1
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Wulfmeier KM, Blower PJ, Fajardo GP, Huband S, de Rosales RTM, Walker D, Terry SY, Abbate V, Pellico J. Mechanisms of inclusion of thallium-201 into Prussian blue nanoparticles for nuclear medicine applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:8087-8098. [PMID: 39007256 PMCID: PMC11340343 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb01203h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Prussian blue is known for its high affinity for thallium and other univalent metal cations and has been used as a treatment for radiocaesium and thallium/radiothallium poisoning. While Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBNPs) show potential for binding radioactive thallium for further use in nuclear medicine applications, the inclusion mechanism remains elusive. Understanding the interaction between PBNPs and 201Tl is essential for identifying the physicochemical and radiochemical properties required for optimal in vivo performance. In this work, we evaluated the binding mechanism between Tl and PBNPs with different coatings and core shapes. Combining PBNPs with [201Tl] thallium(I) chloride provided high radiolabelling yields and radiochemical stabilities under physiological conditions. Comprehensive characterisation by different X-ray techniques confirmed that Tl ions are located in the interstitial sites within the crystal structure, maintaining the integrity of the iron (Fe) 4p electronic distribution and inducing local modifications in the nearby C-N ligands. Additionally, this inclusion does not impact the core or the shell of the nanoparticles but does alter their ionic composition. The PB ionic network undergoes significant changes, with a substantial drop in K+ content, confirming that Tl+ ions replace K+ and occupy additional spaces within the crystal structure. These results open new opportunities in nuclear medicine applications with 201Tl-PBNPs where the size, shape and composition of the particles can be specifically tuned depending on the desired biological properties without affecting the radiochemical performance as a vehicle for 201Tl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Wulfmeier
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Philip J Blower
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | | | | | - Rafael T M de Rosales
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - David Walker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, UK
| | - Samantha Ya Terry
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Juan Pellico
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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2
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Blanes-Díaz A, Shohel M, Rice NT, Piedmonte I, McDonald MA, Jorabchi K, Kozimor SA, Bertke JA, Nyman M, Knope KE. Synthesis and Characterization of Cerium-Oxo Clusters Capped by Acetylacetonate. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9406-9417. [PMID: 37792316 PMCID: PMC11134509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Cerium-oxo clusters have applications in fields ranging from catalysis to electronics and also hold the potential to inform on aspects of actinide chemistry. Toward this end, a cerium-acetylacetonate (acac1-) monomeric molecule, Ce(acac)4 (Ce-1), and two acac1--decorated cerium-oxo clusters, [Ce10O8(acac)14(CH3O)6(CH3OH)2]·10.5MeOH (Ce-10) and [Ce12O12(OH)4(acac)16(CH3COO)2]·6(CH3CN) (Ce-12), were prepared and structurally characterized. The Ce(acac)4 monomer contains CeIV. Crystallographic data and bond valence summation values for the Ce-10 and Ce-12 clusters are consistent with both clusters having a mixture of CeIII and CeIV cations. Ce L3-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy, performed on Ce-10, showed contributions from both CeIII and CeIV. The Ce-10 cluster is built from a hexameric cluster, with six CeIV sites, that is capped by two dimeric CeIII units. By comparison, Ce-12, which formed upon dissolution of Ce-10 in acetonitrile, consists of a central decamer built from edge sharing CeIV hexameric units, and two monomeric CeIII sites that are bound on the outer corners of the inner Ce10 core. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry data for solutions prepared by dissolving Ce-10 in acetonitrile showed that the major ions could be attributed to Ce10 clusters that differed primarily in the number of acac1-, OH1-, MeO1-, and O2- ligands. Small angle X-ray scattering measurements for Ce-10 dissolved in acetonitrile showed structural units slightly larger than either Ce10 or Ce12 in solution, likely due to aggregation. Taken together, these results suggest that the acetylacetonate supported clusters can support diverse solution-phase speciation in organic solutions that could lead to stabilization of higher order cerium containing clusters, such as cluster sizes that are greater than the Ce10 and Ce12 reported herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamar Blanes-Díaz
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Mohammad Shohel
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Natalie T. Rice
- Los
Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ida Piedmonte
- Los
Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Morgan A. McDonald
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Kaveh Jorabchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Stosh A. Kozimor
- Los
Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Jeffery A. Bertke
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - May Nyman
- Department
of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Karah E. Knope
- Department
of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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3
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Krishnan A, Lee DC, Slagle I, Ahsan S, Mitra S, Read E, Alamgir FM. Monitoring Redox Processes in Lithium-Ion Batteries by Laboratory-Scale Operando X-ray Emission Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:16096-16105. [PMID: 38502716 PMCID: PMC10995943 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Tracking changes in the chemical state of transition metals in alkali-ion batteries is crucial to understanding the redox chemistry during operation. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is often used to follow the chemistry through observed changes in the chemical state and local atomic structure as a function of the state-of-charge (SoC) in batteries. In this study, we utilize an operando X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) method to observe changes in the chemical state of active elements in batteries during operation. Operando XES and XAS were compared by using a laboratory-scale setup for four different battery systems: LiCoO2 (LCO), Li[Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3]O2 (NMC111), Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 (NMC811), and LiFePO4 (LFP) under a constant current charging the battery in 10 h (C/10 charge rate). We show that XES, despite narrower chemical shifts in comparison to XAS, allows us to fingerprint the battery SOC in real time. We further demonstrate that XES can be used to track the change in net spin of the probed atoms by analyzing changes in the emission peak shape. As a test case, the connection between net spin and the local chemical and structural environment was investigated by using XES and XAS in the case of electrochemically delithiated LCO in the range of 2-10% lithium removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiram Krishnan
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | - Ian Slagle
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Sumaiyatul Ahsan
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | | | - Ethan Read
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Faisal M. Alamgir
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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4
