1
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Liu N, Ma T, Liao C, Liu G, Mota RMO, Liu J, Sohn S, Kube S, Zhao S, Singer JP, Schroers J. Combinatorial measurement of critical cooling rates in aluminum-base metallic glass forming alloys. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3903. [PMID: 33594154 PMCID: PMC7887254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83384-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct measurement of critical cooling rates has been challenging and only determined for a minute fraction of the reported metallic glass forming alloys. Here, we report a method that directly measures critical cooling rate of thin film metallic glass forming alloys in a combinatorial fashion. Based on a universal heating architecture using indirect laser heating and a microstructure analysis this method offers itself as a rapid screening technique to quantify glass forming ability. We use this method to identify glass forming alloys and study the composition effect on the critical cooling rate in the Al–Ni–Ge system where we identified Al51Ge35Ni14 as the best glass forming composition with a critical cooling rate of 104 K/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naijia Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Tianxing Ma
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Chaoqun Liao
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094, China.,College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guannan Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Rodrigo Miguel Ojeda Mota
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jingbei Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Sungwoo Sohn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Sebastian Kube
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Shaofan Zhao
- Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Jonathan P Singer
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jan Schroers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
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2
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Li Y, Zhao S, Liu Y, Gong P, Schroers J. How Many Bulk Metallic Glasses Are There? ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2017; 19:687-693. [PMID: 28902986 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.7b00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative prediction of glass forming ability using a priori known parameters is highly desired in metallic glass development; however proven to be challenging because of the complexity of glass formation. Here, we estimate the number of potential metallic glasses (MGs) and bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) forming systems and alloys, from empirically determined alloy design rules based on a priori known parameters. Specifically, we take into account atomic size ratio, heat of mixing, and liquidus temperature, which we quantify on binary glasses and centimeter-sized BMGs. When expanding into higher order systems that can be formed among 32 practical elements, we reduce the composition space for BMG formation using developed criteria by 106 times and estimate ∼3 million binary, ternary, quaternary, and quinary BMGs alloys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglin Li
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Yale University New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Shaofan Zhao
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Yale University New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Institute
of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Pan Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jan Schroers
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, Yale University New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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3
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Sun YT, Bai HY, Li MZ, Wang WH. Machine Learning Approach for Prediction and Understanding of Glass-Forming Ability. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3434-3439. [PMID: 28697303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The prediction of the glass-forming ability (GFA) by varying the composition of alloys is a challenging problem in glass physics, as well as a problem for industry, with enormous financial ramifications. Although different empirical guides for the prediction of GFA were established over decades, a comprehensive model or approach that is able to deal with as many variables as possible simultaneously for efficiently predicting good glass formers is still highly desirable. Here, by applying the support vector classification method, we develop models for predicting the GFA of binary metallic alloys from random compositions. The effect of different input descriptors on GFA were evaluated, and the best prediction model was selected, which shows that the information related to liquidus temperatures plays a key role in the GFA of alloys. On the basis of this model, good glass formers can be predicted with high efficiency. The prediction efficiency can be further enhanced by improving larger database and refined input descriptor selection. Our findings suggest that machine learning is very powerful and efficient and has great potential for discovering new metallic glasses with good GFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Sun
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - H Y Bai
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - M Z Li
- Department of Physics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials & Micro-nano Devices, Renmin University of China , Beijing 100872, People's Republic of China
| | - W H Wang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science , Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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4
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Perim E, Lee D, Liu Y, Toher C, Gong P, Li Y, Simmons WN, Levy O, Vlassak JJ, Schroers J, Curtarolo S. Spectral descriptors for bulk metallic glasses based on the thermodynamics of competing crystalline phases. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12315. [PMID: 27480126 PMCID: PMC4974662 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic glasses attract considerable interest due to their unique combination of superb properties and processability. Predicting their formation from known alloy parameters remains the major hindrance to the discovery of new systems. Here, we propose a descriptor based on the heuristics that structural and energetic 'confusion' obstructs crystalline growth, and demonstrate its validity by experiments on two well-known glass-forming alloy systems. We then develop a robust model for predicting glass formation ability based on the geometrical and energetic features of crystalline phases calculated ab initio in the AFLOW framework. Our findings indicate that the formation of metallic glass phases could be much more common than currently thought, with more than 17% of binary alloy systems potential glass formers. Our approach pinpoints favourable compositions and demonstrates that smart descriptors, based solely on alloy properties available in online repositories, offer the sought-after key for accelerated discovery of metallic glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Perim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Center for Materials Genomics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Dongwoo Lee
