1
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Purdy SC, Collinge G, Zhang J, Borate SN, Unocic KA, Wu Q, Wegener EC, Kropf AJ, Samad NR, Yuk SF, Zhang D, Habas S, Krause TR, Harris JW, Lee MS, Glezakou VA, Rousseau R, Sutton AD, Li Z. Dynamic Copper Site Redispersion through Atom Trapping in Zeolite Defects. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8280-8297. [PMID: 38467029 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Single-site copper-based catalysts have shown remarkable activity and selectivity for a variety of reactions. However, deactivation by sintering in high-temperature reducing environments remains a challenge and often limits their use due to irreversible structural changes to the catalyst. Here, we report zeolite-based copper catalysts in which copper oxide agglomerates formed after reaction can be repeatedly redispersed back to single sites using an oxidative treatment in air at 550 °C. Under different environments, single-site copper in Cu-Zn-Y/deAlBeta undergoes dynamic changes in structure and oxidation state that can be tuned to promote the formation of key active sites while minimizing deactivation through Cu sintering. For example, single-site Cu2+ reduces to Cu1+ after catalyst pretreatment (270 °C, 101 kPa H2) and further to Cu0 nanoparticles under reaction conditions (270-350 °C, 7 kPa EtOH, 94 kPa H2) or accelerated aging (400-450 °C, 101 kPa H2). After regeneration at 550 °C in air, agglomerated CuO was dispersed back to single sites in the presence and absence of Zn and Y, which was verified by imaging, in situ spectroscopy, and catalytic rate measurements. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations show that solvation of CuO monomers by water facilitates their transport through the zeolite pore, and condensation of the CuO monomer with a fully protonated silanol nest entraps copper and reforms the single-site structure. The capability of silanol nests to trap and stabilize copper single sites under oxidizing conditions could extend the use of single-site copper catalysts to a wider variety of reactions and allows for a simple regeneration strategy for copper single-site catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Purdy
- Manufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Gregory Collinge
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Junyan Zhang
- Manufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Shivangi N Borate
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Kinga A Unocic
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Qiyuan Wu
- Catalytic Carbon Transformation & Scale-Up Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Evan C Wegener
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - A Jeremy Kropf
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Nohor River Samad
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Simuck F Yuk
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, United States
| | - Difan Zhang
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Susan Habas
- Catalytic Carbon Transformation & Scale-Up Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Theodore R Krause
- Chemical Science and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - James W Harris
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Mal-Soon Lee
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | | | - Roger Rousseau
- Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Andrew D Sutton
- Manufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Zhenglong Li
- Manufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
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2
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Clarke R, Hicks JC. Interrogation of the Plasma-Catalyst Interface via In Situ/Operando Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy. ACS ENGINEERING AU 2022; 2:535-546. [PMID: 36573176 PMCID: PMC9782892 DOI: 10.1021/acsengineeringau.2c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Plasma-surface coupling has emerged as a promising approach to perform chemical transformations under mild conditions that are otherwise difficult or impossible thermally. However, a few examples of inexpensive and accessible in situ/operando techniques exist for observing plasma-solid interactions, which has prevented a thorough understanding of underlying surface mechanisms. Here, we provide a simple and adaptable design for a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma cell capable of interfacing with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), optical emission spectroscopy (OES), and mass spectrometry (MS) to simultaneously characterize the surface, the plasma phase, and the gas phase, respectively. The system was demonstrated using two example applications: (1) plasma oxidation of primary amine functionalized SBA-15 and (2) catalytic low temperature nitrogen oxidation. The results from application (1) provided direct evidence of a 1% O2/He plasma interacting with the aminosilica surface by selective oxidation of the amino groups to nitro groups without altering the alkyl tether. Application (2) was used to detect the evolution of NOX species bound to both platinum and silica surfaces under plasma stimulation. Together, the experimental results showcase the breadth of possible applications for this device and confirm its potential as an essential tool for conducting research on plasma-surface coupling.
