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He D, Hong Q, Li F, Sun Q, Si T, Luo X. Experimental and numerical studies on the thermal nonequilibrium behaviors of CO with Ar, He, and H2. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:234302. [PMID: 38108486 DOI: 10.1063/5.0176176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The time-dependent rotational and vibrational temperatures were measured to study the shock-heated thermal nonequilibrium behaviors of CO with Ar, He, and H2 as collision partners. Three interference-free transition lines in the fundamental vibrational band of CO were applied to the fast, in situ, and state-specific measurements. Vibrational relaxation times of CO were summarized over a temperature range of 1110-2820 K behind reflected shocks. The measured rotational temperature instantaneously reached an equilibrium state behind shock waves. The measured vibrational temperature experienced a relaxation process before reaching the equilibrium state. The measured vibrational temperature time histories were compared with predictions based on the Landau-Teller model and the state-to-state approach. The state-to-state approach treats the vibrational energy levels of CO as pseudo-species and accurately describes the detailed thermal nonequilibrium processes behind shock waves. The datasets of state-specific inelastic rate coefficients of CO-Ar, CO-He, CO-CO, and CO-H2 collisions were calculated in this study using the mixed quantum-classical method and the semiclassical forced harmonic oscillator model. The predictions based on the state-to-state approach agreed well with the measured data and nonequilibrium (non-Boltzmann) vibrational distributions were found in the post-shock regions, while the Landau-Teller model predicted slower vibrational temperature time histories than the measured data. Modifications were applied to the Millikan-White vibrational relaxation data of the CO-Ar and CO-H2 systems to improve the performance of the Landau-Teller model. In addition, the thermal nonequilibrium processes behind incident shocks, the acceleration effects of H2O on the relaxation process of CO, and the characterization of vibrational temperature were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong He
- Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Qizhen Hong
- State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanhua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Si
- Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xisheng Luo
- Deep Space Exploration Laboratory, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of High Temperature Gas Dynamics, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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2
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Tretyakov MY, Serov EA, Makarov DS, Vilkov IN, Golubiatnikov GY, Galanina TA, Koshelev MA, Balashov AA, Simonova AA, Thibault F. Pure rotational R(0) and R(1) lines of CO in Ar baths: experimental broadening, shifting and mixing parameters in a wide pressure range versus ab initio calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:1310-1330. [PMID: 36533685 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04917a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The results of a rigorous study of the two first pure rotational transitions of CO perturbed by Ar are presented. The experimental part is based on the use of three different spectrometers covering together the pressure range from 0.02 up to 1500 torr. The measurement results of collisional line shape parameters are supported by fully ab initio calculations, which are in remarkable agreement with retrieved data. A sub-percent uncertainty of line intensity measurements is achieved and the first firm evidence that the resonance spectrum of CO is observed on the continual pedestal is given. We analyze the results of our ab initio calculations on the basis of early analytical theories and demonstrate a good general applicability of the latter to the CO-Ar collisional system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yu Tretyakov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
| | - E A Serov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
| | - D S Makarov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
| | - I N Vilkov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
| | - G Yu Golubiatnikov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
| | - T A Galanina
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
| | - M A Koshelev
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
| | - A A Balashov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanov str., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia.
| | - A A Simonova
- V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS, Tomsk, 634055, Russia
| | - F Thibault
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, F-35000, Rennes, France
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Borocci S, Grandinetti F, Sanna N. Concerning the Role of σ-Hole in Non-Covalent Interactions: Insights from the Study of the Complexes of ArBeO with Simple Ligands. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154477. [PMID: 34361629 PMCID: PMC8348141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure, stability, and bonding character of some exemplary LAr and L-ArBeO (L = He, Ne, Ar, N2, CO, F2, Cl2, ClF, HF, HCl, NH3) were investigated by MP2 and coupled-cluster calculations, and by symmetry-adapted perturbation theory. The nature of the stabilizing interactions was also assayed by the method recently proposed by the authors to classify the chemical bonds in noble-gas compounds. The comparative analysis of the LAr and L-ArBeO unraveled geometric and bonding effects peculiarly related to the σ-hole at the Ar atom of ArBeO, including the major stabilizing/destabilizing role of the electrostatic interactionensuing from the negative/positive molecular electrostatic potential of L at the contact zone with ArBeO. The role of the inductive and dispersive components was also assayed, making it possible to discern the factors governing the transition from the (mainly) dispersive domain of the LAr, to the σ-hole domain of the L-ArBeO. Our conclusions could be valid for various types of non-covalent interactions, especially those involving σ-holes of respectable strength such as those occurring in ArBeO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Borocci
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell’Università, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (S.B.); (N.S.)
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici del CNR, Via Salaria, Km 29.500, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Felice Grandinetti
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell’Università, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (S.B.); (N.S.)
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici del CNR, Via Salaria, Km 29.500, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-07-6135-7126
| | - Nico Sanna
- Dipartimento per la Innovazione nei Sistemi Biologici, Agroalimentari e Forestali (DIBAF), Università della Tuscia, L.go dell’Università, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy; (S.B.); (N.S.)