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Cormac Toher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Center for Materials Genomics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Pan Gong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Yanglin Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - W Neal Simmons
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Center for Materials Genomics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Ohad Levy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Center for Materials Genomics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Joost J Vlassak
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Jan Schroers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Stefano Curtarolo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Center for Materials Genomics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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5
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Nandi UK, Banerjee A, Chakrabarty S, Bhattacharyya SM. Composition dependence of the glass forming ability in binary mixtures: The role of demixing entropy. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:034503. [PMID: 27448892 DOI: 10.1063/1.4958630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a comparative study of the glass forming ability of binary systems with varying composition, where the systems have similar global crystalline structure (CsCl+fcc). Biased Monte Carlo simulations using umbrella sampling technique show that the free energy cost to create a CsCl nucleus increases as the composition of the smaller particles is decreased. We find that systems with comparatively lower free energy cost to form CsCl nucleus exhibit more pronounced pre-crystalline demixing near the liquid/crystal interface. The structural frustration between the CsCl and fcc crystal demands this demixing. We show that closer to the equimolar mixture, the entropic penalty for demixing is lower and a glass forming system may crystallize when seeded with a nucleus. This entropic penalty as a function of composition shows a non-monotonic behaviour with a maximum at a composition similar to the well known Kob-Anderson (KA) model. Although the KA model shows the maximum entropic penalty and thus maximum frustration against CsCl formation, it also shows a strong tendency towards crystallization into fcc lattice of the larger "A" particles which can be explained from the study of the energetics. Thus for systems closer to the equimolar mixture although it is the requirement of demixing which provides their stability against crystallization, for KA model it is not demixing but slow dynamics and the presence of the "B" particles make it a good glass former. The locally favoured structure around "B" particles is quite similar to the CsCl structure and the incompatibility of CsCl and fcc hinders the fcc structure growth in the KA model. Although the glass forming binary systems studied here are quite similar, differing only in composition, we find that their glass forming ability cannot be attributed to a single phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjwal Kumar Nandi
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Atreyee Banerjee
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
| | - Suman Chakrabarty
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India
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6
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Zhang K, Fan M, Liu Y, Schroers J, Shattuck MD, O’Hern CS. Beyond packing of hard spheres: The effects of core softness, non-additivity, intermediate-range repulsion, and many-body interactions on the glass-forming ability of bulk metallic glasses. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:184502. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4935002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Meng Fan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Jan Schroers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Mark D. Shattuck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Physics and Benjamin Levich Institute, The City College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10031, USA
| | - Corey S. O’Hern
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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7
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Gerges J, Affouard F. Predictive Calculation of the Crystallization Tendency of Model Pharmaceuticals in the Supercooled State from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10768-83. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Gerges
- Unité
Matériaux
et Transformations (UMET), UMR CNRS 8207, UFR de Physique, BAT P5, Université de Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d’ascq, France
| | - F. Affouard
- Unité
Matériaux
et Transformations (UMET), UMR CNRS 8207, UFR de Physique, BAT P5, Université de Lille 1, 59655 Villeneuve d’ascq, France
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8
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Kim J, Sung BJ. Dynamic decoupling and local atomic order of a model multicomponent metallic glass-former. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:235102. [PMID: 25993620 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/23/235102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of multicomponent metallic alloys is spatially heterogeneous near glass transition. The diffusion coefficient of one component of the metallic alloys may also decouple from those of other components, i.e., the diffusion coefficient of each component depends differently on the viscosity of metallic alloys. In this work we investigate the dynamic heterogeneity and decoupling of a model system for multicomponent Pd43Cu27Ni10P20 melts by using a hard sphere model that considers the size disparity of alloys but does not take chemical effects into account. We also study how such dynamic behaviors would relate to the local atomic structure of metallic alloys. We find, from molecular dynamics simulations, that the smallest component P of multicomponent Pd43Cu27Ni10P20 melts becomes dynamically heterogeneous at a translational relaxation time scale and that the largest major component Pd forms a slow subsystem, which has been considered mainly responsible for the stabilization of amorphous state of alloys. The heterogeneous dynamics of P atoms accounts for the breakdown of Stokes-Einstein relation and also leads to the dynamic decoupling of P and Pd atoms. The dynamically heterogeneous P atoms decrease the lifetime of the local short-range atomic orders of both icosahedral and close-packed structures by orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Basic Science, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Republic of Korea
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