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3
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Khurana I, Albarracin-Caballero JD, Shih AJ. Identification and quantification of multinuclear Cu active sites derived from monomeric Cu moieties for dry NO oxidation over Cu-SSZ-13. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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4
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Yang C, Huang W, Wei H, Xu W, Marcelli A. A multi-purpose high-pressure and high temperature gas-flow cell for operando optical Raman spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:113003. [PMID: 34852550 DOI: 10.1063/5.0069421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A multi-purpose in operando optical cell with temperature and gas pressure control is described. This device allows for in operando Raman spectroscopy measurements for different applications. Its original design includes a temperature control from room temperature up to 1000°C and a heating stage that provides uniform and stable thermal conditions. The pressure control of the cell ranges from 10-1 Pa to 6 MPa, and it is compatible with different gases. Both oxidizing and reducing gases are allowed to pass through the sample surface under study. The device has been calibrated and applied to collect Raman spectra for different reaction systems under various operating temperatures and pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Yang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province 332005, China
| | - Weifeng Huang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province 332005, China
| | - Hang Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Wei Xu
- China-Italy Joint Laboratory of In-Situ/Operando Instrumentation, Beijing Science Star Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100070, China
| | - Augusto Marcelli
- China-Italy Joint Laboratory of In-Situ/Operando Instrumentation, Beijing Science Star Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100070, China
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5
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Kester PM, Crum JT, Li S, Schneider WF, Gounder R. Effects of Brønsted acid site proximity in chabazite zeolites on OH infrared spectra and protolytic propane cracking kinetics. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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6
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Watschinger M, Ploner K, Winkler D, Kunze-Liebhäuser J, Klötzer B, Penner S. Operando Fourier-transform infrared-mass spectrometry reactor cell setup for heterogeneous catalysis with glovebox transfer process to surface-chemical characterization. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:024105. [PMID: 33648094 DOI: 10.1063/5.0041437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We describe a new type of operando Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)-mass spectrometry setup for surface-chemical and reactivity characterization of heterogeneous catalysts. On the basis of a sophisticated all-quartz FTIR reactor cell, capable of operating between room temperature and 1000 °C in reactive gas atmospheres, the setup offers a unique opportunity to simultaneously collect and accordingly correlate FTIR surface-chemical adsorption data of the active catalyst state and FTIR gas phase data with complementary reactivity data obtained via mass spectrometry in situ. The full set of catalytic operation modes (recirculating static and flow reactor conditions) is accessible and can be complemented with a variety of temperature-programmed reaction modes or thermal desorption. Due to the unique transfer process involving a home-built portable glovebox to avoid air exposure, a variety of complementary quasi in situ characterization methods for the pre- and post-reaction catalyst states become accessible. We exemplify the capabilities for additional x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of surface-chemical states, highlighting the unique strength of combining adsorption, electronic structure, and reactivity data to gain detailed insight into the reactive state of a Cu/ZrO2 heterogeneous catalyst during methanol steam reforming operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Watschinger
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Kevin Ploner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniel Winkler
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia Kunze-Liebhäuser
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Klötzer
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Simon Penner
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52c, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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7
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Vega-Vila JC, Gounder R. Quantification of Intraporous Hydrophilic Binding Sites in Lewis Acid Zeolites and Consequences for Sugar Isomerization Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Vega-Vila
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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8
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Bates JS, Bukowski BC, Greeley J, Gounder R. Structure and solvation of confined water and water-ethanol clusters within microporous Brønsted acids and their effects on ethanol dehydration catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 11:7102-7122. [PMID: 33250979 PMCID: PMC7690318 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02589e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Water networks confined within zeolites solvate clustered reactive intermediates and must rearrange to accommodate transition states that differ in size and polarity, with thermodynamic penalties that depend on the shape of the confining environment.
