1
|
Jia Y, Xu CQ, Cui C, Geng L, Zhang H, Zhang YY, Lin S, Yao J, Luo Z, Li J. Rh 19-: A high-spin super-octahedron cluster. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi0214. [PMID: 37585530 PMCID: PMC10431703 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Probing atomic clusters with magic numbers is of supreme importance but challenging in cluster science. Pronounced stability of a metal cluster often arises from coincident geometric and electronic shell closures. However, transition metal clusters do not simply abide by this constraint. Here, we report the finding of a magic-number cluster Rh19- with prominent inertness in the sufficient gas-collision reactions. Photoelectron spectroscopy experiments and global-minimum structure search have determined the geometry of Rh19- to be a regular Oh‑[Rh@Rh12@Rh6]- with unusual high-spin electronic configuration. The distinct stability of such a strongly magnetic cluster Rh19- consisting of a nonmagnetic element is fully unveiled on the basis of its unique bonding nature and superatomic states. The 1-nanometer-sized Oh-Rh19- cluster corresponds to a fragment of the face-centered cubic lattice of bulk rhodium but with altered magnetism and electronic property. This cluster features exceptional electron-spin state isomers confirmed in photoelectron spectra and suggests potential applications in atomically precise manufacturing involving spintronics and quantum computing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chaonan Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lijun Geng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shiquan Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhixun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fielicke A. Probing the binding and activation of small molecules by gas-phase transition metal clusters via IR spectroscopy. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37162518 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00104g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Isolated transition metal clusters have been established as useful models for extended metal surfaces or deposited metal particles, to improve the understanding of their surface chemistry and of catalytic reactions. For this objective, an important milestone has been the development of experimental methods for the size-specific structural characterization of clusters and cluster complexes in the gas phase. This review focusses on the characterization of molecular ligands, their binding and activation by small transition metal clusters, using cluster-size specific infrared action spectroscopy. A comprehensive overview and a critical discussion of the experimental data available to date is provided, reaching from the initial results obtained using line-tuneable CO2 lasers to present-day studies applying infrared free electron lasers as well as other intense and broadly tuneable IR laser sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Suzuki T, Kato K, Tanaka H, Isoyama K, Kanya R, Yamanouchi K. Determination of geometrical structure of CCl3+ by trapped-ion electron diffraction. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
4
|
Bumüller D, Yohannes AG, Kohaut S, Kondov I, Kappes MM, Fink K, Schooss D. Structures of Small Platinum Cluster Anions Pt n-: Experiment and Theory. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:3502-3510. [PMID: 35617126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The structures of platinum cluster anions Pt6--Pt13- have been investigated by trapped ion electron diffraction. Structures were assigned by comparing experimental and simulated scattering functions using candidate structures obtained by density functional theory computations, including spin-orbit coupling. We find a structural evolution from planar structures (Pt6-, Pt7-) and amorphous-like structures (Pt7--Pt9-) to structures based on distorted tetrahedra (Pt9--Pt11-). Finally, Pt12- and Pt13- are based on hcp fragments. While the structural parameters are well described by density functional theory computations for all clusters studied, the predicted lowest energy structure is found in the experiment only for Pt6-. For larger clusters, higher energy isomers are necessary to obtain a fit to the scattering data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Bumüller
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Asfaw G Yohannes
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Steinbuch Centre for Computing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stephan Kohaut
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ivan Kondov
- Steinbuch Centre for Computing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karin Fink
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Detlef Schooss
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mason JL, Folluo CN, Jarrold CC. More than little fragments of matter: Electronic and molecular structures of clusters. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:200901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0054222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jarrett L. Mason
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Carley N. Folluo
