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Ghimenti F, Berthier L, Szamel G, van Wijland F. Transverse forces and glassy liquids in infinite dimensions. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:064133. [PMID: 39020981 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.064133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
We explore the dynamics of a simple liquid whose particles, in addition to standard potential-based interactions, are also subjected to transverse forces preserving the Boltzmann distribution. We derive the effective dynamics of one and two tracer particles in the infinite-dimensional limit. We determine the amount of acceleration of the dynamics caused by the transverse forces, in particular in the vicinity of the glass transition. We analyze the emergence and evolution of odd transport phenomena induced by the transverse forces.
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2
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Küchler N, Horbach J. Understanding the swap Monte Carlo algorithm in a size-polydisperse model glassformer. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:024127. [PMID: 37723737 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.024127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of a polydisperse model glassformer are investigated by augmenting molecular dynamics (MD) simulation with swap Monte Carlo (SMC). Three variants of the SMC algorithm are analyzed with regard to convergence and performance. We elucidate the microscopic mechanism responsible for the drastic speed-up of structural relaxation at low temperature. It manifests in a stepwise increase of the mean-squared displacement when the timescale between the application of swap sweeps is significantly larger than a characteristic microscopic timescale. Compared to Newtonian dynamics, with the hybrid MD-SMC dynamics the glass transition shifts to a lower temperature and a different temperature dependence of the localization length is found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Küchler
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Horbach
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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3
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Gopinath G, Lee CS, Gao XY, An XD, Chan CH, Yip CT, Deng HY, Lam CH. Diffusion-Coefficient Power Laws and Defect-Driven Glassy Dynamics in Swap Acceleration. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:168002. [PMID: 36306762 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.168002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Particle swaps can drastically accelerate dynamics in glass. The mechanism is expected to be vital for a fundamental understanding of glassy dynamics. To extract defining features, we propose a partial swap model with a fraction ϕ_{s} of swap-initiating particles, which can only swap locally with each other or with regular particles. We focus on the swap-dominating regime. At all temperatures studied, particle diffusion coefficients scale with ϕ_{s} in unexpected power laws with temperature-dependent exponents, consistent with the kinetic picture of glassy dynamics. At small ϕ_{s}, swap initiators, becoming defect particles, induce remarkably typical glassy dynamics of regular particles. This supports defect models of glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautham Gopinath
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Shing Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Gao
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Dong An
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chor-Hoi Chan
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Cho-Tung Yip
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hai-Yao Deng
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, 5 The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Chi-Hang Lam
- Department of Applied Physics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
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4
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Nishikawa Y, Ikeda A, Berthier L. Collective dynamics in a glass-former with Mari-Kurchan interactions. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:244503. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0096356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We numerically study the equilibrium relaxation dynamics of a two-dimensional Mari-Kurchan glass model. The tree-like structure of particle interactions forbids both non-trivial structural motifs and the emergence of a complex free-energy landscape leading to a thermodynamic glass transition, while the finite-dimensional nature of the model prevents the existence of a mode-coupling singularity. Nevertheless, the equilibrium relaxation dynamics is shown to be in excellent agreement with simulations performed in conventional glass-formers. Averaged time-correlation functions display a phenomenology typical of supercooled liquids, including the emergence of an excess signal in relaxation spectra at intermediate frequencies. We show that this evolution is accompanied by strong signatures of collective and heterogeneous dynamics which cannot be interpreted in terms of single particle hopping and emerge from dynamic facilitation. Our study demonstrates that an off-lattice interacting particle model with extremely simple structural correlations displays quantitatively realistic glassy dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Hagh VF, Nagel SR, Liu AJ, Manning ML, Corwin EI. Transient learning degrees of freedom for introducing function in materials. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2117622119. [PMID: 35512090 PMCID: PMC9171605 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2117622119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
SignificanceMany protocols used in material design and training have a common theme: they introduce new degrees of freedom, often by relaxing away existing constraints, and then evolve these degrees of freedom based on a rule that leads the material to a desired state at which point these new degrees of freedom are frozen out. By creating a unifying framework for these protocols, we can now understand that some protocols work better than others because the choice of new degrees of freedom matters. For instance, introducing particle sizes as degrees of freedom to the minimization of a jammed particle packing can lead to a highly stable state, whereas particle stiffnesses do not have nearly the same impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varda F. Hagh
