 Budapest, Budafoki út 8, Hungary
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Schuszter G, Pótári G, Horváth D, Tóth Á. Three-dimensional convection-driven fronts of the exothermic chlorite-tetrathionate reaction. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2015; 25:064501. [PMID: 26117124 DOI: 10.1063/1.4921172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Horizontally propagating autocatalytic reaction fronts in fluids are often accompanied by convective motion in the presence of gravity. We experimentally and numerically investigate the stable complex three-dimensional pattern arising in the exothermic chlorite-tetrathionate reaction as a result of the antagonistic thermal and solutal contribution to the density change. By particle image velocimetry measurements, we construct the flow field that stabilizes the front structure. The calculations applied for incompressible fluids using the empirical rate-law model reproduce the experimental observations with good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Schuszter
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi Vértanúk tere 1., Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Gábor Pótári
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi Vértanúk tere 1., Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Dezső Horváth
- Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Rerrich Béla tér 1., Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Ágota Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi Vértanúk tere 1., Szeged H-6720, Hungary
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Rica T, Schuszter G, Horváth D, Tóth Á. Tuning density fingering by changing stoichiometry in the chlorite–tetrathionate reaction. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Sebestíková L. Relation between shape of liquid-gas interface and evolution of buoyantly unstable three-dimensional chemical fronts. Phys Rev E 2013; 88:033023. [PMID: 24125360 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.033023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Buoyantly unstable 3D chemical fronts were seen traveling through an iodate-arsenous acid reaction solution. The experiments were performed in channel reactors with rectangular cross sections, where the top of the reaction solution was in contact with air. A concave or convex meniscus was pinned to reactor lateral walls. Influence of the meniscus shape on front development was investigated. For the concave meniscus, an asymptotic shape of fronts holding negative curvature was observed. On the other hand, fronts propagating in the solution with the convex meniscus kept only positive curvature. Those fronts were also a bit faster than fronts propagating in the solution with the concave meniscus. A relation between the meniscus shape, flow distribution, velocity, and shape is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sebestíková
- Institute of Hydrodynamics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Pod Patankou 30/5, 16612 Praha 6, Czech Republic
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De Wit A, Eckert K, Kalliadasis S. Introduction to the focus issue: chemo-hydrodynamic patterns and instabilities. CHAOS (WOODBURY, N.Y.) 2012; 22:037101. [PMID: 23020492 DOI: 10.1063/1.4756930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Pattern forming instabilities are often encountered in a wide variety of natural phenomena and technological applications, from self-organization in biological and chemical systems to oceanic or atmospheric circulation and heat and mass transport processes in engineering systems. Spatio-temporal structures are ubiquitous in hydrodynamics where numerous different convective instabilities generate pattern formation and complex spatiotemporal dynamics, which have been much studied both theoretically and experimentally. In parallel, reaction-diffusion processes provide another large family of pattern forming instabilities and spatio-temporal structures which have been analyzed for several decades. At the intersection of these two fields, "chemo-hydrodynamic patterns and instabilities" resulting from the coupling of hydrodynamic and reaction-diffusion processes have been less studied. The exploration of the new instability and symmetry-breaking scenarios emerging from the interplay between chemical reactions, diffusion and convective motions is a burgeoning field in which numerous exciting problems have emerged during the last few years. These problems range from fingering instabilities of chemical fronts and reactive fluid-fluid interfaces to the dynamics of reaction-diffusion systems in the presence of chaotic mixing. The questions to be addressed are at the interface of hydrodynamics, chemistry, engineering or environmental sciences to name a few and, as a consequence, they have started to draw the attention of several communities including both the nonlinear chemical dynamics and hydrodynamics communities. The collection of papers gathered in this Focus Issue sheds new light on a wide range of phenomena in the general area of chemo-hydrodynamic patterns and instabilities. It also serves as an overview of the current research and state-of-the-art in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Wit
- Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, Service de Chimie Physique et Biologie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP 231, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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