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Qiu C, Li X, Li Z, Yang L, Wang W, Xu F, Ding CF. Simulation study of three new quadrupole ion funnels to improve low-mass ion transmission. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2023; 37:e9648. [PMID: 37953544 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE By applying radio frequency (RF) and direct current (DC) voltages to corresponding ring electrodes, ion funnel (IF) can efficiently focus and transmit ions. However, IF has an inherent mass discrimination problem that will greatly limit low mass-to-charge (m/z) ion focusing and transmission. To improve the transmission efficiency (TE) of the IF, this paper explores three new profile quadrupole ion funnels (QIF). METHODS Computer simulations of the potential field distributions of QIFs and conventional IFs were performed to assess their focusing characteristics. To compare the TE, ion optics simulation programs SIMION and AXSIM were used to perform a series of simulations. Three QIF types (toroidal, cylindrical, and hyperbolic configurations) were used to improve ion TE, and their transmission and focus performance were also compared with conventional IF. RESULTS By simulating the trajectories of ions in the IF, the optimum electrical parameters for three new QIFs were obtained and compared with conventional IFs, with TE improvements recorded for m/z < 100 of 16%, 20%, and 13%. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that studying these three new IF configurations has great research significance for improving sensitivity to low m/z ions in mass spectrometer instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Qiu
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weimin Wang
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Fuxing Xu
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chuan-Fan Ding
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Mass Spectrometry, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Feng C, Liu S, Jiang T, Xu W. Multiplexing Quadrupole and Ion Trap Operation Modes on a "Brick" Miniature Mass Spectrometer. Molecules 2023; 28:7640. [PMID: 38005361 PMCID: PMC10674918 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although a quadruple mass analyzer and an ion trap mass analyzer have complementary analytical features, they usually have different geometries, operational modes, and electronic control systems. As a continuous effort to extend its coverage, both quadrupole and ion trap operation modes were realized on a "brick" miniature mass spectrometer with a single mass analyzer. In the quadrupole operation mode, low-mass ions ranging from 31 to 502 Th can be analyzed. On the other hand, the ion trap mode can be utilized to cover ions with higher mass to charge ratios (up to 922 Th), as well as performing tandem mass spectrometry. To realize the multiplexing of both operation modes, a printed circuit board (PCB)-based multi-electrode quadrupole-ion trap mass analyzer was designed and integrated in the system. To cover both volatile and non-volatile molecules, two ionization sources were also implemented, including a nano electrospray ionization source and an in-vacuum plasma ionization source. Performances of the instrument operated in these two modes were characterized, such as mass resolution, sensitivity, and mass range. Results demonstrate that the combination of the quadrupole and ion trap operation modes can provide new capabilities when solving analytical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ting Jiang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (C.F.); (S.L.)
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (C.F.); (S.L.)
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Zhang Q, Bao X, Liang Q, Sun Q, Xu W, Zou X, Huang C, Shen C, Chu Y. Evaluation of a New DC-Ion Funnel Drift Tube for Use in Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7174-7180. [PMID: 35536750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed and characterized a novel drift tube called the direct current-ion funnel (DC-ion funnel) drift tube, consisting of 20 traditional ring electrodes and 5 new DC-focusing electrodes (DC-FEs) for use in proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). Ion trajectory simulations demonstrate the ion focusing effect of the DC-FE and DC-ion funnel drift tube. Further comparative experiments show that the PTR-MS with the novel DC-ion funnel drift tube has a higher sensitivity (3.8-7.3 times for the volatile organic compounds considered in this work) than the PTR-MS with a traditional drift tube. Different from conventional radiofrequency (rf) focusing methods, the DC-ion funnel drift tube can realize ion focusing with only a DC electric field and no additional rf power supply, which makes it especially suitable for instruments requiring miniaturization and low power consumption to improve detection sensitivity. In addition, the DC-ion funnel drift tube can easily be coupled to other types of mass spectrometers to increase their detection sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangling Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Xun Bao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qu Liang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qin Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xue Zou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Chengyin Shen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China.,Hefei Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
| | - Yannan Chu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, P. R. China
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4
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Research Progress and Application of Ion Funnel Technique. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(18)61133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Zhai Y, Zhang X, Xu H, Zheng Y, Yuan T, Xu W. Mini Mass Spectrometer Integrated with a Miniature Ion Funnel. Anal Chem 2017; 89:4177-4183. [PMID: 28252284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhai
- State Key Laboratory
Explosion Science and Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Anyeep Instrumentation Company, Suzhou 215129, China
| | - Hualei Xu
- State Key Laboratory
Explosion Science and Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongchang Zheng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- College of Information Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory
Explosion Science and Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Kern B, Greisch JF, Strelnikov D, Weis P, Böttcher A, Ruben M, Schäfer B, Schooss D, Kappes MM. Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of Mass-Selected Electrosprayed Ions Embedded in Cryogenic Rare-Gas Matrixes. Anal Chem 2015; 87:11901-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Kern
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jean-François Greisch
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Dmitry Strelnikov
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Patrick Weis
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Artur Böttcher
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schäfer
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Detlef Schooss
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Manfred M. Kappes
- Institute of Physical
Chemistry II, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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