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Li W, Heras D, Maris A, Melandri S, Lesarri A, Evangelisti L. A Rotational Study of 2-tert-Butylphenol and Its 1 : 1 Argon Complex. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400089. [PMID: 38502679 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The chirped-pulse Fourier Transform microwave spectrum of 2-tert-butylphenol, an industrial intermediate for the production of antioxidants, has been investigated in the 2-8 GHz frequency range. The spectral analysis has allowed obtaining precise structural information on the most stable conformer and its complex with argon. The conformation of the monomer reveals that the hydroxyl group is coplanar with the ring but points in the opposite direction to the tert-butyl group, reducing steric interactions. In the tert-butyl group one methyl group is coplanar and the other two are symmetrically staggered respect to the ring. The complex shows the rare gas sitting above the aromatic ring. Interestingly, neither the monomer nor the complex exhibit large-amplitude hydroxyl torsion motions, previously observed in 2,6-disubstituted phenols such as 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol or propofol. The experimental results are supported by computational calculations, validating the molecular structure. Additionally, symmetry-adapted perturbation theory has allowed determining the van der Waals intermolecular interaction energy of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Li
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias -, I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Domingo Heras
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias -, I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Assimo Maris
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Lesarri
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias -, I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Luca Evangelisti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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2
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Li W, Maris A, Melandri S, Lesarri A, Evangelisti L. The Structure of 2,6-Di- tert-butylphenol-Argon by Rotational Spectroscopy. Molecules 2023; 28:8111. [PMID: 38138596 PMCID: PMC10745844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular structure of a van der Waals-bonded complex involving 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and a single argon atom has been determined through rotational spectroscopy. The experimentally derived structural parameters were compared to the outcomes of quantum chemical calculations that can accurately account for dispersive interactions in the cluster. The findings revealed a π-bound configuration for the complex, with the argon atom engaging the aromatic ring. The microwave spectrum reveals both fine and hyperfine tunneling components. The main spectral doubling is evident as two distinct clusters of lines, with an approximate separation of 179 MHz, attributed to the torsional motion associated with the hydroxyl group. Additionally, each component of this doublet further splits into three components, each with separations measuring less than 1 MHz. Investigation into intramolecular dynamics using a one-dimensional flexible model suggests that the main tunneling phenomenon originates from equivalent positions of the hydroxyl group. A double-minimum potential function with a barrier of 1000 (100) cm-1 effectively describes this extensive amplitude motion. However, the three-fold fine structure, potentially linked to internal motions within the tert-butyl group, requires additional scrutiny for a comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqin Li
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias—I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Assimo Maris
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via F. Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Alberto Lesarri
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias—I.U. CINQUIMA, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Luca Evangelisti
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
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Lv D, Evangelisti L, Maris A, Song W, Salvitti G, Melandri S. Characterizing the Interactions of Dimethyl Sulfoxide with Water: A Rotational Spectroscopy Study. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6882-6889. [PMID: 36149258 PMCID: PMC9549460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The interaction of
dimethyl sulfoxide with water has been investigated
by Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy of the 1:1 complex and
its isotopologues, complemented with quantum chemical calculations.
The rotational spectra of 34S and 13C isotopologues
in natural abundance and the H218O and deuterated
water enriched isotopologues have been measured, allowing a partial
structure determination and establishing the position of water in
the complex. In the most stable conformation water was found to be
the donor of a primary OH···OS bond to the oxygen atom
of dimethyl sulfoxide and acceptor of two weak CH···OH
bonds with the methyl hydrogen atoms of dimethyl sulfoxide. From the
structural determination confirmed by quantum chemical calculations,
the water molecule lies in the symmetry plane of dimethyl sulfoxide,
and the complex has an overall Cs symmetry. The experimental findings are supported by atoms
in molecules and symmetry-adapted perturbation theories, which allowed
for determining the hydrogen bond and intermolecular interaction energies,
respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Lv
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Evangelisti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Assimo Maris
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Wentao Song
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Salvitti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Dipartimento di Chimica "G. Ciamician", Università di Bologna, via F. Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
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Evangelisti L, Feng G, Caminati W. A rotational study of the 1:1 adduct of ethanol and 1,4-dioxane. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 261:120086. [PMID: 34161849 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The pure rotational spectra of the 1:1 ethanol - 1,4-dioxane complex and its OD mono-deuterated species have been measured using pulsed-jet Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. Conformational predictions for the plausible isomers of ethanol - 1,4-dioxane have been carried out considering the spatial orientation of gauche/trans ethanol with respect to the chair/boat and twisted conformations of 1,4-dioxane. Using Helium for the supersonic expansion, the microwave spectrum has been observed for the most stable structure. In the observed isomer, the two subunits are linked together by an OH⋯O hydrogen bond with gauche ethanol acting as proton donor to dioxane in the chair conformation. The non-covalent interactions have been characterized using different computational approaches. A small inverse Ubbelohde effect was observed after H → D isotopic substitution in the OH⋯O hydrogen bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Evangelisti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" dell'Università, Via S. Alberto 163, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Gang Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Daxuecheng South Rd. 55, 401331, Chongqing, China.