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kraft M, Flores JR, Klopper W, Kappes MM, Schooss D. Structures of Small Tantalum Cluster Anions: Experiment and Theory. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3135-3145. [PMID: 33830770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present a study of the structural evolution of tantalum cluster anions Tan-, 6 ≤ n ≤ 13 using a combination of trapped ion electron diffraction (TIED) experiments with a variety of electronic structure methods. A genetic algorithm has been employed to establish a set of likely structures for each cluster, their geometries and energetics have been studied by density functional theory (DFT), random phase approximation, and two-component (2C) DFT methods, which include spin-orbit coupling. We find octahedral structures for Ta6- and Ta8- as well as structures based on the pentagonal bipyramid (Ta7- and Ta9-). Ta10--Ta12- are defective icosahedral structures and Ta13- is a distorted icosahedron. For most clusters, we find a good agreement between the theoretically predicted ground-state structures, especially those determined by the 2C method and the TIED results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Kraft
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jesús R Flores
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Wim Klopper
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Detlef Schooss
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Herrmann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Koyasu K, Tomihara R, Nagata T, Wu JWJ, Nakano M, Ohshimo K, Misaizu F, Tsukuda T. Sequential growth of iridium cluster anions based on simple cubic packing. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:17842-17846. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03122d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ion mobility measurements and DFT calculations revealed cubic growth of Irn− in contrast to fcc structures in bulk and nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiichirou Koyasu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
- The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries (ESICB)
| | - Ryohei Tomihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
- The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nagata
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Jenna W. J. Wu
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Nakano
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Keijiro Ohshimo
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Fuminori Misaizu
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tsukuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science
- The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo
- Tokyo 113-0033
- Japan
- Elements Strategy Initiative for Catalysts & Batteries (ESICB)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kohaut S, Rapps T, Fink K, Schooss D. Structural Evolution of Palladium Clusters Pd55––Pd147–: Transition to the Bulk. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10940-10946. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kohaut
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Thomas Rapps
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Karin Fink
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Detlef Schooss
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
DFT calculations in periodic boundary conditions of gas-phase acidities and of transition-metal anionic clusters: case study with carboxylate-stabilized ruthenium clusters. Theor Chem Acc 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-019-2484-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
Yang H, Goudeli E, Hogan CJ. Condensation and dissociation rates for gas phase metal clusters from molecular dynamics trajectory calculations. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:164304. [PMID: 29716223 DOI: 10.1063/1.5026689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In gas phase synthesis systems, clusters form and grow via condensation, in which a monomer binds to an existing cluster. While a hard-sphere equation is frequently used to predict the condensation rate coefficient, this equation neglects the influences of potential interactions and cluster internal energy on the condensation process. Here, we present a collision rate theory-molecular dynamics simulation approach to calculate condensation probabilities and condensation rate coefficients. We use this approach to examine atomic condensation onto 6-56-atom Au and Mg clusters. The probability of condensation depends upon the initial relative velocity (v) between atom and cluster and the initial impact parameter (b). In all cases, there is a well-defined region of b-v space where condensation is highly probable, and outside of which the condensation probability drops to zero. For Au clusters with more than 10 atoms, we find that at gas temperatures in the 300-1200 K range, the condensation rate coefficient exceeds the hard-sphere rate coefficient by a factor of 1.5-2.0. Conversely, for Au clusters with 10 or fewer atoms and for 14- and 28-atom Mg clusters, as cluster equilibration temperature increases, the condensation rate coefficient drops to values below the hard-sphere rate coefficient. Calculations also yield the self-dissociation rate coefficient, which is found to vary considerably with gas temperature. Finally, calculations results reveal that grazing (high b) atom-cluster collisions at elevated velocity (>1000 m s-1) can result in the colliding atom rebounding (bounce) from the cluster surface or binding while another atom dissociates (replacement). The presented method can be applied in developing rate equations to predict material formation and growth rates in vapor phase systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Eirini Goudeli
