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Datta S, Ghosh A, Saha-Dasgupta T. First principles insights into the relative stability, electronic and catalytic properties of core-shell, Janus and mixed structural patterns for bimetallic Pd-X nano-alloys (X = Co, Ni, Cu, Rh, Ag, Ir, Pt, Au). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:4667-4679. [PMID: 36723207 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04342d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The three well-known orderings of the two constituting atomic species in a bimetallic nano-alloy - core-shell, Janus and mixed structural patterns - may be interconvertible depending on the synthesis conditions. Using first principles electronic structure calculations in the present work, we look for the microscopic origin for such structural transformation considering eight Pd-related bimetallic nano-alloys. Our analysis shows that it is the change in atom-atom covalency that is responsible for such structural transformation. Our study also reveals that the three patterns are distinctly identified in terms of total orbital hybridization. Finally, we have analyzed the trend in the relative catalytic activity for the three structures of each bimetallic nano-alloy using the d-band model. Our analysis indicates that the trend in the catalytic activity for the bimetallic Pd-X nano-alloys seems to be intermediate to those of the pristine Pd and Pt nano-clusters possessing similar structure and equal number of total atoms. Among the studied binary nano-alloys, the bimetallic Pd-Ni nano-alloy appears as the most suitable binary pair to develop a non-Pt catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumendu Datta
- Satyendra Nath Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 106, India.
| | - Aishwaryo Ghosh
- Satyendra Nath Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 106, India.
| | - Tanusri Saha-Dasgupta
- Satyendra Nath Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, JD Block, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700 106, India.
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Touchton AJ, Wu G, Hayton TW. [Ni 8(CN tBu) 12][Cl]: A nickel isocyanide nanocluster with a folded nanosheet structure. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:211102. [PMID: 34240994 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of 1.75 equiv of tBuNC with Ni(1,5-COD)2, followed by crystallization from benzene/pentane, resulted in the isolation of [Ni8(CNtBu)12][Cl] (2) in low yields. Similarly, the reaction of Ni(1,5-COD)2 with 0.6 equiv of [Ni(CNtBu)4], followed by addition of 0.08 equiv of I2, resulted in the formation of [Ni8(CNtBu)12][I] (3), which could be isolated in 52% yield after work-up. Both 2 and 3 adopt folded nanosheet structures in the solid state, characterized by two symmetry-related planar Ni4 arrays, six terminally bound tBuNC ligands, and six tBuNC ligands that adopt bridging coordination modes. The metrical parameters of the six bridging tBuNC ligands suggest that they have been reduced to their [tBuNC]2- form. In contrast to the nanosheet structures observed for 2 and 3, gas phase Ni8 is predicted to feature a compact bisdisphenoid ground state structure. The strikingly different structural outcomes reveal the profound structural changes that can occur upon addition of ligands to bare metal clusters. Ultimately, the characterization of 2 and 3 will enable more accurate structural predictions of ligand-protected nanoclusters in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Touchton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, USA
| | - Guang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, USA
| | - Trevor W Hayton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9510, USA
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Nair AS, Pathak B. Computational strategies to address the catalytic activity of nanoclusters. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akhil S. Nair
- Discipline of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Indore Indore Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Discipline of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Indore Indore Madhya Pradesh India
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Chikhaoui A, Ziane M, Tazibt S, Bouarab S, Vega A. Unveiling the effects of doping small nickel clusters with a sulfur impurity. Theor Chem Acc 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-018-2320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Dillinger S, Mohrbach J, Niedner-Schatteburg G. Probing cluster surface morphology by cryo spectroscopy of N2 on cationic nickel clusters. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:184305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4997407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dillinger
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, TU Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jennifer Mohrbach
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, TU Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Curotto E, Mella M. Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of selected ammonia clusters (n = 2–5): Isotope effects on the ground state of typical hydrogen bonded systems. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:214301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3506027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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8
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Venkataramanan NS, Sahara R, Mizuseki H, Kawazoe Y. Titanium-Doped Nickel Clusters TiNin (n = 1−12): Geometry, Electronic, Magnetic, and Hydrogen Adsorption Properties. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:5049-57. [DOI: 10.1021/jp100459c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Royoji Sahara