| | - Walther Caminati
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician" dell'Università, Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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Seifert NA, Prozument K, Davis MJ. Computational optimal transport for molecular spectra: The fully discrete case. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:184101. [PMID: 34773953 DOI: 10.1063/5.0069681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of computational optimal transport is investigated as a tool for comparing two molecular spectra. Unlike other techniques for comparing molecular spectra in a pattern-recognition framework, transport distances simultaneously encode information about line positions and intensities. In addition, it is shown that transport distances are a useful alternative to Euclidean distances as Euclidean distances are based on line-by-line comparisons, while transport distances reflect broader features of molecular spectra and adequately compare spectra with different resolutions. This paper includes a tutorial on the use of optimal transport and investigates several well-chosen examples to illustrate the utility of computational optimal transport for comparing molecular spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Seifert
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Kirill Prozument
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Michael J Davis
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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Calabrese C, Temelso B, Usabiaga I, Seifert NA, Basterretxea FJ, Prampolini G, Shields GC, Pate BH, Evangelisti L, Cocinero EJ. The Role of Non-Covalent Interactions on Cluster Formation: Pentamer, Hexamers and Heptamer of Difluoromethane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16894-16899. [PMID: 34028158 PMCID: PMC8362204 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The role of non-covalent interactions (NCIs) has broadened with the inclusion of new types of interactions and a plethora of weak donor/acceptor partners. This work illustrates the potential of chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave technique, which has revolutionized the field of rotational spectroscopy. In particular, it has been exploited to reveal the role of NCIs' in the molecular self-aggregation of difluoromethane where a pentamer, two hexamers and a heptamer were detected. The development of a new automated assignment program and a sophisticated computational screening protocol was essential for identifying the homoclusters in conditions of spectral congestion. The major role of dispersion forces leads to less directional interactions and more distorted structures than those found in polar clusters, although a detailed analysis demonstrates that the dominant interaction energy is the pairwise interaction. The tetramer cluster is identified as a structural unit in larger clusters, representing the maximum expression of bond between dimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Calabrese
- Departament of Physical ChemistryUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Barrio Sarriena, S/N48940LeioaSpain
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC)48940LeioaSpain
- Fundación Biofísica Bizkaia/Biofisika Bizkaia Fundazioa (FBB)48940LeioaSpain
| | - Berhane Temelso
- George Mason UniversityInformation Technology ServicesFairfaxVA22030USA
| | - Imanol Usabiaga
- Departament of Physical ChemistryUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Barrio Sarriena, S/N48940LeioaSpain
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC)48940LeioaSpain
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”Università degli Studi di Bolognavia S. Alberto 16348100RavennaItaly
| | - Nathan A. Seifert
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of VirginiaMcCormick RoadCharlottesvilleVA22903USA
| | - Francisco J. Basterretxea
- Departament of Physical ChemistryUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Barrio Sarriena, S/N48940LeioaSpain
| | - Giacomo Prampolini
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM-CNR)Area della Ricercavia G. Moruzzi 156124PisaItaly
| | | | - Brooks H. Pate
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of VirginiaMcCormick RoadCharlottesvilleVA22903USA
| | - Luca Evangelisti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”Università degli Studi di Bolognavia S. Alberto 16348100RavennaItaly
| | - Emilio J. Cocinero
- Departament of Physical ChemistryUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Barrio Sarriena, S/N48940LeioaSpain
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC)48940LeioaSpain
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7
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Calabrese C, Temelso B, Usabiaga I, Seifert NA, Basterretxea FJ, Prampolini G, Shields GC, Pate BH, Evangelisti L, Cocinero EJ. The Role of Non‐Covalent Interactions on Cluster Formation: Pentamer, Hexamers and Heptamer of Difluoromethane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Calabrese
- Departament of Physical Chemistry University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Barrio Sarriena, S/N 48940 Leioa Spain
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC) 48940 Leioa Spain
- Fundación Biofísica Bizkaia/Biofisika Bizkaia Fundazioa (FBB) 48940 Leioa Spain
| | - Berhane Temelso
- George Mason University Information Technology Services Fairfax VA 22030 USA
| | - Imanol Usabiaga
- Departament of Physical Chemistry University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Barrio Sarriena, S/N 48940 Leioa Spain
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC) 48940 Leioa Spain
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Università degli Studi di Bologna via S. Alberto 163 48100 Ravenna Italy
| | - Nathan A. Seifert
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road Charlottesville VA 22903 USA
| | - Francisco J. Basterretxea
- Departament of Physical Chemistry University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Barrio Sarriena, S/N 48940 Leioa Spain
| | - Giacomo Prampolini
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici (ICCOM-CNR) Area della Ricerca via G. Moruzzi 1 56124 Pisa Italy
