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Zhan S, Wang C, Zhong L, Zhao L, Yang X, Guo AXY, Xiong W, Cheng L, Li R, Tang Z, Cao SC, Zhi C, Lv Lyu H. Insight into Anionic Discrepancies in Bipolar Poly(Thionine) Organic Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402767. [PMID: 39086056 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Electroactive organic electrode materials exhibit remarkable potential in aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their abundant availability, customizable structures, sustainability, and high reversibility. However, the research on AZIBs has predominantly concentrated on unraveling the storage mechanism of zinc cations, often neglecting the significance of anions in this regard. Herein, bipolar poly(thionine) is synthesized by a simple and efficient polymerization reaction, and the kinetics of different anions are investigated using poly(thionine) as the cathode of AZIBs. Notably, poly(thionine) is a bipolar organic polymer electrode material and exhibits enhanced stability in aqueous solutions compared to thionine monomers. Kinetic analysis reveals that ClO4 - exhibits the fastest kinetics among SO4 2-, Cl-, and OTF-, demonstrating excellent rate performance (109 mAh g-1 @ 0.5 A g-1 and 92 mAh g-1 @ 20 A g-1). Mechanism studies reveal that the poly(thionine) cathode facilitates the co-storage of both anions and cations in Zn(ClO4)2. Furthermore, the lower electrostatic potential of ClO4 - influences the strength of hydrogen bonding with water molecules, thereby enhancing the overall kinetics in aqueous electrolytes. This work provides an effective strategy for synthesizing high-quality organic materials and offers new insights into the kinetic behavior of anions in AZIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhan
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Leheng Zhong
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Linwei Zhao
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Amy X Y Guo
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liangjie Cheng
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ran Li
- Yan'an Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Energy, Key Laboratory of New Energy & New Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, 716000, China
| | - Zijie Tang
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Shan Cecilia Cao
- Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Chunyi Zhi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Haiming Lv Lyu
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mayer
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Knut R. Asmis
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstraße 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Knorke H, Li H, Warneke J, Liu ZF, Asmis KR. Cryogenic ion trap vibrational spectroscopy of the microhydrated sulfate dianions SO 42-(H 2O) 3-8. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:27732-27745. [PMID: 33242322 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04386a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Infrared photodissociation spectra of the D2-tagged microhydrated sulfate dianions with three to eight water molecules are presented over a broad spectral range that covers the OH stretching and H2O bending modes of the solvent molecules at higher energies, the sulfate stretching modes of the solute at intermediate energies and the intermolecular solute librational modes at the lowest energies. A low ion temperature combined with messenger-tagging ensures well-resolved vibrational spectra that allow for structure assignments based on a comparison to harmonic and anharmonic IR spectra from density functional theory (DFT) calculations. DFT ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are required to disentangle the broad and complex spectral signatures of microhydrated sulfate dianions in the OH stretching region and to identify systematic trends in the correlation of the strength and evolution of the solute-solvent and solvent-solvent interactions with cluster size. The onset for the formation of the second solvation shell is observed for n = 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Knorke
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 2, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Pica A, Graziano G. Effect of sodium thiocyanate and sodium perchlorate on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) collapse. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 22:189-195. [PMID: 31799525 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The T(collapse) of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAM, shows a nonlinear dependence on the concentration of NaSCN or NaClO4; in the case of NaClO4, for example, at very low concentrations of the salt, T(collapse) increases with the concentration, while it has an opposite trend at higher NaClO4 concentrations [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 14505]. These puzzling experimental data can be rationalized by considering that low charge density and poorly hydrated ions, such as thiocyanate and perchlorate, interact preferentially with the surface of the polymer, and cause an increase of the magnitude of the energetic term that stabilizes swollen conformations at low salt concentrations. However, as both swollen and collapsed PNIPAM conformations are accessible to such ions in view of their large conformational freedom, the difference in the number of ions bound to PNIPAM surface upon collapse changes little on increasing the salt concentration. Thus, the energetic term that favors swollen conformations increases with salt concentration to a lesser extent than the solvent-excluded volume term (linked to the density increase caused by salt addition to water), that favors collapsed conformations, leading to a nonlinear trend of T(collapse).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pica