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Novichkov D, Trigub A, Gerber E, Nevolin I, Romanchuk A, Matveev P, Kalmykov S. Laboratory-based X-ray spectrometer for actinide science. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2023; 30:1114-1126. [PMID: 37738030 PMCID: PMC10624025 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577523006926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies nowadays are advanced characterization methods for fundamental and applied actinide research. One of the advantages of these methods is to reveal slight changes in the structural and electronic properties of radionuclides. The experiments are generally carried out at synchrotrons. However, considerable progress has been made to construct laboratory-based X-ray spectrometers for X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies. Laboratory spectrometers are reliable, effective and accessible alternatives to synchrotrons, especially for actinide research, which allow dispensing with high costs of the radioactive sample transport and synchrotron time. Moreover, data from laboratory spectrometers, obtained within a reasonable time, are comparable with synchrotron results. Thereby, laboratory spectrometers can complement synchrotrons or can be used for preliminary experiments to find perspective samples for synchrotron experiments with better resolution. Here, the construction and implementation of an X-ray spectrometer (LomonosovXAS) in Johann-geometry at a radiochemistry laboratory is reported. Examples are given of the application of LomonosovXAS to actinide systems relevant to the chemistry of f-elements, the physical chemistry of nuclear power engineering and the long-term disposal of spent nuclear fuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil Novichkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Trigub
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Ploshchad Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow 123182, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny Gerber
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Iurii Nevolin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Romanchuk
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Petr Matveev
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Stepan Kalmykov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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5
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Dhakal D, Driscoll DM, Govind N, Stack AG, Rampal N, Schenter G, Mundy CJ, Fister TT, Fulton JL, Balasubramanian M, Seidler GT. The evolution of solvation symmetry and composition in Zn halide aqueous solutions from dilute to extreme concentrations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:22650-22661. [PMID: 37592924 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01559a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of cation-anion species, or contact ion pairs, is fundamental to understanding the physical properties of aqueous solutions when moving from the ideal, low-concentration limit to the manifestly non-ideal limits of very high solute concentration or constituent ion activity. We focus here on Zn halide solutions both as a model system and also as an exemplar of the applications spanning from (i) electrical energy storage via the paradigm of water in salt electrolyte (WiSE) to (ii) the physical chemistry of brines in geochemistry to (iii) the long-standing problem of nucleation. Using a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches we quantify the halide coordination number and changing coordination geometry without embedded use of theoretical equilibrium constants. These results and the associated methods, notably including the use of valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy, provide new insights into the Zn halide system and new research directions in the physical chemistry of concentrated electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diwash Dhakal
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Darren M Driscoll
- X-ray Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Andrew G Stack
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Nikhil Rampal
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, 37831, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Gregory Schenter
- Physical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Christopher J Mundy
- Physical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Timothy T Fister
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - John L Fulton
- Physical Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | | | - Gerald T Seidler
- Physics Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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6
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Ganesan P, Soans M, Cambaz MA, Zimmermanns R, Gond R, Fuchs S, Hu Y, Baumgart S, Sotoudeh M, Stepien D, Stein H, Groß A, Bresser D, Varzi A, Fichtner M. Fluorine-Substituted Halide Solid Electrolytes with Enhanced Stability toward the Lithium Metal. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:38391-38402. [PMID: 37527285 PMCID: PMC10437042 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The high ionic conductivity and good oxidation stability of halide-based solid electrolytes evoke strong interest in this class of materials. Nonetheless, the superior oxidative stability compared to sulfides comes at the expense of limited stability toward reduction and instability against metallic lithium anodes, which hinders their practical use. In this context, the gradual fluorination of Li2ZrCl6-xFx (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.2) is proposed to enhance the stability toward lithium-metal anodes. The mechanochemically synthesized fluorine-substituted compounds show the expected distorted local structure (M2-M3 site disorder) and significant change in the overall Li-ion migration barrier. Theoretical calculations reveal an approximate minimum energy path for Li2ZrCl6-xFx (x = 0 and 0.5) with an increase in the Li+ migration energy barrier for Li2ZrCl5.5F0.5 in comparison to Li2ZrCl6. However, it is found that the fluorine-substituted compound exhibits substantially lower polarization after 800 h of lithium stripping and plating owing to enhanced interfacial stability against the lithium metal, as revealed by density functional theory and ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thanks to the formation of a fluorine-rich passivating interphase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Ganesan
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Mervyn Soans
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Musa Ali Cambaz
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ramon Zimmermanns
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ritambhara Gond
- Department
of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 538, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Fuchs
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yang Hu
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sebastian Baumgart
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, Oberberghof 7, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Mohsen Sotoudeh
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, Oberberghof 7, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Dominik Stepien
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Helge Stein
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Axel Groß
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, Oberberghof 7, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Dominic Bresser
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alberto Varzi
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fichtner
- Helmholtz
Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Karlsruhe
Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
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7