| | | | - Brooks H. Pate
- Department of Chemistry University of Virginia McCormick Road Charlottesville VA 22903 USA
| | - Luca Evangelisti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician” Università degli Studi di Bologna via S. Alberto 163 48100 Ravenna Italy
| | - Emilio J. Cocinero
- Departament of Physical Chemistry University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Barrio Sarriena, S/N 48940 Leioa Spain
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC) 48940 Leioa Spain
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8
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Miller I, Faulkner T, Saunier J, Raston PL. Observation of the elusive "oxygen-in" OCS dimer. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:221102. [PMID: 32534533 DOI: 10.1063/5.0010716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The carbonyl sulfide (OCS) dimer serves as a prototype system for studying intermolecular forces between nonsymmetrical linear polyatomic molecules. Here, we performed a laser spectroscopic investigation of OCS dimers embedded in helium nanodroplets and found rovibrational bands corresponding to the non-polar "sulfur-in" and parallel polar dimers that have been extensively characterized in the gas phase, as well as a new non-polar "oxygen-in" dimer that has long been predicted by theory. Frequency alternations in the rotational branches along with the absence of a Stark effect provided important clues as to its assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - Ty Faulkner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - John Saunier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - Paul L Raston
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
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10
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Li W, Maris A, Calabrese C, Usabiaga I, Geppert WD, Evangelisti L, Melandri S. Atmospherically relevant acrolein–water complexes: spectroscopic evidence of aldehyde hydration and oxygen atom exchange. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:23559-23566. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04910j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rotational spectroscopy and isotopic studies evidence oxygen exchange in water complexes of atmospherically important acrolein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Li
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” Università di Bologna
- I-40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Assimo Maris
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” Università di Bologna
- I-40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Camilla Calabrese
- Dpto. Química Física
- Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU)
- E-48080 Bilbao
- Spain
- Instituto Biofisika (UPV/EHU, CSIC)
| | - Imanol Usabiaga
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” Università di Bologna
- I-40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Wolf D. Geppert
- Department of Physics
- Stockholm University
- Albanova University Center
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Luca Evangelisti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” Università di Bologna
- I-40126 Bologna
- Italy
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician” Università di Bologna
- I-40126 Bologna
- Italy
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11
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Li X, Zheng Y, Chen J, Grabow JU, Gou Q, Xia Z, Feng G. Weak Hydrogen Bond Network: A Rotational Study of 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane Dimer. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:7876-7881. [PMID: 28926244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b07007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane dimer was investigated by pulsed jet Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. One conformer, stabilized through a network of four C-H···F-C interactions, was observed, although several almost isoenergetic configurations were suggested by ab initio calculations. The measurements, extended to four 13C species in natural abundance, allowed determination of the carbon skeleton structures and evaluation of the weak hydrogen bond parameters. Information on the dissociation energy is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University , Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University , Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Junhua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University , Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Jens-Uwe Grabow
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Elektrochemie, Universtät Hannover , Callinstrasse 3A, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Qian Gou
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University , Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Zhining Xia
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University , Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University , Daxuecheng South Road 55, 401331 Chongqing, China
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Evangelisti L, Brendel K, Mäder H, Caminati W, Melandri S. Rotational Spectroscopy Probes Water Flipping by Full Fluorination of Benzene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201707155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Evangelisti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Università degli Studi di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Kai Brendel
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; Max-Eyth-Strasse 1 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Heinrich Mäder
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; Max-Eyth-Strasse 1 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Walther Caminati
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Università degli Studi di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Università degli Studi di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
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13
