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Dryza V, Poad BLJ, Bieske EJ. Attaching molecular hydrogen to metal cations: perspectives from gas-phase infrared spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:14954-65. [PMID: 23034736 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp41622k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this perspective article we describe recent infrared spectroscopic investigations of mass-selected M(+)-H(2) and M(+)-D(2) complexes in the gas-phase, with targets that include Li(+)-H(2), B(+)-H(2), Na(+)-H(2), Mg(+)-H(2), Al(+)-H(2), Cr(+)-D(2), Mn(+)-H(2), Zn(+)-D(2) and Ag(+)-H(2). Interactions between molecular hydrogen and metal cations play a key role in several contexts, including in the storage of molecular hydrogen in zeolites, metal-organic frameworks, and doped carbon nanostructures. Arguably, the clearest view of the interaction between dihydrogen and a metal cation can be obtained by probing M(+)-H(2) complexes in the gas phase, free from the complicating influences of solvents or substrates. Infrared spectra of the complexes in the H-H and D-D stretch regions are obtained by monitoring M(+) photofragments as the excitation wavelength is scanned. The spectra, which feature full rotational resolution, confirm that the M(+)-H(2) complexes share a common T-shaped equilibrium structure, consisting essentially of a perturbed H(2) molecule attached to the metal cation, but that the structural and vibrational parameters vary over a considerable range, depending on the size and electronic structure of the metal cation. Correlations are established between intermolecular bond lengths, dissociation energies, and frequency shifts of the H-H stretch vibrational mode. Ultimately, the M(+)-H(2) and M(+)-D(2) infrared spectra provide a comprehensive set of benchmarks for modelling and understanding the M(+)···H(2) interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoras Dryza
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, Australia
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Ma S, Eckert J, Forster PM, Yoon JW, Hwang YK, Chang JS, Collier CD, Parise JB, Zhou HC. Further Investigation of the Effect of Framework Catenation on Hydrogen Uptake in Metal−Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:15896-902. [DOI: 10.1021/ja803492q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Juergen Eckert
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Paul M. Forster
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Ji Woong Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Young Kyu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Jong-San Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Christopher D. Collier
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - John B. Parise
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - Hong-Cai Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, Materials Research Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, Catalysis Center for Molecular Engineering, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Jang-dong 100, Yuseong-Gu, Daejon 305-600, Korea, and Mineral Physics Institute, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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Rowsell JLC, Yaghi OM. Effects of Functionalization, Catenation, and Variation of the Metal Oxide and Organic Linking Units on the Low-Pressure Hydrogen Adsorption Properties of Metal−Organic Frameworks. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:1304-15. [PMID: 16433549 DOI: 10.1021/ja056639q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1095] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The dihydrogen adsorption isotherms of eight metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), measured at 77 K up to a pressure of 1 atm, have been examined for correlations with their structural features. All materials display approximately Type I isotherms with no hysteresis, and saturation was not reached for any of the materials under these conditions. Among the six isoreticular MOFs (IRMOFs) studied, the catenated materials exhibit the largest capacities on a molar basis, up to 9.8 H(2) per formula unit. The addition of functional groups (-Br, -NH(2), -C(2)H(4)-) to the phenylene links of IRMOF-1 (MOF-5), or their replacement with thieno[3,2-b]thiophene moieties in IRMOF-20, altered the adsorption behavior by a minor amount despite large variations in the pore volumes of the resulting materials. In contrast, replacement of the metal oxide units with those containing coordinatively unsaturated metal sites resulted in greater H(2) uptake. The enhanced affinities of these materials, MOF-74 and HKUST-1, were further demonstrated by calculation of the isosteric heats of adsorption, which were larger across much of the range of coverage examined, compared to those of representative IRMOFs. The results suggest that under low-loading conditions, the H(2) adsorption behavior of MOFs can be improved by imparting larger charge gradients on the metal oxide units and adjusting the link metrics to constrict the pore dimensions; however, a large pore volume is still a prerequisite feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L C Rowsell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109, USA
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