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Genz NS, Kallio A, Oord R, Krumeich F, Pokle A, Prytz Ø, Olsbye U, Meirer F, Huotari S, Weckhuysen BM. Operando Laboratory-Based Multi-Edge X-Ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy of Solid Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209334. [PMID: 36205032 PMCID: PMC9828672 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and especially X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) offers new opportunities in catalyst characterization and presents not only an alternative, but also a complementary approach to precious beamtime at synchrotron facilities. We successfully designed a laboratory-based setup for performing operando, quasi-simultaneous XANES analysis at multiple K-edges, more specifically, operando XANES of mono-, bi-, and trimetallic CO2 hydrogenation catalysts containing Ni, Fe, and Cu. Detailed operando XANES studies of the multielement solid catalysts revealed metal-dependent differences in the reducibility and re-oxidation behavior and their influence on the catalytic performance in CO2 hydrogenation. The applicability of operando laboratory-based XANES at multiple K-edges paves the way for advanced multielement catalyst characterization complementing detailed studies at synchrotron facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina S. Genz
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis groupDepartment of ChemistryUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Antti‐Jussi Kallio
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of HelsinkiP. O. Box 6400014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Ramon Oord
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis groupDepartment of ChemistryUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Frank Krumeich
- Laboratory of Inorganic ChemistryDepartment of ChemistryETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg 18093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Anuj Pokle
- Department of PhysicsCenter for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 10480316OsloNorway
| | - Øystein Prytz
- Department of PhysicsCenter for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 10480316OsloNorway
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 10330315OsloNorway
| | - Florian Meirer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis groupDepartment of ChemistryUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Simo Huotari
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of HelsinkiP. O. Box 6400014HelsinkiFinland
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis groupDepartment of ChemistryUtrecht UniversityUniversiteitsweg 993584 CGUtrechtThe Netherlands
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8
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Fan Q, Zuba MJ, Zong Y, Menon AS, Pacileo AT, Piper LFJ, Zhou G, Liu H. Surface Reduction Stabilizes the Single-Crystalline Ni-Rich Layered Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38795-38806. [PMID: 35972398 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The surface of the layered transition metal oxide cathode plays an important role in its function and degradation. Modification of the surface structure and chemistry is often necessary to overcome the debilitating effect of the native surface. Here, we employ a chemical reduction method using CaI2 to modify the native surface of single-crystalline layered transition metal oxide cathode particles. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy shows the formation of a conformal cubic phase at the particle surface, where the outmost layer is enriched with Ca. The modified surface significantly improves the long-term capacity retention at low rates of cycling, yet the rate capability is compromised by the impeded interfacial kinetics at high voltages. The lack of oxygen vacancy generation in the chemically induced surface phase transformation likely results in a dense surface layer that accounts for the improved electrochemical stability and impeded Li-ion diffusion. This work highlights the strong dependence of the electrode's (electro)chemical stability and intercalation kinetics on the surface structure and chemistry, which can be further tailored by the chemical reduction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglu Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Mateusz Jan Zuba
- Materials Science and Engineering, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Yanxu Zong
- Materials Science and Engineering, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Ashok S Menon
- WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony T Pacileo
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Louis F J Piper
- Materials Science and Engineering, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
- WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Guangwen Zhou
- Materials Science and Engineering, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering, Binghamton University, 4400 Parkway East, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
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9
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Umeshbabu E, Maddukuri S, Hu Y, Fichtner M, Munnangi AR. Influence of Chloride Ion Substitution on Lithium-Ion Conductivity and Electrochemical Stability in a Dual-Halogen Solid-State Electrolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:25448-25456. [PMID: 35623091 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Li+ conducting halide solid-state electrolytes (SEs) are developing as an alternative to contemporary oxide and sulfide SEs for all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) due to their high ionic conductivity, excellent chemical and electrochemical oxidation stability, and good deformability. However, the instability of halide SEs against the Li anode is still one of the key challenges that need to be addressed. Among halides, fluorides have shown a wider electrochemical stability window due to fluoride's high electronegativity and smaller ionic radius. However, the ionic conductivity of fluoride-based SEs is lower compared to other halide-based SEs. To achieve better interface stability with the Li anode, the presence of fluoride is not only advantageous for a wider potential window but also forms a stable passivation layer at the Li/SEs interface. Therefore, developing mixed halogen-based solid electrolytes, particularly fluorine and chlorine-based SEs are promising in ASSBs. Herein, we report dual halogen-based SEs, Li2ZrF6-xClx (0 ≤ x ≤ 2), synthesized via ball-milling. The X-ray diffraction results revealed that Li2ZrF6-xClx compounds crystallize in the trigonal phase (P3̅1m). Using impedance spectroscopy, an increase in Li+ conductivity with the increase in Cl content was observed for Li2ZrF6-xClx. Compared with x = 0, Li+ conductivity for the sample with x = 1 improved by ∼5 orders of magnitude. The Li+ conductivities for Li2ZrF5Cl1 at 25 and 100 °C are 5.5 × 10-7 and 2.1 × 10-5 S/cm, respectively. Moreover, Li2ZrF5Cl1 exhibits the widest electrochemical stability window and excellent Li interface stability. Our work indicates Li2ZrF6-xClx as an attractive material for optimization in the class of halide-based solid-state Li-ion conductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ediga Umeshbabu
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, Ulm 89081, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, Karlsruhe D-76021, Germany
| | - Satyanarayana Maddukuri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Yang Hu
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fichtner
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU) for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtzstraße 11, Ulm 89081, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 3640, Karlsruhe D-76021, Germany
| | - Anji Reddy Munnangi
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, U.K
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10
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Seddon-Ferretti ME, Mottram LM, Stennett MC, Corkhill CL, Hyatt NC. HERMES - a GUI-based software tool for pre-processing of X-ray absorption spectroscopy data from laboratory Rowland circle spectrometers. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2022; 29:276-279. [PMID: 34985445 PMCID: PMC8733975 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521012583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