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Grenoble Outstation, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
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Tu S, Lobanov SS, Bai J, Zhong H, Gregerson J, Rogers AD, Ehm L, Parise JB. Enhanced Formation of Solvent-Shared Ion Pairs in Aqueous Calcium Perchlorate Solution toward Saturated Concentration or Deep Supercooling Temperature and Its Effects on the Water Structure. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:9654-9667. [PMID: 31638809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b08009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a candidate of Martian salts, calcium perchlorate [Ca(ClO4)2] has the potential to stabilize liquid water on the Martian surface because of its hygroscopicity and low freezing temperature when forming aqueous solution. These two properties of electrolytes in general have been suggested to result from the specific cation-anion-water interaction (ion pairing) that interrupts the structure of solvent water. To investigate how this concentration-dependent and temperature-dependent ion pairing process in aqueous Ca(ClO4)2 solution leads to its high hygroscopic property and the extreme low eutectic temperature, we have conducted two sets of experiments. First, the effects of concentration on aqueous calcium perchlorate from 3 to 7.86 m on ion pairing were investigated using Raman spectroscopy. Deconvolution of the Raman symmetric stretching band (ν1) of ClO4- showed the enhanced formation of solvent-shared ion pairs upon increasing salt concentration at room temperature. We have confirmed that the low tendency of forming contact ion pairs in concentrated solution contributes to the high hygroscopicity of the salt. Second, the near eutectic samples were studied as a function of temperature by both combined differential scanning calorimetry-Raman spectroscopic experiments and in situ X-ray diffraction. The number of solvent-shared ion pairs was found to increase with decreasing temperature when cooled below the temperature of maximum density of the solution, driven by a change in water toward an ice-like structure in the supercooled regime. The massive presence of solvent-shared ion pairs in turn limits the development of the long-range order in the tetrahedral networks of water molecules, which is responsible for the extremely low eutectic point and deep supercooling effects observed in the Ca(ClO4)2-H2O system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Tu
- Department of Geosciences , Stony Brook University , 255 Earth and Space Science Building , Stony Brook , New York 11794-2100 , United States
| | - Sergey S Lobanov
- Department of Geosciences , Stony Brook University , 255 Earth and Space Science Building , Stony Brook , New York 11794-2100 , United States.,GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences , Section 3.6, Telegrafenberg , 14473 Potsdam , Germany
| | - Jianming Bai
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973-5000 , United States
| | - Hui Zhong
- Joint Photon Sciences Institute , Stony Brook University , Earth and Space Science Building , Stony Brook , New York 11790-2100 , United States
| | - Jason Gregerson
- Department of Geosciences , Stony Brook University , 255 Earth and Space Science Building , Stony Brook , New York 11794-2100 , United States
| | - A Deanne Rogers
- Department of Geosciences , Stony Brook University , 255 Earth and Space Science Building , Stony Brook , New York 11794-2100 , United States
| | - Lars Ehm
- Department of Geosciences , Stony Brook University , 255 Earth and Space Science Building , Stony Brook , New York 11794-2100 , United States.,National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973-5000 , United States
| | - John B Parise
- Department of Geosciences , Stony Brook University , 255 Earth and Space Science Building , Stony Brook , New York 11794-2100 , United States.,National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973-5000 , United States.,Joint Photon Sciences Institute , Stony Brook University , Earth and Space Science Building , Stony Brook , New York 11790-2100 , United States.,Chemistry Department , Stony Brook University , 104 Chemistry Building , Stony Brook , New York 11790-3400 , United States
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Henderson BV, Jordan KD. One-Dimensional Adiabatic Model Approach for Calculating Progressions in Vibrational Spectra of Ion–Water Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:7042-7050. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan V. Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Kenneth D. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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