- Istituto per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Plasmi del CNR (ISTP), Via Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Quintas-Sánchez E, Dawes R, Lee K, McCarthy MC. Automated Construction of Potential Energy Surfaces Suitable to Describe van der Waals Complexes with Highly Excited Nascent Molecules: The Rotational Spectra of Ar-CS( v) and Ar-SiS( v). J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:4445-4454. [PMID: 32368913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some reactions produce extremely hot nascent products which nevertheless can form sufficiently long-lived van der Waals (vdW) complexes-with atoms or molecules from a bath gas-as to be observed via microwave spectroscopy. Theoretical calculations of such unbound resonance states can be much more challenging than ordinary bound-state calculations depending on the approach employed. One encounters not just the floppy, and perhaps multiwelled potential energy surface (PES) characteristic of vdWs complexes, but in addition, one must contend with excitation of the intramolecular modes and its corresponding influence on the PES. Straightforward computation of the (resonance) rovibrational levels of interest, involves the added complication of the unbound nature of the wave function, often treated with techniques such as introducing a complex absorbing potential. Here, we have demonstrated that a simplified approach of making a series of vibrationally effective PESs for the intermolecular coordinates-one for each reaction product vibrational quantum number of interest-can produce vdW levels for the complex with spectroscopic accuracy. This requires constructing a series of appropriately weighted lower-dimensional PESs for which we use our freely available PES-fitting code AUTOSURF. The applications of this study are the Ar-CS and Ar-SiS complexes, which are isovalent to Ar-CO and Ar-SiO, the latter of which we considered in a previously reported study. Using a series of vibrationally effective PESs, rovibrational levels and predicted microwave transition frequencies for both complexes were computed variationally. A series of shifting rotational transition frequencies were also computed as a function of the diatom vibrational quantum number. The predicted transitions were used to guide and inform an experimental effort to make complementary observations. Comparisons are given for the transitions that are within the range of the spectrometer and were successfully recorded. Calculations of the rovibrational level pattern agree to within 0.2% with experimental measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Quintas-Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Richard Dawes
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Kelvin Lee
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Michael C McCarthy
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Wang N, Wan MJ, Zhang CZ, Jin YY, Zhang WB, Chen SJ, Li S. Theoretical investigation on the low-lying electronic states of beryllium antimonide. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 208:124-130. [PMID: 30308396 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Λ-S electronic states with respect to the lowest four dissociation limits of BeSb are investigated theoretically on the icMRCI + Q level employing basis set of quintuple-ζ quality. The geometrical parameters, potential energy curves, vibrational energy levels, spectroscopic constants for the twelve Λ - S states are obtained, analyzed and compared with those of the Beryllium-VA group diatomic family species where data are available. The permanent dipole moments, transition dipole moments, Einstein emission coefficients, radiative lifetimes and Franck-Condon factors for interested Λ - S states are also derived. Further assessments of the spin-orbit coupling effect are performed for states associated with the first two dissociation asymptotes of BeSb. Four Λ - S states split into seven Ω states, and some of the PECs are distorted significantly through the spin-orbit coupling effect, which is similar to its isovalent diatomics BeAs. In consideration of potential risks of manipulating beryllium-containing species directly, the information associated with molecular structures, spectroscopic parameters as well as transition properties that provide in this paper is anticipated to serve as guidelines for further researches of BeSb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Ming-Jie Wan
- Computational Physics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Yibin University, Yibin, China
| | - Chuan-Zhao Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Jin
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wei-Bin Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Shan-Jun Chen
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Song Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.
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McCarthy MC, Ndengué SA, Dawes R. The rotational spectrum and potential energy surface of the Ar–SiO complex. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:134308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5048202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. McCarthy
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Steve Alexandre Ndengué
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
| | - Richard Dawes
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA
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Denis-Alpizar O, Bemish RJ, Meuwly M. Communication: Vibrational relaxation of CO(1Σ) in collision with Ar(1S) at temperatures relevant to the hypersonic flight regime. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:111102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4978498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Otoniel Denis-Alpizar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raymond J. Bemish
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Space Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Markus Meuwly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
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9
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Mahjoubi K, Benoit DM, Jaidane NE, Al-Mogren MM, Hochlaf M. Understanding of matrix embedding: a theoretical spectroscopic study of CO interacting with Ar clusters, surfaces and matrices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:17159-68. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01672j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Through benchmark studies, we explore the performance of PBE density functional theory, with and without Grimme's dispersion correction (DFT-D3), in predicting spectroscopic properties for molecules interacting with rare gas matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Mahjoubi
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique
- Moléculaire et Applications – LSAMA
- Université de Tunis El Manar
- Tunis
- Tunisia
| | - D. M. Benoit
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Hull
- HU6 7RX
- UK
| | - N.-E. Jaidane
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique
- Moléculaire et Applications – LSAMA
- Université de Tunis El Manar
- Tunis
- Tunisia
| | - M. Mogren Al-Mogren
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- King Saud University
- Riyadh 11451
- Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Hochlaf
- Université Paris-Est
- Laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation Multi Echelle
- MSME UMR 8208 CNRS
- 77454 Marne-la-Vallée
- France
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