HERMES, a graphical user interface software tool, is presented, for pre-processing X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data from laboratory Rowland circle spectrometers, to meet the data handling needs of a growing community of practice. HERMES enables laboratory XAS data to be displayed for quality assessment, merging of data sets, polynomial fitting of smoothly varying data, and correction of data to the true energy scale and for dead-time and leakage effects. The software is written in Java 15 programming language, and runs on major computer operating systems, with graphics implementation using the JFreeChart toolkit. HERMES is freely available and distributed under an open source licence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco E. Seddon-Ferretti
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
- Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Regent Court, Sheffield S1 4DP, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy M. Mottram
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Martin C. Stennett
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Claire L. Corkhill
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - Neil C. Hyatt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
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11
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Gerz I, Jannuzzi SAV, Hylland KT, Negri C, Wragg DS, Øien‐Ødegaard S, Tilset M, Olsbye U, DeBeer S, Amedjkouh M. Structural Elucidation, Aggregation, and Dynamic Behaviour of N,N,N,N-Copper(I) Schiff Base Complexes in Solid and in Solution: A Combined NMR, X-ray Spectroscopic and Crystallographic Investigation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021; 2021:4762-4775. [PMID: 35874966 PMCID: PMC9298233 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of Cu(I) complexes of bidentate or tetradentate Schiff base ligands bearing either 1-H-imidazole or pyridine moieties were synthesized. The complexes were studied by a combination of NMR and X-ray spectroscopic techniques. The differences between the imidazole- and pyridine-based ligands were examined by 1H, 13C and 15N NMR spectroscopy. The magnitude of the 15Nimine coordination shifts was found to be strongly affected by the nature of the heterocycle in the complexes. These trends showed good correlation with the obtained Cu-Nimine bond lengths from single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements. Variable-temperature NMR experiments, in combination with diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) revealed that one of the complexes underwent a temperature-dependent interconversion between a monomer, a dimer and a higher aggregate. The complexes bearing tetradentate imidazole ligands were further studied using Cu K-edge XAS and VtC XES, where DFT-assisted assignment of spectral features suggested that these complexes may form polynuclear oligomers in solid state. Additionally, the Cu(II) analogue of one of the complexes was incorporated into a metal-organic framework (MOF) as a way to obtain discrete, mononuclear complexes in the solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Gerz
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP. O. Box 1033 Blindern0315OsloNorway
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 1126 Blindern0316OsloNorway
| | | | - Knut T. Hylland
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP. O. Box 1033 Blindern0315OsloNorway
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 1126 Blindern0316OsloNorway
| | - Chiara Negri
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP. O. Box 1033 Blindern0315OsloNorway
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 1126 Blindern0316OsloNorway
| | - David S. Wragg
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP. O. Box 1033 Blindern0315OsloNorway
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 1126 Blindern0316OsloNorway
| | - Sigurd Øien‐Ødegaard
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP. O. Box 1033 Blindern0315OsloNorway
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 1126 Blindern0316OsloNorway
| | - Mats Tilset
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP. O. Box 1033 Blindern0315OsloNorway
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 1126 Blindern0316OsloNorway
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP. O. Box 1033 Blindern0315OsloNorway
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 1126 Blindern0316OsloNorway
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Department of Inorganic SpectroscopyMax Planck Institute for Chemical Energy ConversionStiftstraße 34–3645470Mülheim an der RuhrGermany
| | - Mohamed Amedjkouh
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OsloP. O. Box 1033 Blindern0315OsloNorway
- Centre for Materials Science and NanotechnologyUniversity of OsloP.O. Box 1126 Blindern0316OsloNorway
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12
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Dixon Wilkins MC, Mottram LM, Maddrell ER, Stennett MC, Corkhill CL, Kvashnina KO, Hyatt NC. Synthesis, Characterization, and Crystal Structure of Dominant Uranium(V) Brannerites in the UTi 2-xAl xO 6 System. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18112-18121. [PMID: 34787401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and crystal structure of a novel (dominant) uranium(V) brannerite of composition U1.09(6)Ti1.29(3)Al0.71(3)O6 is reported, as determined from Rietveld analysis of the high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data. Examination of the UTi2-xAlxO6 system demonstrated the formation of brannerite-structured compounds with varying Al3+ and U5+ contents, from U0.93(6)Ti1.64(3)Al0.36(3)O6 to U0.89(6)Ti1.00(3)Al1.00(3)O6. Substitution of Al3+ for Ti4+, with U5+ charge compensation, resulted in near-linear changes in the b and c unit cell parameters and the overall unit cell volume, as expected from ionic radii considerations. The presence of U5+ as the dominant oxidation state in near-single-phase brannerite compositions was evidenced by complementary laboratory U L3-edge and high-energy-resolution fluorescence-detected U M4-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy. No brannerite phase was found for compositions with Al3+/Ti4+ > 1, which would require a U6+ contribution for charge compensation. These data expand the crystal chemistry of uranium brannerites to the stabilization of dominant uranium(V) brannerites by the substitution of trivalent cations, such as Al3+, on the Ti4+ site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin C Dixon Wilkins
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K
| | - Lucy M Mottram
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K
| | - Ewan R Maddrell
- National Nuclear Laboratory, Sellafield, Cumbria CA20 1PG, U.K
| | - Martin C Stennett
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K
| | - Claire L Corkhill
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K
| | - Kristina O Kvashnina
- The Rossendorf Beamline at The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.,Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Neil C Hyatt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K
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13
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Demonstration of Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy of Transition Metals Using Xe/He Double Stream Gas Puff Target Soft X-ray Source. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237337. [PMID: 34885490 PMCID: PMC8658430 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A near 1-keV photons from the Xe/He plasma produced by the interaction of laser beam with a double stream gas puff target were employed for studies of L absorption edges of period 4 transitional metals with atomic number Z from 26 to 30. The dual-channel, compact NEXAFS system was employed for the acquisition of the absorption spectra. L1-3 absorption edges of the samples were identified in transmission mode using broadband emission from the Xe/He plasma to show the applicability of such source and measurement system to the NEXAFS studies of the transition metals, including magnetic materials.
