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Prestipino S, Pini D, Costa D, Malescio G, Munaò G. A density functional theory and simulation study of stripe phases in symmetric colloidal mixtures. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:204902. [PMID: 38010334 DOI: 10.1063/5.0177209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In a binary mixture, stripes refer to a one-dimensional periodicity of the composition, namely, a regular alternation of layers filled with particles of mostly one species. We have recently introduced [Munaò et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 25, 16227 (2023)] a model that possibly provides the simplest binary mixture endowed with stripe order. The model consists of two species of identical hard spheres with equal concentration, which mutually interact through a square-well potential. In that paper, we have numerically shown that stripes are present in both liquid and solid phases when the attraction range is rather long. Here, we study the phase behavior of the model in terms of a density functional theory capable to account for the existence of stripes in the dense mixture. Our theory is accurate in reproducing the phases of the model, at least insofar as the composition inhomogeneities occur on length scales quite larger than the particle size. Then, using Monte Carlo simulations, we prove the existence of solid stripes even when the square well is much thinner than the particle diameter, making our model more similar to a real colloidal mixture. Finally, when the width of the attractive well is equal to the particle diameter, we observe a different and more complex form of compositional order in the solid, where each species of particle forms a regular porous matrix holding in its holes the other species, witnessing a surprising variety of emergent behaviors for a very basic model of interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santi Prestipino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Pini
- Dipartimento di Fisica "A. Pontremoli," Università di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Dino Costa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Malescio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Munaò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche, Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra, Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Grabowska J, Blazquez S, Sanz E, Noya EG, Zeron IM, Algaba J, Miguez JM, Blas FJ, Vega C. Homogeneous nucleation rate of methane hydrate formation under experimental conditions from seeding simulations. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:114505. [PMID: 36948790 DOI: 10.1063/5.0132681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we shall estimate via computer simulations the homogeneous nucleation rate for the methane hydrate at 400 bars for a supercooling of about 35 K. The TIP4P/ICE model and a Lennard-Jones center were used for water and methane, respectively. To estimate the nucleation rate, the seeding technique was employed. Clusters of the methane hydrate of different sizes were inserted into the aqueous phase of a two-phase gas-liquid equilibrium system at 260 K and 400 bars. Using these systems, we determined the size at which the cluster of the hydrate is critical (i.e., it has 50% probability of either growing or melting). Since nucleation rates estimated from the seeding technique are sensitive to the choice of the order parameter used to determine the size of the cluster of the solid, we considered several possibilities. We performed brute force simulations of an aqueous solution of methane in water in which the concentration of methane was several times higher than the equilibrium concentration (i.e., the solution was supersaturated). From brute force runs, we infer the value of the nucleation rate for this system rigorously. Subsequently, seeding runs were carried out for this system, and it was found that only two of the considered order parameters were able to reproduce the value of the nucleation rate obtained from brute force simulations. By using these two order parameters, we estimated the nucleation rate under experimental conditions (400 bars and 260 K) to be of the order of log10 (J/(m3 s)) = -7(5).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grabowska
- Dpto. Química Física I, Fac. Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Blazquez
- Dpto. Química Física I, Fac. Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Sanz
- Dpto. Química Física I, Fac. Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - E G Noya
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, C/ Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - I M Zeron
- Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Química Computacional, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Universidad de Huelva, 21006 Huelva, Spain
| | - J Algaba
- Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Química Computacional, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Universidad de Huelva, 21006 Huelva, Spain
| | - J M Miguez
- Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Química Computacional, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Universidad de Huelva, 21006 Huelva, Spain
| | - F J Blas
- Laboratorio de Simulación Molecular y Química Computacional, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Universidad de Huelva, 21006 Huelva, Spain
| | - C Vega
- Dpto. Química Física I, Fac. Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Goswami Y, Sastry S. Liquid-liquid phase transition in deeply supercooled Stillinger-Weber silicon. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac204. [PMID: 36714873 PMCID: PMC9802493 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
The existence of a phase transition between two distinct liquid phases in single-component network-forming liquids (e.g. water, silica, silicon) has elicited considerable scientific interest. The challenge, both for experiments and simulations, is that the liquid-liquid phase transition (LLPT) occurs under deeply supercooled conditions, where crystallization occurs very rapidly. Thus, early evidence from numerical equation of state studies was challenged with the argument that slow spontaneous crystallization had been misinterpreted as evidence of a second liquid state. Rigorous free-energy calculations have subsequently confirmed the existence of a LLPT in some models of water, and exciting new experimental evidence has since supported these computational results. Similar results have so far not been found for silicon. Here, we present results from free-energy calculations performed for silicon modeled with the classical, empirical Stillinger-Weber-potential. Through a careful study employing state-of-the-art constrained simulation protocols and numerous checks for thermodynamic consistency, we find that there are two distinct metastable liquid states and a phase transition. Our results resolve a long-standing debate concerning the existence of a liquid-liquid transition in supercooled liquid silicon and address key questions regarding the nature of the phase transition and the associated critical point.
