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Santos ACF, Lucas CA, Lago AF, Oliveira RR, Rocha AB, de Souza GGB. Ionic Fragmentation of the Halothane Molecule Induced by EUV and Soft X-ray Radiation. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:7407-7416. [PMID: 39178341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c04341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
EUV and soft X-ray-induced photofragmentation of the halothane (CF3CHBrCl) molecule has been investigated using time-of-flight mass spectrometry in the coincidence mode (PEPICO) covering the valence region and vicinity of the bromine 3d, chlorine 2p, and carbon 1s edges. Total and partial ion yields have been recorded as a function of photon energy. At lower photon energies, the heavier singly charged molecular fragments predominate in the mass spectra. On the other hand, there is a strong tendency to the atomization of the molecule at higher photon energies. Despite the different chemical environments experienced by the two carbon atoms, weak site-specific fragmentation is observed. In addition, ab initio quantum mechanical calculations at the MP2 level and a series of computations with multiconfigurational self-consistent field have been performed to describe the inner-shell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C F Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - C A Lucas
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/n, Campus do Valonguinho, Niterói 24020-141, Brazil
| | - A F Lago
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Av. dos Estados, 5001, Santo André 09210-580, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R R Oliveira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - A B Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, RJ, Brazil
| | - G G B de Souza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21949-900, RJ, Brazil
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2
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Holland DMP, Suchan J, Janoš J, Bacellar C, Leroy L, Barillot TR, Longetti L, Coreno M, de Simone M, Grazioli C, Chergui M, Muchová E, Ingle RA. Deconvolution of the X-ray absorption spectrum of trans-1,3-butadiene with resonant Auger spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15130-15142. [PMID: 38525924 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00053f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
High-resolution carbon K-edge X-ray photoelectron, X-ray absorption, non-resonant and resonant Auger spectra are presented of gas phase trans-1,3-butadiene alongside a detailed theoretical analysis utilising nuclear ensemble approaches and vibronic models to simulate the spectroscopic observables. The resonant Auger spectra recorded across the first pre-edge band reveal a complex evolution of different electronic states which remain relatively well-localised on the edge or central carbon sites. The results demonstrate the sensitivity of the resonant Auger observables to the weighted contributions from multiple electronic states. The gradually evolving spectral features can be accurately and feasibly simulated within nuclear ensemble methods and interpreted with the population analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M P Holland
- STFC, Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire WA4 4AD, UK
| | - Jiří Suchan
- Institute for Advanced Computational Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-5250, USA
| | - Jiří Janoš
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Camila Bacellar
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludmila Leroy
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Barillot
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Longetti
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcello Coreno
- ISM-CNR, Istituto di Struttura dei Materiali, LD2 Unit, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Cesare Grazioli
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Majed Chergui
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Ultrarapide, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ISIC, FSB, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., S.S. 14 km 163,5 in Area Science Park, I-34012 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Eva Muchová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Rebecca A Ingle
- Department of Chemistry, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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Gerlach M, Schaffner D, Preitschopf T, Karaev E, Bozek J, Holzmeier F, Fischer I. X-ray induced fragmentation of fulminic acid, HCNO. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114306. [PMID: 37721327 DOI: 10.1063/5.0167395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The fragmentation of fulminic acid, HCNO, after excitation and ionization of core electrons was investigated using Auger-electron-photoion coincidence spectroscopy. A considerable degree of site-selectivity is observed. Ionization of the carbon and oxygen 1s electron leads to around 70% CH+ + NO+, while ionization at the central N-atom produces only 37% CH+ + NO+, but preferentially forms O+ + HCN+ and O+ + CN+. The mass-selected Auger-electron spectra show that these fragments are associated with higher binding energy final states. Furthermore, ionization of the C 1s electron leads to a higher propensity for C-H bond fission compared to O 1s ionization. Following resonant Auger-Meitner decay after 1s → 3π excitation, 12 different ionic products are formed. At the C 1s edge, the parent ion HCNO+ is significantly more stable compared to the other two edges, which we also attribute to the higher contribution of final states with low binding energies in the C 1s resonant Auger electron spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Gerlach
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dorothee Schaffner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Preitschopf
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Emil Karaev
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - John Bozek
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Salen P, Schio L, Richter R, Alagia M, Stranges S, Falcinelli S, Zhaunerchyk V. Electronic state influence on selective bond breaking of core-excited nitrosyl chloride (ClNO). J Chem Phys 2022; 157:124306. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0106642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential for selective bond breaking of a small molecule was investigated with electron-spectroscopy and electron-ion coincidence experiments on ClNO. The electron spectra were measured upon direct valence photo-ionization and upon resonant core-excitation at the N 1s- and O 1s-edges followed by emission of resonant Auger (RA) electrons. The RA spectra were analyzed with particular emphasis on the assignment of the participator and spectator states. The latter are of special relevance for investigations of how distinct electronic configurations influence selective bond breaking. The electron-ion coincidence measurements provided branching fractions of the produced ion-fragments as a function of electron binding energy. It explicitly demonstrates the influence of the final electronic states created after the photo-ionization and RA decay, on the fragmentation. In particular, we observe a significantly different branching fraction for spectator states compared with participator states. The bonds broken for the spectator states are also found to correlate with the anti-bonding character of the spectator-electron orbital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Salen
- Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala Universitet, Sweden
| | - Luca Schio
- IOM CNR Laboratorio TASC, 34012 Trieste, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Stranges
- Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
| | - Stefano Falcinelli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Vitali Zhaunerchyk
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg Department of Physics, Sweden
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Coutinho LH, de A Ribeiro F, Tenorio BNC, Coriani S, Dos Santos ACF, Nicolas C, Milosavljevic AR, Bozek JD, Wolff W. NEXAFS and MS-AES spectroscopy of the C 1s and Cl 2p excitation and ionization of chlorobenzene: Production of dicationic species. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27484-27497. [PMID: 34873605 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03121j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report on single- and double-charge photofragment formation by synchrotron radiation, following C 1s core excitation and ionization and Cl 2p inner excitation and ionization of chlorobenzene, C6H5Cl. From a comparison of experimental near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectra and theoretical ab initio calculations, the nature of various core and inner shell transitions of the molecule and pure atomic features were identified. To shed light on the normal Auger processes following excitation or ionization of the molecule at the Cl 2p or C 1s sites, we addressed the induced ionic species formation. With energy resolved electron spectra and ion time-of-flight spectra coincidence measurements, the ionic species were correlated with binding energy regions and initial states of vacancies. We explored the formation of the molecular dication C6H5Cl2+, the analogue benzene dication C6H42+, and the singly charged species produced by single loss of a carbon atom, C5HnCl+. The appearance and intensities of the spectral features associated with these ionic species are shown to be strongly site selective and dependent on the energy ranges of the Auger electron emission. Unexpected intensities for the analogue double charged benzene C6H42+ ion were observed with fast Auger electrons. The transitions leading to C6H5Cl2+ were identified from the binding energy representation of high resolution electron energy spectra. Most C6H5Cl2+ ions decay into two singly charged moieties, but intermediate channels are opened leading to other heavy dicationic species, C6H42+ and C6H4Cl2+, the channel leading to the first of these being much more favored than the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lúcia H Coutinho
- Physics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil.
