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Cui Y, Rushing JC, Seifert S, Bedford NM, Kuroda DG. Structural and dynamical changes observed when transitioning from an ionic liquid to a deep eutectic solvent. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:054507. [PMID: 34364351 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The microscopic molecular structure and dynamics of a new deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of an ionic liquid (1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) and an amide (trifluoroacetamide) at various molar ratios were investigated using linear and non-linear infrared spectroscopy with a vibrational probe. The use of the ionic liquid allows us to investigate the changes that the system undergoes with the addition of the amide or, equivalently, the changes from an ionic liquid to a DES. Our studies revealed that the vibrational probe in the DES senses a very similar local environment irrespective of the cation chemical structure. In addition, the amide also appears to perceive the same molecular environment. The concentration dependence studies also showed that the amide changes from being isolated from other amides in the ionic liquid environment to an environment where the amide-amide interactions are favored. In the case of the vibrational probe, the addition of the amide produced significant changes in the slow dynamics associated with the making and breaking of the ionic cages but did not affect the rattling-in-cage motions perceived by it. Furthermore, the concentration dependence of slow dynamics showed two regimes which are linked to the changes in the overall structure of the solution. These observations are interpreted in the context of a nanoscopic heterogeneous environment in the DES which, according to the observed dynamical regimes, appears at very large concentrations of the amide (molar ratio of greater than 1:1) since for lower amide molar ratios, the amide appears to be not segregated from the ionic liquid. This proposed molecular picture is supported by small angle x-ray scattering experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Jeramie C Rushing
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - Soenke Seifert
- X-Ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Nicholas M Bedford
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Daniel G Kuroda
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
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Fica-Contreras SM, Daniels R, Yassin O, Hoffman DJ, Pan J, Sotzing G, Fayer MD. Long Vibrational Lifetime R-Selenocyanate Probes for Ultrafast Infrared Spectroscopy: Properties and Synthesis. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8907-8918. [PMID: 34339200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c04939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast infrared vibrational spectroscopy is widely used for the investigation of dynamics in systems from water to model membranes. Because the experimental observation window is limited to a few times the probe's vibrational lifetime, a frequent obstacle for the measurement of a broad time range is short molecular vibrational lifetimes (typically a few to tens of picoseconds). Five new long-lifetime aromatic selenocyanate vibrational probes have been synthesized and their vibrational properties characterized. These probes are compared to commercial phenyl selenocyanate. The vibrational lifetimes range between ∼400 and 500 ps in complex solvents, which are some of the longest room-temperature vibrational lifetimes reported to date. In contrast to vibrations that are long-lived in simple solvents such as CCl4, but become much shorter in complex solvents, the probes discussed here have ∼400 ps lifetimes in complex solvents and even longer in simple solvents. One of them has a remarkable lifetime of 1235 ps in CCl4. These probes have a range of molecular sizes and geometries that can make them useful for placement into different complex materials due to steric reasons, and some of them have functionalities that enable their synthetic incorporation into larger molecules, such as industrial polymers. We investigated the effect of a range of electron-donating and electron-withdrawing para-substituents on the vibrational properties of the CN stretch. The probes have a solvent-independent linear relationship to the Hammett substituent parameter when evaluated with respect to the CN vibrational frequency and the ipso 13C NMR chemical shift.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Daniels
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Omer Yassin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - David J Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Junkun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Gregory Sotzing
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Michael D Fayer
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Thielges MC. Transparent window 2D IR spectroscopy of proteins. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:040903. [PMID: 34340394 PMCID: PMC8302233 DOI: 10.1063/5.0052628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins are complex, heterogeneous macromolecules that exist as ensembles of interconverting states on a complex energy landscape. A complete, molecular-level understanding of their function requires experimental tools to characterize them with high spatial and temporal precision. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has an inherently fast time scale that can capture all states and their dynamics with, in principle, bond-specific spatial resolution. Two-dimensional (2D) IR methods that provide richer information are becoming more routine but remain challenging to apply to proteins. Spectral congestion typically prevents selective investigation of native vibrations; however, the problem can be overcome by site-specific introduction of amino acid side chains that have vibrational groups with frequencies in the "transparent window" of protein spectra. This Perspective provides an overview of the history and recent progress in the development of transparent window 2D IR of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C. Thielges