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Abstract
Molecular simulations have provided valuable insight into the microscopic mechanisms underlying homogeneous ice nucleation. While empirical models have been used extensively to study this phenomenon, simulations based on first-principles calculations have so far proven prohibitively expensive. Here, we circumvent this difficulty by using an efficient machine-learning model trained on density-functional theory energies and forces. We compute nucleation rates at atmospheric pressure, over a broad range of supercoolings, using the seeding technique and systems of up to hundreds of thousands of atoms simulated with ab initio accuracy. The key quantity provided by the seeding technique is the size of the critical cluster (i.e., a size such that the cluster has equal probabilities of growing or melting at the given supersaturation), which is used together with the equations of classical nucleation theory to compute nucleation rates. We find that nucleation rates for our model at moderate supercoolings are in good agreement with experimental measurements within the error of our calculation. We also study the impact of properties such as the thermodynamic driving force, interfacial free energy, and stacking disorder on the calculated rates.
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Condensation and Crystal Nucleation in a Lattice Gas with a Realistic Phase Diagram. ENTROPY 2022; 24:e24030419. [PMID: 35327929 PMCID: PMC8953323 DOI: 10.3390/e24030419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We reconsider model II of Orban et al. (J. Chem. Phys. 1968, 49, 1778−1783), a two-dimensional lattice-gas system featuring a crystalline phase and two distinct fluid phases (liquid and vapor). In this system, a particle prevents other particles from occupying sites up to third neighbors on the square lattice, while attracting (with decreasing strength) particles sitting at fourth- or fifth-neighbor sites. To make the model more realistic, we assume a finite repulsion at third-neighbor distance, with the result that a second crystalline phase appears at higher pressures. However, the similarity with real-world substances is only partial: Upon closer inspection, the alleged liquid−vapor transition turns out to be a continuous (albeit sharp) crossover, even near the putative triple point. Closer to the standard picture is instead the freezing transition, as we show by computing the free-energy barrier relative to crystal nucleation from the “liquid”.
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Blow KE, Quigley D, Sosso GC. The seven deadly sins: When computing crystal nucleation rates, the devil is in the details. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:040901. [PMID: 34340373 DOI: 10.1063/5.0055248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of crystals has proven to be one of the most challenging phase transformations to quantitatively model-let alone to actually understand-be it by means of the latest experimental technique or the full arsenal of enhanced sampling approaches at our disposal. One of the most crucial quantities involved with the crystallization process is the nucleation rate, a single elusive number that is supposed to quantify the average probability for a nucleus of critical size to occur within a certain volume and time span. A substantial amount of effort has been devoted to attempt a connection between the crystal nucleation rates computed by means of atomistic simulations and their experimentally measured counterparts. Sadly, this endeavor almost invariably fails to some extent, with the venerable classical nucleation theory typically blamed as the main culprit. Here, we review some of the recent advances in the field, focusing on a number of perhaps more subtle details that are sometimes overlooked when computing nucleation rates. We believe it is important for the community to be aware of the full impact of aspects, such as finite size effects and slow dynamics, that often introduce inconspicuous and yet non-negligible sources of uncertainty into our simulations. In fact, it is key to obtain robust and reproducible trends to be leveraged so as to shed new light on the kinetics of a process, that of crystal nucleation, which is involved into countless practical applications, from the formulation of pharmaceutical drugs to the manufacturing of nano-electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina E Blow
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - David Quigley
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele C Sosso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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Cheng B, Ceriotti M, Tribello GA. Classical nucleation theory predicts the shape of the nucleus in homogeneous solidification. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:044103. [PMID: 32007057 DOI: 10.1063/1.5134461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroscopic models of nucleation provide powerful tools for understanding activated phase transition processes. These models do not provide atomistic insights and can thus sometimes lack material-specific descriptions. Here, we provide a comprehensive framework for constructing a continuum picture from an atomistic simulation of homogeneous nucleation. We use this framework to determine the equilibrium shape of the solid nucleus that forms inside bulk liquid for a Lennard-Jones potential. From this shape, we then extract the anisotropy of the solid-liquid interfacial free energy, by performing a reverse Wulff construction in the space of spherical harmonic expansions. We find that the shape of the nucleus is nearly spherical and that its anisotropy can be perfectly described using classical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Cheng