| | | | - Bruno N C Tenorio
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Sonia Coriani
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, 2800, Denmark
| | - Antonio C F Dos Santos
- Physics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil.
| | | | | | - John D Bozek
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, France
| | - Wania Wolff
- Physics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil.
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Gerlach M, Fantuzzi F, Wohlfart L, Kopp K, Engels B, Bozek J, Nicolas C, Mayer D, Gühr M, Holzmeier F, Fischer I. Fragmentation of isocyanic acid, HNCO, following core excitation and ionization. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:114302. [PMID: 33752348 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a study on the fragmentation of core-ionized and core-excited isocyanic acid, HNCO, using Auger-electron/photoion coincidence spectroscopy. Site-selectivity is observed both for normal and resonant Auger electron decay. Oxygen 1s ionization leads to the CO+ + NH+ ion pairs, while nitrogen 1s ionization results in three-body dissociation and an efficient fragmentation of the H-N bond in the dication. Upon 1s → 10a' resonant excitation, clear differences between O and N sites are discernible as well. In both cases, the correlation between the dissociation channel and the binding energy of the normal Auger electrons indicates that the fragmentation pattern is governed by the excess energy available in the final ionic state. High-level multireference calculations suggest pathways to the formation of the fragment ions NO+ and HCO+, which are observed although the parent compound contains neither N-O nor H-C bonds. This work contributes to the goal to achieve and understand site-selective fragmentation upon ionization and excitation of molecules with soft x-ray radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Gerlach
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felipe Fantuzzi
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lilith Wohlfart
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karina Kopp
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - John Bozek
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Dennis Mayer
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Markus Gühr
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Fabian Holzmeier
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Ingo Fischer
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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7
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Morcelle V, Medina A, Ribeiro LC, Prazeres I, Marinho RRT, Arruda MS, Mendes LAV, Santos MJ, Tenório BNC, Rocha A, Santos ACF. Fragmentation of Valence and Carbon Core Excited and Ionized CH2FCF3 Molecule. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:9755-9760. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b09173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Morcelle
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 23890-000 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A. Medina
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - L. C. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-340 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - I. Prazeres
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - R. R. T. Marinho
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-340 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - M. S. Arruda
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-340 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - L. A. V. Mendes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40210-340 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - M. J. Santos
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sertão de Pernambuco, 56200-000, Ouricuri, PE, Brazil
| | - B. N. C. Tenório
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A.B. Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A. C. F. Santos
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Inhester L, Oostenrijk B, Patanen M, Kokkonen E, Southworth SH, Bostedt C, Travnikova O, Marchenko T, Son SK, Santra R, Simon M, Young L, Sorensen SL. Chemical Understanding of the Limited Site-Specificity in Molecular Inner-Shell Photofragmentation. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:1156-1163. [PMID: 29444399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b03235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In many cases fragmentation of molecules upon inner-shell ionization is very unspecific with respect to the initially localized ionization site. Often this finding is interpreted in terms of an equilibration of internal energy into vibrational degrees of freedom after Auger decay. We investigate the X-ray photofragmentation of ethyl trifluoroacetate upon core electron ionization at environmentally distinct carbon sites using photoelectron-photoion-photoion coincidence measurements and ab initio electronic structure calculations. For all four carbon ionization sites, the Auger decay weakens the same bonds and transfers the two charges to opposite ends of the molecule, which leads to a rapid dissociation into three fragments, followed by further fragmentation steps. The lack of site specificity is attributed to the character of the dicationic electronic states after Auger decay instead of a fast equilibration of internal energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Inhester
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY , Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bart Oostenrijk
- Department of Physics, Lund University , Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Minna Patanen
- Faculty of Science, Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu , Box 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Esko Kokkonen
- Faculty of Science, Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu , Box 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland
| | - Stephen H Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Christoph Bostedt
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Physics, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Oksana Travnikova
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR , F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Tatiana Marchenko
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR , F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sang-Kil Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY , Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY , Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging , Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg , Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique - Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR , F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Linda Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Stacey L Sorensen
- Department of Physics, Lund University , Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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