- Institute for Materials Research (IMR), 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980 8577, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Mizuseki
- Institute for Materials Research (IMR), 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980 8577, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kawazoe
- Institute for Materials Research (IMR), 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-Ku, Sendai 980 8577, Japan
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9
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Asare E, Musah AR, Curotto E, Freeman DL, Doll JD. The thermodynamic and ground state properties of the TIP4P water octamer. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:184508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3259047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Lubombo C, Curotto E, Janeiro Barral PE, Mella M. Thermodynamic properties of ammonia clusters (NH3)n n=2–11: Comparing classical and quantum simulation results for hydrogen bonded species. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:034312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3159398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Berthier G, Defranceschi M. Chemical reactivity of second-row transition metal clusters from Hückel-type calculations. Theor Chem Acc 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-009-0529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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12
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Petkov PS, Vayssilov GN, Krüger S, Rösch N. Density functional study of Ni6 clusters containing impurity atoms. Chem Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Zhao J, Guo X, Wen B. A nonorthogonal tight-binding model for hydrocarbon molecules and nanostructures. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/08927020701203706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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St Petkov P, Vayssilov GN, Krüger S, Rösch N. Influence of Single Impurity Atoms on the Structure, Electronic, and Magnetic Properties of Ni5 Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:2067-76. [PMID: 17388298 DOI: 10.1021/jp0675431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With a gradient-corrected density functional method, we have studied computationally the influence of single impurity atoms on the structure, electronic, and magnetic properties of Ni5 clusters. The square-pyramidal isomer of bare Ni5 with six unpaired electrons was calculated 23 kJ/mol more stable than the trigonal bipyramid in its lowest-energy electronic configuration with four unpaired electrons. In a previous study on the cluster Ni4, we had obtained only one stable isomer with an O or an H impurity, but we located six minima for ONi5 and five minima for HNi5. In the most stable structures of HNi5, the H atom bridges a Ni-Ni edge at the base or the side of the square pyramid, similarly to the coordination of an H atom at the tetrahedral cluster Ni4. The most stable ONi5 isomers exhibit a trigonal bipyramidal structure of the Ni5 moiety, with the impurity coordinated at a facet, (micro3-O)Ni5, or at an apex edge, (micro-O)Ni5. We located four stable structures for a C impurity at a Ni5 cluster. As for CNi4, the most stable structure of the corresponding Ni5 complex comprises a four-coordinated C atom, (micro4-C)Ni5, and can be considered as insertion of the impurity into a Ni-Ni bond of the bare cluster. All structures with C and five with O impurity have four unpaired electrons, while the number of unpaired electrons in the clusters HNi5 varies between 3 and 7. As a rough trend, the ionization potentials and electron affinities of the clusters with impurity atoms decrease with the coordination number of the impurity. However, the position of the impurity and the shape of the metal moiety also affect the results. Coordination of an impurity atom leads to a partial oxidation of the metal atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petko St Petkov
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
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St Petkov P, Vayssilov GN, Krüger S, Rösch N. Structure, stability, electronic and magnetic properties of Ni4 clusters containing impurity atoms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2006; 8:1282-91. [PMID: 16633608 DOI: 10.1039/b518175e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using a gradient-corrected density functional method, we studied computationally how single impurity atoms affect the structure and the properties of a Ni4 cluster. H and O atoms coordinate at a Ni-Ni bond, inducing small changes to the structure of bare Ni4 which is essentially a tetrahedron. For a C impurity, we found three stable structures at a Ni4 cluster. In the most stable geometry, the carbon atom cleaves a Ni-Ni bond of Ni4, binding to all Ni atoms. Inclusion of the impurity atom leads to a partial oxidation of the metal atoms and, in the most stable structures, reduces the spin polarization of the cluster compared to bare Ni4. An H impurity interacts mainly with the Ni 4s orbitals, whereas the Ni 3d orbitals participate strongly in the bonding with O and C impurity atoms. For these impurity atoms, Ni 3d contributions dominate the character of the HOMO of the ligated cluster, in contrast to the HOMO of bare Ni4 where Ni 4s orbitals prevail. We also discuss a simple model which relates the effect of a H impurity on the magnetic state of metal clusters to the spin character (minority or majority) of the LUMO or HOMO of the bare metal cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petko St Petkov