- TCM Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom and Trinity College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gareth A Tribello
- Atomistic Simulation Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, United Kingdom
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Xu Y, Shen Y, Tao J, Lu Y, Chen H, Hou W, Jiang B. Selective nucleation of ice crystals depending on the inclination angle of nanostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1168-1173. [PMID: 31848543 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nucleation is decided by many factors, and surface morphology is one of the most important elements. This paper reports the selective ice nucleation and growth process on a series of nanorods with different inclinations, which were rarely mentioned in previous research studies. It is found that the nanorods with special inclinations can cause the selective nucleation of ice crystals because of the spatial geometry matching. On this basis, we can regulate the ice crystal types (mainly including cubic ice and hexagonal ice) accordingly and even improve the freezing efficiency via controlling the inclinations of surface nanorods. In particular, cubic ice occupies the dominant role in the ice crystal on the surface of 45°-inclination nanorods, yet 90°-inclination nanorods are more beneficial for the formation of hexagonal ice. The shape of the nanorods not only controls the type of ice crystal, but also changes the freezing efficiency because different ice crystals have an unequal nucleation energy barrier. There are no apparent differences in the freezing efficiency on nanostructures with 45°, 75° and 90° inclination nanorods, and 60°-inclination nanorods are more favorable for ice nucleation. Our studies can promote the understanding on the selective nucleation of ice crystals and provide a theoretical basis for achieving the regulation of freezing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjiangshan Xu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China.
| | - Yizhou Shen
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Tao
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Lu
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China.
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Qiuzhen School, Huzhou University, 759, East 2nd Road, Huzhou 313000, P. R. China
| | - Wenqing Hou
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China.
| | - Biao Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China.
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Montero de Hijes P, Espinosa JR, Sanz E, Vega C. Interfacial free energy of a liquid-solid interface: Its change with curvature. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:144501. [PMID: 31615240 DOI: 10.1063/1.5121026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyze the changes in the interfacial free energy between a spherical solid cluster and a fluid due to the change of the radius of the solid. Interfacial free energies from nucleation studies using the seeding technique for four different systems, being hard spheres, Lennard-Jones, and two models of water (mW and TIP4P/ICE), were plotted as a function of the inverse of the radius of the solid cluster. In all cases, the interfacial free energy was a linear function of the inverse of the radius of the solid cluster and this is consistent with Tolman's equation. This linear behavior is shown not only in isotherms but also along isobars. The effect of curvature on the interfacial free energy is more pronounced in water, followed by hard spheres, and smaller for Lennard-Jones particles. We show that it is possible to estimate nucleation rates of Lennard-Jones particles at different pressures by using information from simple NpT simulations and taking into account the variation of the interfacial free energy with the radius of the solid cluster. Neglecting the effects of the radius on the interfacial free energy (capillarity approximation) leads to incorrect values of the nucleation rate. For the Lennard-Jones system, the homogeneous nucleation curve is not parallel to the melting curve as was found for water in previous work. This is due to the increase in the interfacial free energy along the coexistence curve as the pressure increases. This work presents a simple and relatively straightforward way to approximately estimate nucleation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Montero de Hijes
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge R Espinosa
- Maxwell Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0H3, United Kingdom
| | - Eduardo Sanz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Vega
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Ballal D, Lu Q, Raju M, Song X. Studying vapor-liquid transition using a generalized ensemble. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:134108. [PMID: 31594333 DOI: 10.1063/1.5116252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Homogeneous vapor-liquid nucleation is studied using the generalized Replica Exchange Method (gREM). The generalized ensemble allows the study of unstable states that cannot directly be studied in the canonical ensemble. Along with replica exchange, this allows for efficient sampling of the multiple states in a single simulation. Statistical Temperature Weighted Histogram Analysis Method is used for postprocessing to get a continuous free energy curve from bulk vapor to bulk liquid. gREM allows the study of planar, cylindrical, and spherical interfaces in a single simulation. The excess Gibbs free energy for the formation of a spherical liquid droplet in vapor for a Lennard-Jones system is calculated from the free energy curve and compared against the umbrella sampling results. The nucleation free energy barrier obtained from gREM is then used to calculate the nucleation rate without relying on any classification scheme for separating the vapor and liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Ballal
- Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | - Xueyu Song
- Ames Laboratory, US Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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Niu H, Yang YI, Parrinello M. Temperature Dependence of Homogeneous Nucleation in Ice. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:245501. [PMID: 31322390 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.245501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ice nucleation is a process of great relevance in physics, chemistry, technology, and environmental sciences; much theoretical effort has been devoted to its understanding, but it still remains a topic of intense research. We shed light on this phenomenon by performing atomistic based simulations. Using metadynamics and a carefully designed set of collective variables, reversible transitions between water and ice are able to be simulated. We find that water freezes into a stacking disordered structure with the all-atom transferable intermolecular potential with 4 points/ice (TIP4P/ice) model, and the features of the critical nucleus of nucleation at the microscopic level are revealed. We have also estimated the ice nucleation rates along with other nucleation parameters at different undercoolings. Our results are in agreement with recent experimental and other theoretical works, and they confirm that nucleation is preceded by a large increase in tetrahedrally coordinated water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Niu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich c/o USI Campus, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Facoltà di Informatica, Instituto di Scienze Computationali, and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials MARVEL, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Yi Isaac Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich c/o USI Campus, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Facoltà di Informatica, Instituto di Scienze Computationali, and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials MARVEL, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Michele Parrinello
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich c/o USI Campus, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Facoltà di Informatica, Instituto di Scienze Computationali, and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials MARVEL, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Via Giuseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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Rovigatti L, Russo J, Romano F. How to simulate patchy particles ⋆. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2018; 41:59. [PMID: 29748868 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2018-11667-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Patchy particles is the name given to a large class of systems of mesoscopic particles characterized by a repulsive core and a discrete number of short-range and highly directional interaction sites. Numerical simulations have contributed significantly to our understanding of the behaviour of patchy particles, but, although simple in principle, advanced simulation techniques are often required to sample the low temperatures and long time-scales associated with their self-assembly behaviour. In this work we review the most popular simulation techniques that have been used to study patchy particles, with a special focus on Monte Carlo methods. We cover many of the tools required to simulate patchy systems, from interaction potentials to biased moves, cluster moves, and free-energy methods. The review is complemented by an educationally oriented Monte Carlo computer code that implements all the techniques described in the text to simulate a well-known tetrahedral patchy particle model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Rovigatti
- CNR-ISC, Uos Sapienza, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185, Roma, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale A. Moro 2, 00185, Roma, Italy.
| | - John Russo
- School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, BS8 1TW, Bristol, UK
| | - Flavio Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Molecolari e Nanosistemi, Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, Via Torino 155, 30172, Venezia Mestre, Italy
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Cheng B, Dellago C, Ceriotti M. Theoretical prediction of the homogeneous ice nucleation rate: disentangling thermodynamics and kinetics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:28732-28740. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04561e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
We computed the homogeneous ice nucleation rate, and disentangled and investigated all the relevant physical quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Cheng
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling
- Institute of Materials
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- 1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | | | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling
- Institute of Materials
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- 1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
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