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Devlin SW, Bernal F, Riffe EJ, Wilson KR, Saykally RJ. Spiers Memorial Lecture: Water at interfaces. Faraday Discuss 2024; 249:9-37. [PMID: 37795954 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00147d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
In this article we discuss current issues in the context of the four chosen subtopics for the meeting: dynamics and nano-rheology of interfacial water, electrified/charged aqueous interfaces, ice interfaces, and soft matter/water interfaces. We emphasize current advances in both theory and experiment, as well as important practical manifestations and areas of unresolved controversy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane W Devlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Franky Bernal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Erika J Riffe
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kevin R Wilson
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Richard J Saykally
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Smith JW, Saykally RJ. Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Liquids and Solutions. Chem Rev 2017; 117:13909-13934. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob W. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richard J. Saykally
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Lam RK, Shih O, Smith JW, Sheardy AT, Rizzuto AM, Prendergast D, Saykally RJ. Erratum: “Electrokinetic detection for x-ray spectra of weakly interacting liquids: n-decane and n-nonane” [J. Chem. Phys. 140, 234202 (2014)]. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:249902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4990053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Royce K. Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Orion Shih
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jacob W. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Alex T. Sheardy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Anthony M. Rizzuto
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - David Prendergast
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Richard J. Saykally
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Schön D, Xiao J, Golnak R, Tesch MF, Winter B, Velasco-Velez JJ, Aziz EF. Introducing Ionic-Current Detection for X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy in Liquid Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:2087-2092. [PMID: 28436663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Photons and electrons are two common relaxation products upon X-ray absorption, enabling fluorescence yield and electron yield detections for X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The ions that are created during the electron yield process are relaxation products too, which are exploited in this study to produce ion yield for XA detection. The ionic currents measured in a liquid cell filled with water or iron(III) nitrate aqueous solutions exhibit characteristic O K-edge and Fe L-edge absorption profiles as a function of excitation energy. Application of two electrodes installed in the cell is crucial for obtaining the XA spectra of the liquids behind membranes. Using a single electrode can only probe the species adsorbed on the membrane surface. The ionic-current detection, termed as total ion yield (TIY) in this study, also produces an undistorted Fe L-edge XA spectrum, indicating its promising role as a novel detection method for XAS studies in liquid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Schön
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jie Xiao
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronny Golnak
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc F Tesch
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Winter
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Emad F Aziz
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Victoria 3800, Australia
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Fransson T, Harada Y, Kosugi N, Besley NA, Winter B, Rehr JJ, Pettersson LGM, Nilsson A. X-ray and Electron Spectroscopy of Water. Chem Rev 2016; 116:7551-69. [PMID: 27244473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Here we present an overview of recent developments of X-ray and electron spectroscopy to probe water at different temperatures. Photon-induced ionization followed by detection of electrons from either the O 1s level or the valence band is the basis of photoelectron spectroscopy. Excitation between the O 1s and the unoccupied states or occupied states is utilized in X-ray absorption and X-ray emission spectroscopies. These techniques probe the electronic structure of the liquid phase and show sensitivity to the local hydrogen-bonding structure. Both experimental aspects related to the measurements and theoretical simulations to assist in the interpretation are discussed in detail. Different model systems are presented such as the different bulk phases of ice and various adsorbed monolayer structures on metal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fransson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University , S-581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yoshihisa Harada
- Institute for Solid State Physics (ISSP), The University of Tokyo , Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kosugi
- Institute for Molecular Science , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Nicholas A Besley
- Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The University of Nottingham , University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Bernd Winter
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz Center Berlin , Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - John J Rehr
- Department of Physics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Lars G M Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University , S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Nilsson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University , S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Ekimova M, Quevedo W, Faubel M, Wernet P, Nibbering ETJ. A liquid flatjet system for solution phase soft-x-ray spectroscopy. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2015; 2:054301. [PMID: 26798824 PMCID: PMC4711648 DOI: 10.1063/1.4928715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a liquid flatjet system for solution phase soft-x-ray spectroscopy. The flatjet set-up utilises the phenomenon of formation of stable liquid sheets upon collision of two identical laminar jets. Colliding the two single water jets, coming out of the nozzles with 50 μm orifices, under an impact angle of 48° leads to double sheet formation, of which the first sheet is 4.6 mm long and 1.0 mm wide. The liquid flatjet operates fully functional under vacuum conditions (<10(-3) mbar), allowing soft-x-ray spectroscopy of aqueous solutions in transmission mode. We analyse the liquid water flatjet thickness under atmospheric pressure using interferomeric or mid-infrared transmission measurements and under vacuum conditions by measuring the absorbance of the O K-edge of water in transmission, and comparing our results with previously published data obtained with standing cells with Si3N4 membrane windows. The thickness of the first liquid sheet is found to vary between 1.4-3 μm, depending on the transverse and longitudinal position in the liquid sheet. We observe that the derived thickness is of similar magnitude under 1 bar and under vacuum conditions. A catcher unit facilitates the recycling of the solutions, allowing measurements on small sample volumes (∼10 ml). We demonstrate the applicability of this approach by presenting measurements on the N K-edge of aqueous NH4 (+). Our results suggest the high potential of using liquid flatjets in steady-state and time-resolved studies in the soft-x-ray regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ekimova
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie , Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilson Quevedo
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research , Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manfred Faubel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Dynamik und Selbstorganisation , Am Fassberg 17, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philippe Wernet
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research , Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Erik T J Nibbering
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie , Max-Born-Str. 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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