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington,
Indiana 47405, USA
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Tumbic GW, Hossan MY, Thielges MC. Protein Dynamics by Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2021; 14:299-321. [PMID: 34314221 PMCID: PMC8713465 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091520-091009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Proteins function as ensembles of interconverting structures. The motions span from picosecond bond rotations to millisecond and longer subunit displacements. Characterization of functional dynamics on all spatial and temporal scales remains challenging experimentally. Two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy (2D IR) is maturing as a powerful approach for investigating proteins and their dynamics. We outline the advantages of IR spectroscopy, describe 2D IR and the information it provides, and introduce vibrational groups for protein analysis. We highlight example studies that illustrate the power and versatility of 2D IR for characterizing protein dynamics and conclude with a brief discussion of the outlook for biomolecular 2D IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran W Tumbic
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401, USA;
| | - Md Yeathad Hossan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401, USA;
| | - Megan C Thielges
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401, USA;
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Hori E, Yoshida S, Fuchigami T, Haratake M, Nakayama M. Cardiac myoglobin participates in the metabolic pathway of selenium in rats. Metallomics 2019; 10:614-622. [PMID: 29578234 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00011e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
As an essential micronutrient, selenium deficiency is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. The heart is continuously beating to deliver blood to the entire body, and this requires a high amount of energy. An adult heart normally obtains 50-70% of its adenosine 5'-triphosphate from fatty acid β-oxidation. An increase in fatty acid oxidation activity induces the generation of larger amounts of by-products (reactive oxygen species, ROS) from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases play a critical role in the removal of these ROS, especially organic hydroperoxides, from the heart. The definitive transport and/or detailed metabolic pathways from the selenium-source compounds to the selenoproteins in the heart still remain unclear. We explored the selenium-binding proteins in a rat cardiac cell lysate using its reactive metabolic intermediate, selenotrisulfide (STS), and MALDI TOF-mass spectrometry. Several proteins with a free cysteine (Cys) thiol were found to be reactive with STS through a thiol-exchange reaction. The most distinctive Cys-containing protein in the cardiac cell lysate was identified as myoglobin (Mb) from a rat protein database search and tryptic fragmentation experiments. When separately examined in selenium adequate rats, selenium-binding to the cardiac Mb was verified using selenium-specific fluorometry. Cardiac Mb is thought to participate in the selenium metabolic pathway in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Hori
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
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Kossowska D, Kwak K, Cho M. Do Osmolytes Impact the Structure and Dynamics of Myoglobin? Molecules 2018; 23:E3189. [PMID: 30513982 PMCID: PMC6321238 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osmolytes are small organic compounds that can affect the stability of proteins in living cells. The mechanism of osmolytes' protective effects on protein structure and dynamics has not been fully explained, but in general, two possibilities have been suggested and examined: a direct interaction of osmolytes with proteins (water replacement hypothesis), and an indirect interaction (vitrification hypothesis). Here, to investigate these two possible mechanisms, we studied myoglobin-osmolyte systems using FTIR, UV-vis, CD, and femtosecond IR pump-probe spectroscopy. Interestingly, noticeable changes are observed in both the lifetime of the CO stretch of CO-bound myoglobin and the spectra of UV-vis, CD, and FTIR upon addition of the osmolytes. In addition, the temperature-dependent CD studies reveal that the protein's thermal stability depends on molecular structure, hydrogen-bonding ability, and size of osmolytes. We anticipate that the present experimental results provide important clues about the complicated and intricate mechanism of osmolyte effects on protein structure and dynamics in a crowded cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kossowska
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea.
| | - Minhaeng Cho
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, Korea.
