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Krat S, Prishvitsyn A, Alieva A, Efimov N, Vinitskiy E, Ulasevich D, Izarova A, Podolyako F, Belov A, Meshcheryakov A, Ongena J, Kharchev N, Chernenko A, Khayrutdinov R, Lukash V, Sinelnikov D, Bulgadaryan D, Sorokin I, Gubskiy K, Kaziev A, Kolodko D, Tumarkin V, Isakova A, Grunin A, Begrambekov L, Voskoboinikov R, Melnikov A. MEPhIST-0 Tokamak for Education and Research. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2022.2149033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Krat
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Prishvitsyn
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Alieva
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. Efimov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. Vinitskiy
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. Ulasevich
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Izarova
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - F. Podolyako
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Belov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - J. Ongena
- Koninklijke Militaire School—Ecole Royale Militaire, Brussels, Belgium
| | - N. Kharchev
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Chernenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - R. Khayrutdinov
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. Lukash
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. Sinelnikov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. Bulgadaryan
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. Sorokin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Fryazino Branch, Fryazino, Russia
| | - K. Gubskiy
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Kaziev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. Kolodko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Kotel’nikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Fryazino Branch, Fryazino, Russia
| | - V. Tumarkin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Isakova
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. Grunin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - L. Begrambekov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
| | - R. Voskoboinikov
- Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A. Melnikov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
- National Research Center, Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
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Lee JS, Lee DG, Lee KC, Juhn JW, Ghim YC. Development of a forward model for Bayesian analysis of a single crystal dispersion interferometer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:033520. [PMID: 33819990 DOI: 10.1063/5.0043632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Single Crystal Dispersion Interferometer (SCDI) is a newly developed dispersion interferometer (DI) system installed on KSTAR and has obtained the first data successfully in January 2020. Unlike conventional heterodyne DI systems, which use two nonlinear crystals, only one nonlinear crystal is used to eliminate the difficulty in overlapping the first and second harmonic beams, aligning and focusing the beams to a small aperture of the second nonlinear crystal, and resolving a problem of significant efforts to maintain the beam alignment to the second nonlinear crystal after a long beam transmission. The second nonlinear crystal is replaced by a frequency doubler, a simple electronic component. To infer a line integrated electron density with its associated uncertainty consistent with the measured data, we develop a forward model of the KSTAR SCDI that can be used as a likelihood within a Bayesian-based data analysis routine. The forward model consists of two main parts, which are an optical system and an electronics system, and it takes into account noises by modeling the mechanical vibrations and the electronic noises as Gaussian distributions, while the photon noise is modeled with a Poisson distribution. The developed forward model can be used for designing and improving the SCDI system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Seok Lee
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Geun Lee
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - K C Lee
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - J-W Juhn
- Korea Institute of Fusion Energy, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-C Ghim
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Yang C, Gao L, Chen Z, Ding Y, Rao B, Yang Z, Zhou Y. Design of a dispersion interferometer on a field-reversed configuration device. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:023508. [PMID: 33648125 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dispersion interferometry (DI) is a promising method for density measurement. Compared with the traditional interferometer, the DI is immune to mechanical vibration and can avoid the fringe jump error. In addition, a simple optical configuration is also one of the advantages of the DI. The electron density of the Huazhong University of Science and Technology field-reversed configuration (HFRC) device can reach 1020 m-3 with a pulse length of 50 µs. In this case, the DI based on the CO2 laser on the HFRC device adopts the heterodyne technique based on the acousto-optic modulator, which can increase the temporal resolution to 40 MHz. It can realize density fluctuation measurements in the MHz range. The test of each optical element, especially the nonlinear crystal, has been completed. The AgGaSe2 crystal can produce a second harmonic wave of about 52.5 µW when the incident CO2 power is 10 W. Based on these designs and tests, a DI system can be expected on the HFRC device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Gao
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yonghua Ding
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bo Rao
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhoujun Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yinan Zhou
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Akiyama T, Van Zeeland MA, Boivin RL, Carlstrom TN, Chavez JA, Muscatello CM, O'Neill R, Vasquez J, Watkins M, Martin W, Colio A, Finkenthal DK, Brower DL, Chen J, Ding WX, Perry M. A heterodyne dispersion interferometer for wide bandwidth density measurements on DIII-D. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:10B105. [PMID: 30399752 DOI: 10.1063/1.5037997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve both the density and particularly the temporal resolution beyond previous dispersion interferometers (DIs), a heterodyne technique based on an acousto-optic (AO) cell has been added to the DI. A 40 MHz drive frequency for the AO cell allows density fluctuation measurements into the MHz range. A CO2 laser-based heterodyne DI (HDI) installed on DIII-D has demonstrated that the HDI is capable of tracking the density evolution throughout DIII-D discharges, including disruption events and other rapid transient phenomena. The data also show good agreement with independent density measurements obtained with the existing DIII-D two-color interferometer. The HDI line-integrated density resolution sampled over a 1 s interval is ∼9 × 1017 m-2. Density fluctuations induced by MHD instabilities are also successfully measured by the HDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Akiyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M A Van Zeeland
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - R L Boivin
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - T N Carlstrom
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - J A Chavez
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - C M Muscatello
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - R O'Neill
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - J Vasquez
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - M Watkins
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - W Martin
- General Atomics, P.O. Box 85608, San Diego, California 92186-5608, USA
| | - A Colio
- Palomar College, San Marcos, California 92069, USA
| | | | - D L Brower
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Chen
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - W X Ding
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - M Perry
- California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, California 92096, USA
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Akiyama T, Sirinelli A, Watts C, Shigin P, Vayakis G, Walsh M. Design of a dispersion interferometer combined with a polarimeter to increase the electron density measurement reliability on ITER. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:11E133. [PMID: 27910496 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A dispersion interferometer is a reliable density measurement system and is being designed as a complementary density diagnostic on ITER. The dispersion interferometer is inherently insensitive to mechanical vibrations, and a combined polarimeter with the same line of sight can correct fringe jump errors. A proof of the principle of the CO2 laser dispersion interferometer combined with the PEM polarimeter was recently conducted, where the phase shift and the polarization angle were successfully measured simultaneously. Standard deviations of the line-average density and the polarization angle measurements over 1 s are 9 × 1016 m-2 and 0.19°, respectively, with a time constant of 100 μs. Drifts of the zero point, which determine the resolution in steady-state operation, correspond to 0.25% and 1% of the phase shift and the Faraday rotation angle expected on ITER.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Akiyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A Sirinelli
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - C Watts
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - P Shigin
- NRNU MEPhI, 31 Kashirskoe sh., Moscow 115409, Russian Federation
| | - G Vayakis
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - M Walsh
- ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon, CS 90 046, 13067 St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
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