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Evangelisti L, Brendel K, Mäder H, Caminati W, Melandri S. Rotational Spectroscopy Probes Water Flipping by Full Fluorination of Benzene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13699-13703. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201707155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Evangelisti
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Università degli Studi di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Kai Brendel
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; Max-Eyth-Strasse 1 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Heinrich Mäder
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel; Max-Eyth-Strasse 1 24118 Kiel Germany
| | - Walther Caminati
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Università degli Studi di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Sonia Melandri
- Dipartimento di Chimica “G. Ciamician”; Università degli Studi di Bologna; Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
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Licari D, Tasinato N, Spada L, Puzzarini C, Barone V. VMS-ROT: A New Module of the Virtual Multifrequency Spectrometer for Simulation, Interpretation, and Fitting of Rotational Spectra. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:4382-4396. [PMID: 28742339 PMCID: PMC5636176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Virtual Multifrequency Spectrometer (VMS) is a tool that aims at integrating a wide range of computational and experimental spectroscopic techniques with the final goal of disclosing the static and dynamic physical-chemical properties "hidden" in molecular spectra. VMS is composed of two parts, namely, VMS-Comp, which provides access to the latest developments in the field of computational spectroscopy, and VMS-Draw, which provides a powerful graphical user interface (GUI) for an intuitive interpretation of theoretical outcomes and a direct comparison to experiment. In the present work, we introduce VMS-ROT, a new module of VMS that has been specifically designed to deal with rotational spectroscopy. This module offers an integrated environment for the analysis of rotational spectra: from the assignment of spectral transitions to the refinement of spectroscopic parameters and the simulation of the spectrum. While bridging theoretical and experimental rotational spectroscopy, VMS-ROT is strongly integrated with quantum-chemical calculations, and it is composed of four independent, yet interacting units: (1) the computational engine for the calculation of the spectroscopic parameters that are employed as a starting point for guiding experiments and for the spectral interpretation, (2) the fitting-prediction engine for the refinement of the molecular parameters on the basis of the assigned transitions and the prediction of the rotational spectrum of the target molecule, (3) the GUI module that offers a powerful set of tools for a vis-à-vis comparison between experimental and simulated spectra, and (4) the new assignment tool for the assignment of experimental transitions in terms of quantum numbers upon comparison with the simulated ones. The implementation and the main features of VMS-ROT are presented, and the software is validated by means of selected test cases ranging from isolated molecules of different sizes to molecular complexes. VMS-ROT therefore offers an integrated environment for the analysis of the rotational spectra, with the innovative perspective of an intimate connection to quantum-chemical calculations that can be exploited at different levels of refinement, as an invaluable support and complement for experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Licari
- Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Nicola Tasinato
- Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Spada
- Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy.,Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna , Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Puzzarini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna , Via Selmi 2, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barone
- Scuola Normale Superiore , Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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Soulard P, Madebène B, Tremblay B. First infrared investigations of OCS–H2O, OCS–(H2O)2, and (OCS)2–H2O complexes isolated in solid neon: Highlighting the presence of two isomers for OCS–H2O. J Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4986403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rezaei M, Norooz Oliaee J, Moazzen-Ahmadi N, McKellar ARW. Infrared spectra reveal box-like structures for a pentamer and hexamer of mixed carbon dioxide-acetylene clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:1381-5. [PMID: 26315679 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03842a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Except for a few cases like water and carbon dioxide, identification and structural characterization of clusters with more than four monomers is rare. Here, we provide experimental and theoretical evidence for existence of box-like structures for a pentamer and a hexamer of mixed carbon dioxide-acetylene clusters. Two mid-infrared cluster absorption bands are observed in the CO2ν3 band region using a tunable diode laser to probe a pulsed supersonic jet. Each requires the presence of both carbon dioxide and acetylene in the jet, and (from observed rotational spacings) involves clusters containing about 4 to 7 molecules. Structures are predicted for mixed CO2 + C2H2 clusters using a distributed multipole model, and the bands are assigned to a specific pentamer, (CO2)3-(C2H2)2, and hexamer, (CO2)4-(C2H2)2. The hexamer has a box-like structure whose D2d symmetry is supported by observed intensity alternation in the spectrum. The pentamer has a closely related structure which is obtained by removing one CO2 molecule from the hexamer. These are among the largest mixed molecular clusters to be assigned by high-resolution spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Rezaei
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive North West, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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