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Laniel D, Trybel F, Aslandukov A, Khandarkhaeva S, Fedotenko T, Yin Y, Miyajima N, Tasnádi F, Ponomareva AV, Jena N, Akbar FI, Winkler B, Néri A, Chariton S, Prakapenka V, Milman V, Schnick W, Rudenko AN, Katsnelson MI, Abrikosov IA, Dubrovinsky L, Dubrovinskaia N. Synthesis of Ultra-Incompressible and Recoverable Carbon Nitrides Featuring CN 4 Tetrahedra. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308030. [PMID: 37822038 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nitrides featuring three-dimensional frameworks of CN4 tetrahedra are one of the great aspirations of materials science, expected to have a hardness greater than or comparable to diamond. After more than three decades of efforts to synthesize them, no unambiguous evidence of their existence has been delivered. Here, the high-pressure high-temperature synthesis of three carbon-nitrogen compounds, tI14-C3 N4 , hP126-C3 N4 , and tI24-CN2 , in laser-heated diamond anvil cells, is reported. Their structures are solved and refined using synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Physical properties investigations show that these strongly covalently bonded materials, ultra-incompressible and superhard, also possess high energy density, piezoelectric, and photoluminescence properties. The novel carbon nitrides are unique among high-pressure materials, as being produced above 100 GPa they are recoverable in air at ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Laniel
- Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, UK
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Florian Trybel
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Andrey Aslandukov
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Saiana Khandarkhaeva
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Timofey Fedotenko
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yuqing Yin
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Nobuyoshi Miyajima
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ferenc Tasnádi
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Alena V Ponomareva
- Materials Modeling and Development Laboratory, NUST "MISIS", Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | - Nityasagar Jena
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | | | - Bjoern Winkler
- Institut für Geowissenschaften, Abteilung Kristallographie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, D-60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Adrien Néri
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Stella Chariton
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Vitali Prakapenka
- Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | | | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander N Rudenko
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heijendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Mikhail I Katsnelson
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heijendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Igor A Abrikosov
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Leonid Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Natalia Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, Linköping, SE-581 83, Sweden
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Jiao F, Huang X, Zhang C, Xie W. High-pressure phases of a Mn-N system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:1830-1839. [PMID: 34986210 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04386b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly compressed extended states of light elemental solids have emerged recently as a novel group of energetic materials. The application of these materials is seriously limited by the energy-safety contradiction, because the material with high energy density is highly metastable and can hardly be recovered under ambient conditions. Recently, it has been found that high-energy density transition metal polynitrides could be synthesized at ∼100 GPa and recovered at ∼20 GPa. Inspired by these findings, we have studied a high-pressure Mn-N system from the aspects of structure, stability, phase transition, energy density and electronic structure theoretically for the first time. The results reveal that MnN4_P1̄ consisting of [N4]∞2- is thermodynamically stable at 36.9-100 GPa, dynamically stable at 0 GPa and has a noticeably high volumetric energy density of 15.71 kJ cm-3. Upon decompression, this structure will transform to MnN4_C2/m with the transition barrier declining sharply at 5-10 GPa due to the switching of transition pathways. Hence, we propose MnN4_P1̄ as a potential energetic material that is synthesizable above 40 GPa and recoverable until 10 GPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangbao Jiao
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-311, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621999, China.
| | - Xin Huang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-311, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621999, China. .,School of Physics and Optoelectronics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-311, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621999, China.
| | - Weiyu Xie
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, P. O. Box 919-311, Mianyang, Sichuan, 621999, China.
