1
|
Akerman MS, Sagi R, Asscher M. Inverse Volcano: A New Molecule-Surface Interaction Phenomenon. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:086203. [PMID: 36898118 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.086203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Explosive desorption of guest molecules embedded in amorphous solid water upon its crystallization is known as the "molecular volcano." Here, we describe an abrupt ejection of NH_{3} guest molecules from various molecular host films toward a Ru(0001) substrate upon heating, utilizing both temperature programmed contact potential difference and temperature programmed desorption measurements. NH_{3} molecules abruptly migrate toward the substrate due to either crystallization or desorption of the host molecules, following an "inverse volcano" process considered a highly probable phenomenon for dipolar guest molecules that strongly interact with the substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S Akerman
- Institute of Chemistry, Edmund J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Roey Sagi
- Institute of Chemistry, Edmund J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Micha Asscher
- Institute of Chemistry, Edmund J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Akerman MS, Sagi R, Iny H, Asscher M. Distribution of Weakly Interacting Atoms and Molecules in Low-Temperature Amorphous Solid Water. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8037-8048. [PMID: 36260925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the distribution and mixing of atoms and molecules in amorphous solid water (ASW) at low temperatures is relevant to the exploration of the astrochemical environment in the interstellar medium (ISM) that leads to the formation of new complex molecules. In this study, a combination of temperature programmed desorption (ΔP-TPD) experiments and Ne+ ion sputtering is used to determine the extent of mixing and distribution of guest atoms and molecules within thin ASW films deposited at 35 K on a Ru(0001) substrate, prior to sputtering. The mixing of krypton atoms and methyl chloride molecules within thin ASW films is directed by the physical properties of the respective species and the nature of their interaction with the host water molecules. While the Kr-H2O interaction may be described as a weak van der Waals attraction, the CD3Cl-H2O interaction can be characterized as weakly hydrophobic in nature. This leads to differences in the level of homogeneity in mixing and distribution of the guest species in the ASW film. Both krypton atoms and methyl chloride molecules reveal a propensity to migrate toward the ASW-vacuum interface. The krypton atoms migrate through both diffusion and displacement by incoming H2O molecules, while the methyl chloride molecules tend to move toward the vacuum interface primarily via displacement. This behavior results in more homogeneous mixing of Kr in ASW at 35 K compared to the dipole moment containing molecule CD3Cl. As a general outcome of our study, it is observed that mixing in ASW at low temperatures is more homogeneous when the guest atom/molecule is inert and does not possess a constant dipole moment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Sykes Akerman
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmund J. Safra Campus Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Roey Sagi
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmund J. Safra Campus Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Hiley Iny
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmund J. Safra Campus Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Micha Asscher
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmund J. Safra Campus Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vishwakarma G, Malla BK, Methikkalam RRJ, Pradeep T. Rapid crystallization of amorphous solid water by porosity induction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26200-26210. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02640f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Rapid crystallization of amorphous solid water via acetonitrile diffusion–desorption induced porosity in the window of 128–134 K under ultrahigh vacuum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Vishwakarma
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Bijesh K. Malla
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | | | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience (DST UNS) and Thematic Unit of Excellence (TUE), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- International Centre for Clean Water, IIT Madras Research Park, Chennai 600113, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tylinski M, Smith RS, Kay BD. Morphology of Vapor-Deposited Acetonitrile Films. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:6237-6245. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c03650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Tylinski
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - R. Scott Smith
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Bruce D. Kay
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The Effective Surface Area of Amorphous Solid Water Measured by the Infrared Absorption of Carbon Monoxide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab1f6a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
6
|
Yuan C, Smith RS, Kay BD. Communication: Distinguishing between bulk and interface-enhanced crystallization in nanoscale films of amorphous solid water. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:031102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4974492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Yuan
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - R. Scott Smith
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Bruce D. Kay
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Smith RS, Li Z, Chen L, Dohnálek Z, Kay BD. Adsorption, Desorption, and Displacement Kinetics of H2O and CO2 on TiO2(110). J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:8054-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jp501131v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Scott Smith
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Zhenjun Li
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Long Chen
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Zdenek Dohnálek
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Bruce D. Kay
- Fundamental and Computational
Sciences
Directorate and Institute
for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Horowitz Y, Asscher M. Electron-induced chemistry of methyl chloride caged within amorphous solid water. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:154707. [PMID: 24160533 DOI: 10.1063/1.4824385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of low energy electrons (1.0-25 eV) with methyl-chloride (CD3Cl) molecules, caged within Amorphous Solid Water (ASW) films, 10-120 monolayer (ML) thick, has been studied on top of a Ru(0001) substrate under Ultra High Vacuum (UHV) conditions. While exposing the ASW film to 3 eV electrons a static electric field up to 8 × 10(8) V∕m is developed inside the ASW film due to the accumulation of trapped electrons that produce a plate capacitor voltage of exactly 3 V. At the same time while the electrons continuously strike the ASW surface, they are transmitted through the ASW film at currents of ca. 3 × 10(-7) A. These electrons transiently attach to the caged CD3Cl molecules leading to C-Cl bond scission via Dissociative Electron Attachment (DEA) process. The electron induced dissociation cross sections and product formation rate constants at 3.0 eV incident electrons at ASW film thicknesses of 10 ML and 40 ML were derived from model simulations supported by Thermal Programmed Desorption (TPD) experimental data. For 3.0 eV electrons the CD3Cl dissociation cross section is 3.5 × 10(-16) cm(2), regardless of ASW film thickness. TPD measurements reveal that the primary product is deuterated methane (D3CH) and the minor one is deuterated ethane (C2D6).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonatan Horowitz
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmund J. Safra Campus, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
May RA, Smith RS, Kay BD. The release of trapped gases from amorphous solid water films. I. “Top-down” crystallization-induced crack propagation probed using the molecular volcano. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:104501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4793311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|