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14
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Tetef S, Govind N, Seidler GT. Unsupervised machine learning for unbiased chemical classification in X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray emission spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:23586-23601. [PMID: 34651631 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02903g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a comprehensive computational study of unsupervised machine learning for extraction of chemically relevant information in X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and in valence-to-core X-ray emission spectra (VtC-XES) for classification of a broad ensemble of sulphorganic molecules. By progressively decreasing the constraining assumptions of the unsupervised machine learning algorithm, moving from principal component analysis (PCA) to a variational autoencoder (VAE) to t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE), we find improved sensitivity to steadily more refined chemical information. Surprisingly, when embedding the ensemble of spectra in merely two dimensions, t-SNE distinguishes not just oxidation state and general sulphur bonding environment but also the aromaticity of the bonding radical group with 87% accuracy as well as identifying even finer details in electronic structure within aromatic or aliphatic sub-classes. We find that the chemical information in XANES and VtC-XES is very similar in character and content, although they unexpectedly have different sensitivity within a given molecular class. We also discuss likely benefits from further effort with unsupervised machine learning and from the interplay between supervised and unsupervised machine learning for X-ray spectroscopies. Our overall results, i.e., the ability to reliably classify without user bias and to discover unexpected chemical signatures for XANES and VtC-XES, likely generalize to other systems as well as to other one-dimensional chemical spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Tetef
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Gerald T Seidler
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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15
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Strain and ligand effects in Pt-Ni alloys studied by valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13698. [PMID: 34211031 PMCID: PMC8249455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93068-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental detection of the Pt 5d densities of states in the valence band is conducted on a series of Pt-Ni alloys by high energy resolution valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy (VTC-XES) at the Pt L3-edge. VTC-XES measurements reveal that the Pt d-band centroid shifts away from the Fermi level upon dilution, accompanied by concentration-dependent Pt d-band width. The competition between the strain effect and ligand effect is observed experimentally for the first time. It is found that the d-band widths in Pt3Ni and PtNi are broader than that of Pt metal due to compressive strain which overcompensates the effect of dilution, while it is narrower in PtNi3 where the ligand effect dominates. VTC-XES is demonstrated to be a powerful tool to study the Pt d-band contribution to the valence band of Pt-based bimetallic. The implication for the enhanced activity of Pt-Ni catalysts in oxygen reduction reaction is discussed.
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16
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Sun SK, Mottram LM, Hyatt NC. On the existence of the compound “Ce3NbO7+” prepared under air atmosphere. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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Bes R, Takala S, Huotari S. Harmonics as an alternative method for measuring I 0 during x-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments at laboratory scale. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:043106. [PMID: 34243462 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the recent years, the advent of an efficient and compact laboratory-scale spectrometer for x-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments has been extensively reported in the literature. Such modern instruments offer the advantage to routinely use x-ray absorption spectroscopy on systematic studies, which is usually unconceivable at synchrotron radiation source facilities due to often limited time access. However, one limiting factor is the fact that due to laboratory x-ray source brightness compared to a synchrotron, two separate measures of the incoming and transmitted x-ray intensities, i.e., the so-called I0 and I1, respectively, are usually required. Herein, we introduce and discuss an alternative approach for measuring I0 and I1 simultaneously. Based on the usage of harmonics arising naturally from the use of monochromator crystals, the reliability and robustness of our proposed approach is demonstrated through experiments at the Co K-edge measured using Co metal foil and at the Nd L3-edge measured in Nd2O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Bes
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Takala
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simo Huotari
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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18
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Rankine CD, Penfold TJ. Progress in the Theory of X-ray Spectroscopy: From Quantum Chemistry to Machine Learning and Ultrafast Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:4276-4293. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c11267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. D. Rankine
- Chemistry—School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - T. J. Penfold
- Chemistry—School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
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19
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Timoshenko J, Roldan Cuenya B. In Situ/ Operando Electrocatalyst Characterization by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2021; 121:882-961. [PMID: 32986414 PMCID: PMC7844833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has become an indispensable method for probing the structure and composition of heterogeneous catalysts, revealing the nature of the active sites and establishing links between structural motifs in a catalyst, local electronic structure, and catalytic properties. Here we discuss the fundamental principles of the XAS method and describe the progress in the instrumentation and data analysis approaches undertaken for deciphering X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra. Recent usages of XAS in the field of heterogeneous catalysis, with emphasis on examples concerning electrocatalysis, will be presented. The latter is a rapidly developing field with immense industrial applications but also unique challenges in terms of the experimental characterization restrictions and advanced modeling approaches required. This review will highlight the new insight that can be gained with XAS on complex real-world electrocatalysts including their working mechanisms and the dynamic processes taking place in the course of a chemical reaction. More specifically, we will discuss applications of in situ and operando XAS to probe the catalyst's interactions with the environment (support, electrolyte, ligands, adsorbates, reaction products, and intermediates) and its structural, chemical, and electronic transformations as it adapts to the reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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20
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Speciation of Manganese in a Synthetic Recycling Slag Relevant for Lithium Recycling from Lithium-Ion Batteries. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lithium aluminum oxide has previously been identified to be a suitable compound to recover lithium (Li) from Li-ion battery recycling slags. Its formation is hampered in the presence of high concentrations of manganese (9 wt.% MnO2). In this study, mock-up slags of the system Li2O-CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-MnOx with up to 17 mol% MnO2-content were prepared. The manganese (Mn)-bearing phases were characterized with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis (XANES). The XRD results confirm the decrease of LiAlO2 phases from Mn-poor slags (7 mol% MnO2) to Mn-rich slags (17 mol% MnO2). The Mn-rich grains are predominantly present as idiomorphic and relatively large (>50 µm) crystals. XRD, EPMA and XANES suggest that manganese is present in the form of a spinel solid solution. The absence of light elements besides Li and O allowed to estimate the Li content in the Mn-rich grain, and to determine a generic stoichiometry of the spinel solid solution, i.e., (Li(2x)Mn2+(1−x))1+x(Al(2−z),Mn3+z)O4. The coefficients x and z were determined at several locations of the grain. It is shown that the aluminum concentration decreases, while the manganese concentration increases from the start (x: 0.27; z: 0.54) to the end (x: 0.34; z: 1.55) of the crystallization.