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
- Department of Physics and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403
| | - Sidney R. Nagel
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Andrea J. Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - M. Lisa Manning
- Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244
- BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244
| | - Eric I. Corwin
- Department of Physics and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403
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6
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Ji W, de Geus TWJ, Agoritsas E, Wyart M. Mean-field description for the architecture of low-energy excitations in glasses. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:044601. [PMID: 35590661 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.044601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In amorphous materials, groups of particles can rearrange locally into a new stable configuration. Such elementary excitations are key as they determine the response to external stresses, as well as to thermal and quantum fluctuations. Yet, understanding what controls their geometry remains a challenge. Here we build a scaling description of the geometry and energy of low-energy excitations in terms of the distance to an instability, as predicted, for instance, at the dynamical transition in mean-field approaches of supercooled liquids. We successfully test our predictions in ultrastable computer glasses, with a gapped spectrum and an ungapped (regular) spectrum. Overall, our approach explains why excitations become less extended, with a higher energy and displacement scale upon cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Ji
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tom W J de Geus
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Agoritsas
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Wyart
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Baity-Jesi M, Biroli G, Reichman DR. Revisiting the concept of activation in supercooled liquids. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:77. [PMID: 34125327 PMCID: PMC8203548 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00077-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we revisit the description of dynamics based on the concepts of metabasins and activation in mildly supercooled liquids via the analysis of the dynamics of a paradigmatic glass former between its onset temperature [Formula: see text] and mode-coupling temperature [Formula: see text]. First, we provide measures that demonstrate that the onset of glassiness is indeed connected to the landscape, and that metabasin waiting time distributions are so broad that the system can remain stuck in a metabasin for times that exceed [Formula: see text] by orders of magnitude. We then reanalyze the transitions between metabasins, providing several indications that the standard picture of activated dynamics in terms of traps does not hold in this regime. Instead, we propose that here activation is principally driven by entropic instead of energetic barriers. In particular, we illustrate that activation is not controlled by the hopping of high energetic barriers and should more properly be interpreted as the entropic selection of nearly barrierless but rare pathways connecting metabasins on the landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giulio Biroli
- Departement de Physique Statistique, École Normale Supérieure, 75005, Paris, France
| | - David R Reichman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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8
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Ikeda H, Miyazaki K, Yoshino H, Ikeda A. Multiple glass transitions and higher-order replica symmetry breaking of binary mixtures. Phys Rev E 2021; 103:022613. [PMID: 33736072 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.022613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We extend the replica liquid theory in order to describe the multiple glass transitions of binary mixtures with large size disparities, by taking into account the two-step replica symmetry breaking (2RSB). We determine the glass phase diagram of the mixture of large and small particles in the large-dimension limit where the mean-field theory becomes exact. When the size ratio of particles is beyond a critical value, the theory predicts three distinct glass phases; (i) the one-step replica symmetery breaking (1RSB) double glass where both components vitrify simultaneously, (ii) the 1RSB single glass where only large particles are frozen while small particles remain mobile, and (iii) a glass phase called the 2RSB double glass where both components vitrify simultaneously but with an energy landscape topography distinct from the 1RSB double glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harukuni Ikeda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | | | - Hajime Yoshino
- Cybermedia Center, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Atushi Ikeda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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Ji W, de Geus TWJ, Popović M, Agoritsas E, Wyart M. Thermal origin of quasilocalized excitations in glasses. Phys Rev E 2021; 102:062110. [PMID: 33466080 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.062110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Key aspects of glasses are controlled by the presence of excitations in which a group of particles can rearrange. Surprisingly, recent observations indicate that their density is dramatically reduced and their size decreases as the temperature of the supercooled liquid is lowered. Some theories predict these excitations to cause a gap in the spectrum of quasilocalized modes of the Hessian that grows upon cooling, while others predict a pseudogap D_{L}(ω)∼ω^{α}. To unify these views and observations, we generate glassy