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Zhang J, Wang L, Zhang J, Zhu J, Pan X, Cui Z, Wang J, Fang W, Li Y. Identifying and Modulating Accidental Fermi Resonance: 2D IR and DFT Study of 4-Azido-l-phenylalanine. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:8122-8133. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b03887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangrui Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- College of Physics and Electric Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Cui
- College of Physics and Electric Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangyun Wang
- Laboratory of RNA Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihai Fang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunliang Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
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Lee G, Kossowska D, Lim J, Kim S, Han H, Kwak K, Cho M. Cyanamide as an Infrared Reporter: Comparison of Vibrational Properties between Nitriles Bonded to N and C Atoms. J Phys Chem B 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giseong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Dorota Kossowska
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Joonhyung Lim
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Soobin Kim
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Hogyu Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Minhaeng Cho
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 02841, Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Chalyavi F, Hogle DG, Tucker MJ. Tyrosine as a Non-perturbing Site-Specific Vibrational Reporter for Protein Dynamics. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:6380-6389. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b04999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Chalyavi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - David G. Hogle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
| | - Matthew J. Tucker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, 1664 N. Virginia Street, Reno, Nevada 89557, United States
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Kundu A, Kwak K, Cho M. Water Structure at the Lipid Multibilayer Surface: Anionic Versus Cationic Head Group Effects. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:5002-7. [PMID: 27171689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b02340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Membrane water interface is a potential reaction site for many biochemical reactions. Therefore, a molecular level understanding of water structure and dynamics that strongly depend on the chemical structure of lipid is prerequisite for elucidating the role of water in biological reactions on membrane surface. Recently, we carried out femtosecond infrared pump-probe studies of water structure and dynamics at multibilayer surfaces of zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine-analogue lipid ( J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2016 , 7 , 741 ). Here, to further elucidate the anionic and cationic headgroup effects on water, we study vibrational dynamics of water on lipid multibilayers formed by anionic phospho-glycerol lipid molecules as well as by cationic choline-derivatized lipid molecules. We observed two significantly different vibrational lifetime components (very fast 0.5 ps and slow 1.9 ps) of the OD stretch mode of HOD molecules at the negatively charged phospho-lipid multibilayer whereas only one vibrational lifetime component (1.6 ps) was observed at the positively charged choline-derivatized lipid multibilayer. From the detailed analyses about the vibrational energy and rotational relaxations of HOD molecules in lipid multibilayers composed of anionic lipid with phosphate and cationic lipid without phosphate, the role of phosphate group in structuring water molecules at phospholipid membrane interface is revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achintya Kundu
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhaeng Cho
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Ultrafast Structural Fluctuations of Myoglobin-Bound Thiocyanate and Selenocyanate Ions Measured with Two-Dimensional Infrared Photon Echo Spectroscopy. Chemphyschem 2015; 16:3468-76. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201500606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectroscopy has recently emerged as a powerful tool with applications in many areas of scientific research. The inherent high time resolution coupled with bond-specific spatial resolution of IR spectroscopy enable direct characterization of rapidly interconverting species and fast processes, even in complex systems found in chemistry and biology. In this minireview, we briefly outline the fundamental principles and experimental procedures of 2D IR spectroscopy. Using illustrative example studies, we explain the important features of 2D IR spectra and their capability to elucidate molecular structure and dynamics. Primarily, this minireview aims to convey the scope and potential of 2D IR spectroscopy by highlighting select examples of recent applications including the use of innate or introduced vibrational probes for the study of nucleic acids, peptides/proteins, and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Le Sueur
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, 47405, USA.
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Tookmanian EM, Fenlon EE, Brewer SH. Synthesis and Protein Incorporation of Azido-Modified Unnatural Amino Acids. RSC Adv 2014; 5:1274-1281. [PMID: 26478813 PMCID: PMC4603873 DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14244f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new azidophenylalanine residues (3 and 4) have been synthesized and, in combination with 4-azido-L-phenylalanine (1) and 4-azidomethyl-L-phenylalanine (2), form a series of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) containing the azide vibrational reporter at varying distances from the aromatic ring of phenylalanine. These UAAs were designed to probe protein hydration with high spatial resolution by utilizing the large extinction coefficient and environmental sensitivity of the azide asymmetric stretch vibration. The sensitivity of the azide reporters was investigated in solvents that mimic distinct local protein environments. Three of the four azido-modified phenylalanine residues were successfully genetically incorporated into a surface site in superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP) utilizing an engineered, orthogonal aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in response to an amber codon with high efficiency and fidelity. SDS-PAGE and ESI-Q-TOF mass analysis verified the site-specific incorporation of these UAAs. The observed azide asymmetric stretch in the linear IR spectra of these UAAs incorporated into sfGFP indicated that the azide groups were hydrated in the protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise M. Tookmanian
- Franklin & Marshall College, Department of Chemistry, Lancaster, PA 17604-3003 USA
| | - Edward E. Fenlon
- Franklin & Marshall College, Department of Chemistry, Lancaster, PA 17604-3003 USA
| | - Scott H. Brewer
- Franklin & Marshall College, Department of Chemistry, Lancaster, PA 17604-3003 USA
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