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21
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Wang Q, Zhang S, He H, Xie C, Tang Y, He C, Shao M, Wang H. Oxygen Vacancy Engineering in Titanium Dioxide for Sodium Storage. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3-19. [PMID: 33150730 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its low cost, natural abundance, nontoxicity, and excellent electrochemical stability. Oxygen vacancies, the most common point defects in TiO2 , can dramatically influence the physical and chemical properties of TiO2 , including band structure, crystal structure and adsorption properties. Recent studies have demonstrated that oxygen-deficient TiO2 can significantly enhance sodium storage performance. Considering the importance of oxygen vacancies in modifying the properties of TiO2 , the structural properties, common synthesis strategies, characterization techniques, as well as the contribution of oxygen-deficient TiO2 on initial Coulombic efficiency, cyclic stability, rate performance for sodium storage are comprehensively described in this review. Finally, some perspectives on the challenge and future opportunities for the development of oxygen-deficient TiO2 are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Hanna He
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Chunlin Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Yougen Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
| | - Chuanxin He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Energy Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China.,Fok Ying Tung Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Guangzhou, 511458, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, P. R. China
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22
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Honkanen AP, Huotari S. General method to calculate the elastic deformation and X-ray diffraction properties of bent crystal wafers. IUCRJ 2021; 8:102-115. [PMID: 33520246 PMCID: PMC7793001 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252520014165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Toroidally and spherically bent single crystals are widely employed as optical elements in hard X-ray spectrometry at synchrotron and free-electron laser light sources, and in laboratory-scale instruments. To achieve optimal spectrometer performance, a solid theoretical understanding of the diffraction properties of such crystals is essential. In this work, a general method to calculate the internal stress and strain fields of toroidally bent crystals and how to apply it to predict their diffraction properties is presented. Solutions are derived and discussed for circular and rectangular spherically bent wafers due to their prevalence in contemporary instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari-Pekka Honkanen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Simo Huotari
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Miaja-Avila L, O’Neil GC, Joe YI, Morgan KM, Fowler JW, Doriese WB, Ganly B, Lu D, Ravel B, Swetz DS, Ullom JN. Valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy of titanium compounds using energy dispersive detectors. X-RAY SPECTROMETRY : XRS 2021; 50:10.1002/xrs.3183. [PMID: 39391149 PMCID: PMC11465483 DOI: 10.1002/xrs.3183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) of transition metal compounds is a powerful tool for investigating the spin and oxidation state of the metal centers. Valence-to-core (vtc) XES is of special interest, as it contains information on the ligand nature, hybridization, and protonation. To date, most vtc-XES studies have been performed with high-brightness sources, such as synchrotrons, due to the weak fluorescence lines from vtc transitions. Here, we present a systematic study of the vtc-XES for different titanium compounds in a laboratory setting using an X-ray tube source and energy dispersive microcalorimeter sensors. With a full-width at half-maximum energy resolution of approximately 4 eV at the Ti Kβ lines, we measure the XES features of different titanium compounds and compare our results for the vtc line shapes and energies to previously published and newly acquired synchrotron data as well as to new theoretical calculations. Finally, we report simulations of the feasibility of performing time-resolved vtc-XES studies with a laser-based plasma source in a laboratory setting. Our results show that microcalorimeter sensors can already perform high-quality measurements of vtc-XES features in a laboratory setting under static conditions and that dynamic measurements will be possible in the future after reasonable technological developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miaja-Avila
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Galen C. O’Neil
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Young Il Joe
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Kelsey M. Morgan
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Joseph W. Fowler
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado
| | | | | | - Deyu Lu
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York
| | - Bruce Ravel
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland
| | - Daniel S. Swetz
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Joel N. Ullom
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado
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24
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Zimmermann P, Peredkov S, Abdala PM, DeBeer S, Tromp M, Müller C, van Bokhoven JA. Modern X-ray spectroscopy: XAS and XES in the laboratory. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Hayashi H, Takaishi M. Highly Resolved Mn Kβ Emission: A Potential Probe in Laboratory for Analysis of Ligand Coordination around Mn Atoms in Gels and Solutions. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:1197-1201. [PMID: 32389903 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20p088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Mn Kβ spectra of Mn, MnO, MnSO4·H2O, KMnO4, 0.50 M MnSO4 aqueous solution, and the precipitation bands of Mn-Fe-based Prussian blue analogs formed in 2.4 wt.% agarose gel ("Gel") were measured using a laboratory-use X-ray setup with ∼2.6 eV instrumental resolution, which comprises a cylindrically bent Si (400) crystal monochromator and a spherically bent Ge (440) crystal analyzer. The oxidation-state dependent shift of the Mn Kβ1,3 peak (∼1 eV) was clearly observed for Mn, MnO, and KMnO4, confirming that the employed setup can acquire the key features of Mn Kβ spectra. The Mn Kβ spectra of MnSO4·H2O, the 0.50 M solution, and Gel exhibited small but distinguishable differences, whereas the spectra acquired at two positions in Gel were almost the same. These results suggest that highly resolved Mn Kβ spectra can be helpful for assessing ligand coordination around Mn atoms in gels and solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Hayashi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan.
| | - Mao Takaishi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Women's University, 2-8-1 Mejirodai, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 112-8681, Japan
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George SJ, Carpenter MH, Friedrich S, Cantor R. Feasibility of Laboratory-Based EXAFS Spectroscopy with Cryogenic Detectors. JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS 2020; 200:479-484. [PMID: 33776141 PMCID: PMC7990010 DOI: 10.1007/s10909-020-02474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy is a powerful technique that gives element-specific information about the structure of molecules. The development of a laboratory EXAFS spectrometer capable of measuring transmission spectra would be a significant advance as the technique is currently only available at synchrotron radiation lightsources. Here, we explore the potential of cryogenic detectors as the energy resolving component of a laboratory transmission EXAFS instrument. We examine the energy resolution, count-rate, and detector stability needed for good EXAFS spectra and compare these to the properties of cryogenic detectors and conventional X-ray optics. We find that superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) detectors are well-suited for this application.