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Sofia, 1126 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Abstract
Density-functional theory has been used to determine the ground-state geometries and electronic states for homonuclear transition-metal trimers constrained to equilateral triangle geometries. This represents the first application of consistent theoretical methods to all of the ten 3d block transition-metal trimers, from scandium to zinc. A search of the potential surfaces yields the following electronic ground states and bond lengths: Sc3(2A1',2.83 A), Ti3(7E',2.32 A), V3(2E",2.06 A), Cr3(17E',2.92 A), Mn3(16A2',2.73 A), Fe3(11E",2.24 A), Co3(6E",2.18 A), Ni3(3A2",2.23 A), Cu3(2E',2.37 A), and Zn3(1A1',2.93 A). Vibrational frequencies, several low-lying electronic states, and trends in bond lengths and atomization energies are discussed. The predicted dissociation energies DeltaE(M3-->M2+M) are 49.4 kcal mol(-1)(Sc3), 64.3 kcal mol(-1)(Ti3), 60.7 kcal mol(-1)(V3), 11.5 kcal mol(-1)(Cr3), 32.4 kcal mol(-1)(Mn3), 61.5 kcal mol(-1)(Fe3), 78.0 kcal mol(-1)(Co3), 86.1 kcal mol(-1)(Ni3), 26.8 kcal mol(-1)(Cu3), and 4.5 kcal mol(-1)(Zn3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian N Papas
- Center for Computational Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Diaconu CV, Cho AE, Doll JD, Freeman DL. Broken-symmetry unrestricted hybrid density functional calculations on nickel dimer and nickel hydride. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:10026-40. [PMID: 15549878 DOI: 10.1063/1.1798992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work we investigate the adequacy of broken-symmetry unrestricted density functional theory for constructing the potential energy curve of nickel dimer and nickel hydride, as a model for larger bare and hydrogenated nickel cluster calculations. We use three hybrid functionals: the popular B3LYP, Becke's newest optimized functional Becke98, and the simple FSLYP functional (50% Hartree-Fock and 50% Slater exchange and LYP gradient-corrected correlation functional) with two basis sets: all-electron (AE) Wachters+f basis set and Stuttgart RSC effective core potential (ECP) and basis set. We find that, overall, the best agreement with experiment, comparable to that of the high-level CASPT2, is obtained with B3LYP/AE, closely followed by Becke98/AE and Becke98/ECP. FSLYP/AE and B3LYP/ECP give slightly worse agreement with experiment, and FSLYP/ECP is the only method among the ones we studied that gives an unacceptably large error, underestimating the dissociation energy of Ni(2) by 28%, and being in the largest disagreement with the experiment and the other theoretical predictions. We also find that for Ni(2), the spin projection for the broken-symmetry unrestricted singlet states changes the ordering of the states, but the splittings are less than 10 meV. All our calculations predict a deltadelta-hole ground state for Ni(2) and delta-hole ground state for NiH. Upon spin projection of the singlet state of Ni(2), almost all of our calculations: Becke98 and FSLYP both AE and ECP and B3LYP/AE predict (1)(d(A)(x(2)-y(2)d(B)(x(2)-y(2)) or (1)(d(A)(xy) (d)(B)(xy)) ground state, which is a mixture of (1)Sigma(g) (+) and (1)Gamma(g). B3LYP/ECP predicts a (3)(d(A)(x(2)-y(2))d(B)(xy) (mixture of (3)Sigma(g) (-) and (3)Gamma(u)) ground state virtually degenerate with the (1)(d(A)(x(2)-y(2)d(B)(x)(2)-y(2)/(1)(d(A)(xy)D(B)(xy) state. The doublet delta-hole ground state of NiH predicted by all our calculations is in agreement with the experimentally predicted (2)Delta ground state. For Ni(2), all our results are consistent with the experimentally predicted ground state of 0(g) (+) (a mixture of (1)Sigma(g) (+) and (3)Sigma(g) (-)) or 0(u) (-) (a mixture of (1)Sigma(u) (-) and (3)Sigma(u) (+)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian V Diaconu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
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Binetti M, Hasselbrink E. Abstraction of Oxygen from Dioxygen on Al(111) Revealed by Resonant Multiphoton Ionization Laser Spectrometry. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp049197y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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20
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Nigra P, Freeman DL, Sabo D, Doll JD. On the encapsulation of nickel clusters by molecular nitrogen. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:475-82. [PMID: 15260569 DOI: 10.1063/1.1757435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The structures and energetic effects of molecular nitrogen adsorbates on nickel clusters are investigated using an extended Huckel model coupled with two models of the adsorbate-nickel interaction. The potential parameters for the adsorbates are chosen to mimic experimental information about the binding strength of nitrogen on both cluster and bulk surface phases of nickel. The first model potential is a simple Lennard-Jones interaction that leads to binding sites in holes defined by sets of near-neighbor nickel atoms. The second model potential has a simple three-body form that forces the model nitrogen adsorbates to bind directly to single nickel atoms. Significant rearrangement of the core nickel structures are found in both models. A disconnectivity graph analysis of the potential energy surfaces implies that the rearrangements arise from low transition state barriers and the small differences between available isomers in the nickel core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Nigra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, USA