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Keefer DW, Gou H, Wang Q, Purdy A, Epshteyn A, Juhl SJ, Cody GD, Badding J, Strobel TA. Tetracyanomethane under Pressure: Extended CN Polymers from Precursors with Built-in sp 3 Centers. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:2858-2863. [PMID: 29432685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetracyanomethane, C(CN)4, is a tetrahedral molecule containing a central sp3 carbon that is coordinated by reactive nitrile groups that could potentially transform to an extended CN network with a significant fraction of sp3 carbon. High-purity C(CN)4 was synthesized, and its physiochemical behavior was studied using in situ synchrotron angle-dispersive powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopies in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) up to 21 GPa. The pressure dependence of the fundamental vibrational modes associated with the molecular solid was determined, and some low-frequency Raman modes are reported for the first time. Crystalline molecular C(CN)4 starts to polymerize above ∼7 GPa and transforms into an interconnected disordered network, which is recoverable to ambient conditions. The results demonstrate feasibility for the pressure-induced polymerization of molecules with premeditated functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huiyang Gou
- Geophysical Laboratory , Carnegie Institution of Washington , 5251 Broad Branch Road NW , Washington , D.C. 20015 , United States.,Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, Beijing 100094 , China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Geophysical Laboratory , Carnegie Institution of Washington , 5251 Broad Branch Road NW , Washington , D.C. 20015 , United States
| | - Andrew Purdy
- Chemistry Division , Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave., SW , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Albert Epshteyn
- Chemistry Division , Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Ave., SW , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | | | - George D Cody
- Geophysical Laboratory , Carnegie Institution of Washington , 5251 Broad Branch Road NW , Washington , D.C. 20015 , United States
| | | | - Timothy A Strobel
- Geophysical Laboratory , Carnegie Institution of Washington , 5251 Broad Branch Road NW , Washington , D.C. 20015 , United States
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Keefer DW, Gou H, Purdy AP, Epshteyn A, Kim DY, Badding JV, Strobel TA. Pressure-Induced Polymerization of LiN(CN)2. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:9370-9377. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b06780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Huiyang Gou
- Geophysical
Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC, 20015, United States
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Bldg #6, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Andrew P. Purdy
- Chemistry
Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, DC, 20375, United States
| | - Albert Epshteyn
- Chemistry
Division, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, SW, Washington, DC, 20375, United States
| | - Duck Young Kim
- Geophysical
Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC, 20015, United States
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research, 1690 Cailun Road, Bldg #6, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | | | - Timothy A. Strobel
- Geophysical
Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road NW, Washington, DC, 20015, United States
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Tsetseris L. Functionalization of two-dimensional phthalo-carbonitride with metal atoms. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:26088-26093. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04668a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized 2D C3N2: metals and semiconductors with small band gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas Tsetseris
- Department of Physics
- National Technical University of Athens
- Athens
- Greece
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Gou H, Yonke BL, Epshteyn A, Kim DY, Smith JS, Strobel TA. Pressure-induced polymerization of P(CN)3. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:194503. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4919640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Gou
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - Brendan L. Yonke
- NRC Postdoctoral Associate, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Albert Epshteyn
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Duck Young Kim
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
| | - Jesse S. Smith
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Timothy A. Strobel
- Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 5251 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA
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Laniel D, Downie LE, Smith JS, Savard D, Murugesu M, Desgreniers S. High pressure study of a highly energetic nitrogen-rich carbon nitride, cyanuric triazide. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:234506. [PMID: 25527947 DOI: 10.1063/1.4902984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanuric triazide (CTA), a nitrogen-rich energetic material, was compressed in a diamond anvil cell up to 63.2 GPa. Samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, Raman, and infrared spectroscopy. A phase transition occurring between 29.8 and 30.7 GPa was found by all three techniques. The bulk modulus and its pressure derivative of the low pressure phase were determined by fitting the 300 K isothermal compression data to the Birch-Murnaghan equation of state. Due to the strong photosensitivity of CTA, synchrotron generated x-rays and visible laser radiation both lead to the progressive conversion of CTA into a two dimensional amorphous C=N network, starting from 9.2 GPa. As a result of the conversion, increasingly weak and broad x-ray diffraction lines were recorded from crystalline CTA as a function of pressure. Hence, a definite structure could not be obtained for the high pressure phase of CTA. Results from infrared spectroscopy carried out to 40.5 GPa suggest the high pressure formation of a lattice built of tri-tetrazole molecular units. The decompression study showed stability of the high pressure phase down to 13.9 GPa. Finally, two CTA samples, one loaded with neon and the other with nitrogen, used as pressure transmitting media, were laser-heated to approximately 1100 K and 1500 K while compressed at 37.7 GPa and 42.0 GPa, respectively. In both cases CTA decomposed resulting in amorphous compounds, as recovered at ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Laniel
- Laboratoire de physique des solides denses, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Laura E Downie
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Jesse S Smith
- High Pressure Collaborative Access Team, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Didier Savard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Serge Desgreniers
- Laboratoire de physique des solides denses, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Li S, Li Q, Xiong L, Li X, Li W, Cui W, Liu R, Liu J, Yang K, Liu B, Zou B. Effect of pressure on heterocyclic compounds: Pyrimidine and s-triazine. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:114902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4895523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shourui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lun Xiong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Wenbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wen Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facilities, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Bingbing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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