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27
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Lafuerza S, Retegan M, Detlefs B, Chatterjee R, Yachandra V, Yano J, Glatzel P. New reflections on hard X-ray photon-in/photon-out spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:16270-16284. [PMID: 32760987 PMCID: PMC7808884 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr01983f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of the electronic structure and local coordination of an element is an important aspect in the study of the chemical and physical properties of materials. This is particularly relevant at the nanoscale where new phases of matter may emerge below a critical size. X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) at synchrotron radiation sources and free electron lasers has enriched the field of X-ray spectroscopy. The spectroscopic techniques derived from the combination of X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopy (XAS-XES), such as resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) and high energy resolution fluorescence detected (HERFD) XAS, are an ideal tool for the study of nanomaterials. New installations and beamline upgrades now often include wavelength dispersive instruments for the analysis of the emitted X-rays. With the growing use of XAS-XES, scientists are learning about the possibilities and pitfalls. We discuss some experimental aspects, assess the feasibility of measuring weak fluorescence lines in dilute, radiation sensitive samples, and present new experimental approaches for studying magnetic properties of colloidal nanoparticles directly in the liquid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lafuerza
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyres, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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28
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Holden WM, Jahrman EP, Govind N, Seidler GT. Probing Sulfur Chemical and Electronic Structure with Experimental Observation and Quantitative Theoretical Prediction of Kα and Valence-to-Core Kβ X-ray Emission Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5415-5434. [PMID: 32486638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c04195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An extensive experimental and theoretical study of the Kα and Kβ high-resolution X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) of sulfur-bearing systems is presented. This study encompasses a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds, including numerous experimental spectra from both prior published work and new measurements. Employing a linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT) approach, strong quantitative agreement is found in the calculation of energy shifts of the core-to-core Kα as well as the full range of spectral features in the valence-to-core Kβ spectrum. The ability to accurately calculate the sulfur Kα energy shift supports the use of sulfur Kα XES as a bulk-sensitive tool for assessing sulfur speciation. The fine structure of the sulfur Kβ spectrum, in conjunction with the theoretical results, is shown to be sensitive to the local electronic structure including effects of symmetry, ligand type and number, and, in the case of organosulfur compounds, to the nature of the bonded organic moiety. This agreement between theory and experiment, augmented by the potential for high-access XES measurements with the latest generation of laboratory-based spectrometers, demonstrates the possibility of broad analytical use of XES for sulfur and nearby third-row elements. The effective solution of the forward problem, i.e., successful prediction of detailed spectra from known molecular structure, also suggests future use of supervised machine learning approaches to experimental inference, as has seen recent interest for interpretation of X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES).
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Holden
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Evan P Jahrman
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Gerald T Seidler
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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29
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Fang Z, Wang R, Wang M, Zhong S, Ding L, Chen S. Effect of Reconstruction Algorithm on the Identification of 3D Printing Polymers Based on Hyperspectral CT Technology Combined with Artificial Neural Network. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E1963. [PMID: 32331359 PMCID: PMC7216274 DOI: 10.3390/ma13081963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyperspectral X-ray CT (HXCT) technology provides not only structural imaging but also the information of material components therein. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of various reconstruction algorithms on reconstructed X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of components shown in the CT image by means of HXCT. In this paper, taking 3D printing polymer as an example, seven kinds of commonly used polymers such as thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), carbon fiber reinforced polyamide (PA-CF), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), ultraviolet photosensitive resin (UV9400), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were selected as samples for hyperspectral CT reconstruction experiments. Seven kinds of 3D printing polymer and two interfering samples were divided into a training set and test sets. First, structural images of specimens were reconstructed by Filtered Back-Projection (FBP), Algebra Reconstruction Technique (ART) and Maximum-Likelihood Expectation-Maximization (ML-EM). Secondly, reconstructed XAS were extracted from the pixels of region of interest (ROI) compartmentalized in the images. Thirdly, the results of principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated that the first four principal components contain the main features of reconstructed XAS, so we adopted Artificial Neural Network (ANN) trained by the reconstructed XAS expressed by the first four principal components in the training set to identify that the XAS of corresponding polymers exist in both of test sets from the training set. The result of ANN displays that FBP has the best performance of classification, whose ten-fold cross-validation accuracy reached 99%. It suggests that hyperspectral CT reconstruction is a promising way of getting image features and material features at the same time, which can be used in medical imaging and nondestructive testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Siyuan Chen
- Instrument and Electrical Department, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; (Z.F.); (R.W.)