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Christopher J Hogan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 111 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hübner O, Himmel HJ. Metal Cluster Models for Heterogeneous Catalysis: A Matrix-Isolation Perspective. Chemistry 2018; 24:8941-8961. [PMID: 29457854 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal cluster models are of high relevance for establishing new mechanistic concepts for heterogeneous catalysis. The high reactivity and particular selectivity of metal clusters is caused by the wealth of low-lying electronically excited states that are often thermally populated. Thereby the metal clusters are flexible with regard to their electronic structure and can adjust their states to be appropriate for the reaction with a particular substrate. The matrix isolation technique is ideally suited for studying excited state reactivity. The low matrix temperatures (generally 4-40 K) of the noble gas matrix host guarantee that all clusters are in their electronic ground-state (with only a very few exceptions). Electronically excited states can then be selectively populated and their reactivity probed. Unfortunately, a systematic research in this direction has not been made up to date. The purpose of this review is to provide the grounds for a directed approach to understand cluster reactivity through matrix-isolation studies combined with quantum chemical calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Hübner
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Himmel
- Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dillinger S, Klein MP, Steiner A, McDonald DC, Duncan MA, Kappes MM, Niedner-Schatteburg G. Cryo IR Spectroscopy of N 2 and H 2 on Ru 8+: The Effect of N 2 on the H-Migration. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:914-918. [PMID: 29406747 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present the cryo IR-PD spectra of the coadsorbed [Ru8(H2)1(N2)4]+ and [Ru8(N2)4(H2)1]+ species differing in the adsorption sequence of H2 and N2, which we record via application of tandem cryo ion trapping. We observe strong evidence for dissociative H2 adsorption, and the spectra reveal differences in the Ru-H stretching region, which we assign to distal and proximal hydrogen atom locations on the Ru8+ cluster, their migration likely hindered by preloaded nitrogen molecules and unaffected by subsequent N2 adsorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dillinger
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern , 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Matthias P Klein
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern , 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Annika Steiner
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern , 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - David C McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Michael A Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Manfred M Kappes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Fritz-Haber-Weg 2, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) , Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Gereon Niedner-Schatteburg
- Fachbereich Chemie and Forschungszentrum OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern , 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cusinato L, Martínez-Prieto LM, Chaudret B, Del Rosal I, Poteau R. Theoretical characterization of the surface composition of ruthenium nanoparticles in equilibrium with syngas. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:10974-10992. [PMID: 27172520 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01191h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A deeper understanding of the relationship between experimental reaction conditions and the surface composition of nanoparticles is crucial in order to elucidate mechanisms involved in nanocatalysis. In the framework of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, a resolution of this complex puzzle requires a detailed understanding of the interaction of CO and H with the surface of the catalyst. In this context, the single- and co-adsorption of CO and H to the surface of a 1 nm ruthenium nanoparticle has been investigated with density functional theory. Using several indexes (d-band center, crystal overlap Hamilton population, density of states), a systematic analysis of the bond properties and of the electronic states has also been done, in order to bring an understanding of structure/property relationships at the nanoscale. The H : CO surface composition of this ruthenium nanoparticle exposed to syngas has been evaluated according to a thermodynamic model fed with DFT energies. Such ab initio thermodynamic calculations give access to the optimal H : CO coverage values under a wide range of experimental conditions, through the construction of free energy phase diagrams. Surprisingly, under the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis experimental conditions, and in agreement with new experiments, only CO species are adsorbed at the surface of the nanoparticle. These findings shed new light on the possible reaction pathways underlying the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and specifically the initiation of the reaction. It is finally shown that the joint knowledge of the surface composition and energy descriptors can help to identify possible reaction intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Cusinato
- Université de Toulouse; INSA, UPS, CNRS; LPCNO (IRSAMC), 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Priest C, Tang Q, Jiang DE. Structural Evolution of Tcn (n = 4–20) Clusters from First-Principles Global Minimization. J Phys Chem A 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b04015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chad Priest
- Department of Chemistry, University California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - De-en Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University California, 501 Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| |
Collapse
|