Aqueous-phase reactions within microporous Brønsted acids occur at active centers comprised of water-reactant-clustered hydronium ions, solvated within extended hydrogen-bonded water networks that tend to stabilize reactive intermediates and transition states differently. The effects of these diverse clustered and networked structures were disentangled here by measuring turnover rates of gas-phase ethanol dehydration to diethyl ether (DEE) on H-form zeolites as water pressure was increased to the point of intrapore condensation, causing protons to become solvated in larger clusters that subsequently become solvated by extended hydrogen-bonded water networks, according to in situ IR spectra. Measured first-order rate constants in ethanol quantify the stability of SN2 transition states that eliminate DEE relative to (C2H5OH)(H+)(H2O)n clusters of increasing molecularity, whose structures were respectively determined using metadynamics and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. At low water pressures (2–10 kPa H2O), rate inhibition by water (–1 reaction order) reflects the need to displace one water by ethanol in the cluster en route to the DEE-formation transition state, which resides at the periphery of water–ethanol clusters. At higher water pressures (10–75 kPa H2O), water–ethanol clusters reach their maximum stable size ((C2H5OH)(H+)(H2O)4–5), and water begins to form extended hydrogen-bonded networks; concomitantly, rate inhibition by water (up to –3 reaction order) becomes stronger than expected from the molecularity of the reaction, reflecting the more extensive disruption of hydrogen bonds at DEE-formation transition states that contain an additional solvated non-polar ethyl group compared to the relevant reactant cluster, as described by non-ideal thermodynamic formalisms of reaction rates. Microporous voids of different hydrophilic binding site density (Beta; varying H+ and Si–OH density) and different size and shape (Beta, MFI, TON, CHA, AEI, FAU), influence the relative extents to which intermediates and transition states disrupt their confined water networks, which manifest as different kinetic orders of inhibition at high water pressures. The confinement of water within sub-nanometer spaces influences the structures and dynamics of the complexes and extended networks formed, and in turn their ability to accommodate the evolution in polarity and hydrogen-bonding capacity as reactive intermediates become transition states in Brønsted acid-catalyzed reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason S Bates
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering , Purdue University , 480 Stadium Mall Drive , West Lafayette , IN 47907 , USA . ;
| | - Brandon C Bukowski
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering , Purdue University , 480 Stadium Mall Drive , West Lafayette , IN 47907 , USA . ;
| | - Jeffrey Greeley
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering , Purdue University , 480 Stadium Mall Drive , West Lafayette , IN 47907 , USA . ;
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering , Purdue University , 480 Stadium Mall Drive , West Lafayette , IN 47907 , USA . ;
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9
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Bates JS, Bukowski BC, Harris JW, Greeley J, Gounder R. Distinct Catalytic Reactivity of Sn Substituted in Framework Locations and at Defect Grain Boundaries in Sn-Zeolites. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason S. Bates
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Brandon C. Bukowski
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - James W. Harris
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeffrey Greeley
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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10
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Cordon MJ, Hall JN, Harris JW, Bates JS, Hwang SJ, Gounder R. Deactivation of Sn-Beta zeolites caused by structural transformation of hydrophobic to hydrophilic micropores during aqueous-phase glucose isomerization. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy02589d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spectroscopic, titration and kinetic methods were used to probe the deactivation of Sn-Beta in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Cordon
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Jacklyn N. Hall
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - James W. Harris
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Jason S. Bates
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Son-Jong Hwang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- California Institute of Technology
- Pasadena
- USA
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
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11
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Joshi R, Zhang G, Miller JT, Gounder R. Evidence for the Coordination–Insertion Mechanism of Ethene Dimerization at Nickel Cations Exchanged onto Beta Molecular Sieves. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Joshi
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Miller
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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12
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Cordon MJ, Harris JW, Vega-Vila JC, Bates JS, Kaur S, Gupta M, Witzke ME, Wegener EC, Miller JT, Flaherty DW, Hibbitts DD, Gounder R. Dominant Role of Entropy in Stabilizing Sugar Isomerization Transition States within Hydrophobic Zeolite Pores. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:14244-14266. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Cordon
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - James W. Harris
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Juan Carlos Vega-Vila
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jason S. Bates
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Sukhdeep Kaur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Mohit Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Megan E. Witzke
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Evan C. Wegener
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Miller
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - David W. Flaherty
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David D. Hibbitts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, 1030 Center Drive, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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13
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Influence of confining environment polarity on ethanol dehydration catalysis by Lewis acid zeolites. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Bravo-Suárez JJ, Srinivasan PD. Design characteristics of in situ and operando ultraviolet-visible and vibrational spectroscopic reaction cells for heterogeneous catalysis. CATALYSIS REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/01614940.2017.1360071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Bravo-Suárez
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Priya D. Srinivasan
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
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15
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Di Iorio JR, Nimlos CT, Gounder R. Introducing Catalytic Diversity into Single-Site Chabazite Zeolites of Fixed Composition via Synthetic Control of Active Site Proximity. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John R. Di Iorio
- Charles D. Davidson School
of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Claire T. Nimlos
- Charles D. Davidson School
of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Charles D. Davidson School
of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, 480 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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16
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Cybulskis VJ, Pradhan SU, Lovón-Quintana JJ, Hock AS, Hu B, Zhang G, Delgass WN, Ribeiro FH, Miller JT. The Nature of the Isolated Gallium Active Center for Propane Dehydrogenation on Ga/SiO2. Catal Letters 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-017-2028-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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