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30
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Ditter AS, Jahrman EP, Bradshaw LR, Xia X, Pauzauskie PJ, Seidler GT. A mail-in and user facility for X-ray absorption near-edge structure: the CEI-XANES laboratory X-ray spectrometer at the University of Washington. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2019; 26:2086-2093. [PMID: 31721755 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519012839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There are more than 100 beamlines or endstations worldwide that frequently support X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) measurements, thus providing critical enabling capability for research across numerous scientific disciplines. However, the absence of a supporting tier of more readily accessible, lower-performing options has caused systemic inefficiencies, resulting in high oversubscription and the omission of many scientifically and socially valuable XAFS applications that are incompatible with the synchrotron facility access model. To this end, this work describes the design, performance and uses of the Clean Energy Institute X-ray absorption near-edge structure (CEI-XANES) laboratory spectrometer and its use as both a user-present and mail-in facility. Such new additions to the XAFS infrastructure landscape raise important questions about the most productive interactions between synchrotron radiation and laboratory-based capabilities; this can be discussed in the framework of five categories, only one of which is competitive. The categories include independent operation on independent problems, use dictated by convenience, pre-synchrotron preparatory use of laboratory capability, post-synchrotron follow-up use of laboratory capability, and parallel use of both synchrotron radiation and laboratory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Ditter
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, PO Box 351650, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, USA
| | - Evan P Jahrman
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, PO Box 351650, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, USA
| | - Liam R Bradshaw
- Molecular Analysis Facility, University of Washington, 4000 15th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Xiaojing Xia
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Peter J Pauzauskie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, 3920 E. Stevens Way NE, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Gerald T Seidler
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, PO Box 351650, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, USA
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31
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Bergmann A, Roldan Cuenya B. Operando Insights into Nanoparticle Transformations during Catalysis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arno Bergmann
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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32
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Bi W, Wang J, Jahrman EP, Seidler GT, Gao G, Wu G, Cao G. Interface Engineering V 2 O 5 Nanofibers for High-Energy and Durable Supercapacitors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901747. [PMID: 31215181 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A local electric field is induced to engineer the interface of vanadium pentoxide nanofibers (V2 O5 -NF) to manipulate the charge transport behavior and obtain high-energy and durable supercapacitors. The interface of V2 O5 -NF is modified with oxygen vacancies (Vö) in a one-step polymerization process of polyaniline (PANI). In the charge storage process, the local electric field deriving from the lopsided charge distribution around Vö will provide Coulombic forces to promote the charge transport in the resultant Vö-V2 O5 /PANI nanocable electrode. Furthermore, an ≈7 nm porous PANI coating serves as the external percolated charge transport pathway. As the charge transfer kinetics are synergistically enhanced by the dual modifications, Vö-V2 O5 /PANI-based supercapacitors exhibit an excellent specific capacitance (523 F g-1 ) as well as a long cycling lifespan (110% of capacitance remained after 20 000 cycles). This work paves an effective way to promote the charge transfer kinetics of electrode materials for next-generation energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Bi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
| | - Jichao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Evan P Jahrman
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1560, USA
| | - Gerald T Seidler
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1560, USA
| | - Guohua Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guangming Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Guozhong Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-2120, USA
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33
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Zeeshan F, Hoszowska J, Loperetti-Tornay L, Dousse JC. In-house setup for laboratory-based x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy measurements. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:073105. [PMID: 31370460 DOI: 10.1063/1.5094873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on a laboratory-based facility for in-house x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements. The device consists of a conventional x-ray source for the production of the incident polychromatic radiation and a von Hamos bent crystal spectrometer for the analysis of the incoming and transmitted radiation. The reliability of the laboratory-based setup was evaluated by comparing the Cu K-edge and Ta L3-edge XAFS spectra obtained in-house with the corresponding spectra measured at a synchrotron radiation facility. To check the accuracy of the device, the K- and L-edge energies and the attenuation coefficients below and above the edges of several 3d, 4d, and 5d elements were determined and compared with the existing experimental and theoretical data. The dependence of the XAFS spectrum shape on the oxidation state of the sample was also probed by measuring inhouse the absorption spectra of metallic Fe and two Fe oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4).
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zeeshan
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - J Hoszowska
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - L Loperetti-Tornay
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - J-Cl Dousse
- Physics Department, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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34
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Bi W, Jahrman E, Seidler G, Wang J, Gao G, Wu G, Atif M, AlSalhi M, Cao G. Tailoring Energy and Power Density through Controlling the Concentration of Oxygen Vacancies in V 2O 5/PEDOT Nanocable-Based Supercapacitors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:16647-16655. [PMID: 30977632 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b03830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen vacancies (Vö) play a crucial role in energy storage materials. Oxygen-vacancy-enriched vanadium pentoxide/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (Vö-V2O5/PEDOT) nanocables were prepared through the one-pot oxidative polymerization of PEDOT. PEDOT is used to create tunable concentrations of Vö in the surface layer of V2O5, which has been confirmed by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements. Applied as electrode materials for supercapacitors, the electrochemical performance of Vö-V2O5/PEDOT is improved by the synergistic effects of Vö in V2O5 cores and PEDOT shells with rapid charge transfer and fast Na+ ion diffusion; however, it is compromised subsequently by excessive Vö in consuming more V5+ cations for Faradic reactions. Consequently, the specific capacitance and the energy density of Vö-V2O5/PEDOT nanocables are significantly enhanced when the overall concentration of Vö is 1.3%. The migration of Vö renders an increased capacitance (105% retention) after 10 000 cycles, which is verified and corroborated with density functional theory simulations and XANES analysis. This work provides an illumination for the fabrication of high-performance electrode materials in the energy storage field through Vö.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Bi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-2120 , United States
| | - Evan Jahrman
- Department of Physics , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1560 , United States
| | - Gerald Seidler
- Department of Physics , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-1560 , United States
| | - Jichao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Guohua Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Guangming Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering , Tongji University , Shanghai 200092 , China
| | - Muhammad Atif
- Physics and Astronomy Department, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - M AlSalhi
- Physics and Astronomy Department, College of Science , King Saud University , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Guozhong Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195-2120 , United States
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35
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Németh Z, Bajnóczi ÉG, Csilla B, Vankó G. Laboratory EXAFS determined structure of the stable complexes in the ternary Ni(ii)–EDTA–CN− system. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9239-9245. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00982e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of the ternary system Ni(ii)–EDTA–CN− are investigated with X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) as a function of cyanide concentration with an enhanced laboratory von Hámos X-ray spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Németh
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Éva G. Bajnóczi
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Bogdán Csilla
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
| | - György Vankó
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- Budapest
- Hungary
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