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Yurtsever E, Palazoǧlu A, Arkun Y. Conformational Similarities in Isomerization Dynamics of Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp035119j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Yurtsever
- College of Arts and Sciences, Koç University Rumelifeneri yolu, Sarıyer Istanbul, Turkey 34450
| | - Ahmet Palazoǧlu
- College of Engineering, Koç University Rumelifeneri yolu, Sarıyer Istanbul, Turkey 34450
| | - Yaman Arkun
- College of Engineering, Koç University Rumelifeneri yolu, Sarıyer Istanbul, Turkey 34450
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Johnston RL, Roberts C. Genetic Algorithms for the Geometry Optimization of Clusters and Nanoparticles. SOFT COMPUTING APPROACHES IN CHEMISTRY 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-36213-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Liu SR, Zhai HJ, Wang LS. Evolution of the electronic properties of small Nin− (n=1–100) clusters by photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1519008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Liu F, Liyanage R, Armentrout PB. Guided ion beam studies of the reaction of Nin+ (n=2–16) with D2: Nickel cluster-deuteride bond energies. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1481855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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26
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Knickelbein MB. Nickel clusters: The influence of adsorbates on magnetic moments. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1477175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Ruette F, González C. The importance of global minimization and adequate theoretical tools for cluster optimization: the Ni6 cluster case. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)00733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Derosa PA, Seminario JM, Balbuena PB. Properties of Small Bimetallic Ni−Cu Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0104637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A. Derosa
- Department of Electrical Engineering, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Jorge M. Seminario
- Department of Electrical Engineering, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Perla B. Balbuena
- Department of Electrical Engineering, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
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Curotto E. Isomerizations and relative kinetic stability of LJn clusters in a carrier gas. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1375025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Barden CJ, Rienstra-Kiracofe JC, Schaefer HF. Homonuclear 3d transition-metal diatomics: A systematic density functional theory study. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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31
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Hartke B. Global cluster geometry optimization by a phenotype algorithm with Niches: Location of elusive minima, and low-order scaling with cluster size. J Comput Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-987x(199912)20:16<1752::aid-jcc7>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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32
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Hartke B. Global cluster geometry optimization by a phenotype algorithm with Niches: Location of elusive minima, and low-order scaling with cluster size. J Comput Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-987x(199912)20:16%3c1752::aid-jcc7%3e3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Atoms and small molecules react with transition metal clusters in ways that are analogous to the physisorption and chemisorption reactions observed on the corresponding extended metal surface. However, often underlying these similarities are size-dependent variations in the reaction mechanisms and rates, the interpretation of which requires a detailed understanding of the structures of both the bare metal cluster substrates and the cluster-molecule complexes. Although polyatomic transition metal clusters cannot be characterized by the traditional methods of molecular spectroscopy, the combination of other physical and chemical probes can provide qualitative and semiquantitative structural information. These techniques, when combined with equilibrium geometries calculated using ab initio or semiempirical methods, provide a detailed picture of the structural origin of metal cluster reactivity and its variation with size.
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Affiliation(s)
- M B Knickelbein
- Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
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Ghayal MR, Curotto E. Core to surface exchange and the melting of Ar12–HF (η=0); A j-walking-molecular-dynamics simulation. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.479821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Quantum Mechanics of Hydrogen on Nickel and Palladium Clusters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-58389-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Curotto E, Freeman DL, Chen B, Doll J. The melting transition of Ni7 and Ni7H as modeled by a semi-empirical potential. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00991-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Curotto E, Freeman DL, Doll JD. A j-walking algorithm for microcanonical simulations: Applications to Lennard-Jones clusters. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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