configurations of controlled gap magnitude ω_{c} at temperature T=0, using so-called breathing particles, and study how such gapped states respond to thermal fluctuations. We find that (i) the gap always fills up at finite T with D_{L}(ω)≈A_{4}(T)ω^{4} and A_{4}∼exp(-E_{a}/T) at low T, (ii) E_{a} rapidly grows with ω_{c}, in reasonable agreement with a simple scaling prediction E_{a}∼ω_{c}^{4} and (iii) at larger ω_{c} excitations involve fewer particles, as we rationalize, and eventually become stringlike. We propose an interpretation of mean-field theories of the glass transition, in which the modes beyond the gap act as an excitation reservoir, from which a pseudogap distribution is populated with its magnitude rapidly decreasing at lower T. We discuss how this picture unifies the rarefaction as well as the decreasing size of excitations upon cooling, together with a stringlike relaxation occurring near the glass transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Ji
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tom W J de Geus
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marko Popović
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Agoritsas
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Wyart
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ozawa M, Scalliet C, Ninarello A, Berthier L. Does the Adam-Gibbs relation hold in simulated supercooled liquids? J Chem Phys 2019; 151:084504. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5113477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Ozawa
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Scalliet
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Ludovic Berthier
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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11
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Berthier L, Biroli G, Bouchaud JP, Tarjus G. Can the glass transition be explained without a growing static length scale? J Chem Phys 2019; 150:094501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5086509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Berthier
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Giulio Biroli
- Institut de physique théorique, Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Gilles Tarjus
- LPTMC, CNRS-UMR 7600, Sorbonne Université, 4 Pl. Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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12
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Berthier L, Charbonneau P, Kundu J. Bypassing sluggishness: SWAP algorithm and glassiness in high dimensions. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:031301. [PMID: 30999459 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.031301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent implementation of a swap Monte Carlo algorithm (SWAP) for polydisperse glass forming mixtures bypasses computational sluggishness and closes the gap between experimental and simulation timescales in physical dimensions d=2 and 3. Here, we consider suitably optimized systems in d=2,3,⋯,8 to obtain insights into the performance and underlying physics of SWAP. We show that the speedup obtained decays rapidly with increasing the dimension. SWAP nonetheless delays systematically the onset of the activated dynamics by an amount that remains seemingly finite in the limit d→∞. This shows that the glassy dynamics in high dimensions d>3 is now computationally accessible using SWAP, thus opening the door for the systematic consideration of finite-dimensional deviations from the mean-field description.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Berthier
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Charbonneau
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Joyjit Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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Ozawa M, Parisi G, Berthier L. Configurational entropy of polydisperse supercooled liquids. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:154501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5040975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Ozawa
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Giorgio Parisi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli studi di Roma La Sapienza, Nanotec-CNR, UOS Rome, INFN-Sezione di Roma 1, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovic Berthier
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Royall CP, Turci F, Tatsumi S, Russo J, Robinson J. The race to the bottom: approaching the ideal glass? JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:363001. [PMID: 29972145 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aad10a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Key to resolving the scientific challenge of the glass transition is to understand the origin of the massive increase in viscosity of liquids cooled below their melting temperature (avoiding crystallisation). A number of competing and often mutually exclusive theoretical approaches have been advanced to describe this phenomenon. Some posit a bona fide thermodynamic phase to an 'ideal glass', an amorphous state with exceptionally low entropy. Other approaches are built around the concept of the glass transition as a primarily dynamic phenomenon. These fundamentally different interpretations give equally good descriptions of the data available, so it is hard to determine which-if any-is correct. Recently however this situation has begun to change. A consensus has emerged that one powerful means to resolve this longstanding question is to approach the putative thermodynamic transition sufficiently closely, and a number of techniques have emerged to meet this challenge. Here we review the results of some of these new techniques and discuss the implications for the existence-or otherwise-of the thermodynamic transition to an ideal glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Patrick Royall
- HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom. School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock Close, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom. Centre for Nanoscience and Quantum Information, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1FD, United Kingdom
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