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Nuermaimaiti A, Ning Y, Cramer JL, Svane KL, Hammer B, Gothelf KV, Linderoth TR. Influence of CH···N Interaction in the Self-Assembly of an Oligo(isoquinolyne-ethynylyne) Molecule with Distinct Conformational States. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10782-10791. [PMID: 28968110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular conformational flexibility can play an important role in supramolecular self-assembly on surfaces, affecting not least chiral molecular assemblies. To explicitly and systematically investigate the role of molecular conformational flexibility in surface self-assembly, we synthesized a three-bit conformational switch where each of three switching units on the molecules can assume one of two distinct binary positions on the surface. The molecules are designed to promote C-H···N type hydrogen bonds between the switching units. While supramolecular self-assembly based on strong hydrogen-bonding interactions has been widely explored, less is known about the role of such weaker directional interactions for surface self-assembly. The synthesized molecules consist of three nitrogen-containing isoquinoline (IQ) bits connected by ethynylene spokes and terminated by tert-butyl (tBu) groups. Using high-resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy, we investigate the self-assembly of the IQ-tBu molecules on a Au(111) surface under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions. The molecules form extended domains of brick-wall structure where the molecular backbones are packed regularly but without selection of specific molecular conformations. However, statistical analysis of the extended network demonstrates alignment/correlation for the orientations of the switching units indicating specific interactions. The primary interaction motifs in the structure are quantified from DFT calculations, showing that the brick-wall structure is indeed stabilized by two types of weak C-H···N bonds, involving either aromatic hydrogens on the IQ groups or nonaromatic hydrogens on the tBu groups. Analysis of the C-H···N interactions in the brick-wall structure explains the observed distribution and alignment of molecular conformations as well as the overall organization of the molecular surface structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajiguli Nuermaimaiti
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Yanxiao Ning
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jacob L Cramer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Katrine L Svane
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Bjørk Hammer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kurt V Gothelf
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Trolle R Linderoth
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Correlated rotational switching in two-dimensional self-assembled molecular rotor arrays. Nat Commun 2017; 8:16057. [PMID: 28675166 PMCID: PMC5500884 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular devices are capable of performing a number of functions from mechanical motion to simple computation. Their utility is somewhat limited, however, by difficulties associated with coupling them with either each other or with interfaces such as electrodes. Self-assembly of coupled molecular devices provides an option for the construction of larger entities that can more easily integrate with existing technologies. Here we demonstrate that ordered organometallic arrays can be formed spontaneously by reaction of precursor molecular rotor molecules with a metal surface. Scanning tunnelling microscopy enables individual rotors in the arrays to be switched and the resultant switches in neighbouring rotors imaged. The structure and dimensions of the ordered molecular rotor arrays dictate the correlated switching properties of the internal submolecular rotor units. Our results indicate that self-assembly of two-dimensional rotor crystals produces systems with correlated dynamics that would not have been predicted a priori. Single molecular machines are capable of a variety of functions, but methods to couple motion between them are still lacking. Here, Wasio et al. report the emergent behaviour of spontaneously formed two-dimensional crystals, which display correlated switching of their sub-molecular rotor units.
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Cheng C, Jiang Y, Liu CF, Zhang JD, Lai WY, Huang W. π-Extended Star-Shaped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons based on Fused Truxenes: Synthesis, Self-Assembly, and Facilely Tunable Emission Properties. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3589-3597. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID); Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID); Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID); Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID); Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yong Lai
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID); Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE); Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID); Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications; 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE); Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM); Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 P. R. China
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Nuermaimaiti A, S-Falk V, Cramer JL, Svane KL, Hammer B, Gothelf KV, Linderoth TR. Selection of conformational states in surface self-assembly for a molecule with eight possible pairs of surface enantiomers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14023-14026. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06876f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chiral adsorption of a complex molecule with as many as eight possible pairs of surface enantiomers is investigated by STM and the selection of enantiomers is understood by statistical analysis and DFT modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Nuermaimaiti
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - V. S-Falk
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - J. L. Cramer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus C
- Denmark
| | - K. L. Svane
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus C
- Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
| | - B. Hammer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus C
- Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
| | - K. V. Gothelf
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus C
- Denmark
- Center for DNA nanotechnology (CDNA) and Department of Chemistry
| | - T. R. Linderoth
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO)
- Aarhus University
- Aarhus C
- Denmark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
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