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Pios SV, Gelin MF, Ullah A, Dral PO, Chen L. Artificial-Intelligence-Enhanced On-the-Fly Simulation of Nonlinear Time-Resolved Spectra. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:2325-2331. [PMID: 38386692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Time-resolved spectroscopy is an important tool for unraveling the minute details of structural changes in molecules of biological and technological significance. The nonlinear femtosecond signals detected for such systems must be interpreted, but it is a challenging task for which theoretical simulations are often indispensable. Accurate simulations of transient absorption or two-dimensional electronic spectra are, however, computationally very expensive, prohibiting the wider adoption of existing first-principles methods. Here, we report an artificial-intelligence-enhanced protocol to drastically reduce the computational cost of simulating nonlinear time-resolved electronic spectra, which makes such simulations affordable for polyatomic molecules of increasing size. The protocol is based on the doorway-window approach for the on-the-fly surface-hopping simulations. We show its applicability for the prototypical molecule of pyrazine for which it produces spectra with high precision with respect to ab initio reference while cutting the computational cost by at least 95% compared to pure first-principles simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian V Pios
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, People's Republic of China
| | - Maxim F Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Arif Ullah
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Pavlo O Dral
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, People's Republic of China
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2
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Qiang Y, Sun K, Palacino-González E, Shen K, Rao BJ, Gelin MF, Zhao Y. Probing avoided crossings and conical intersections by two-pulse femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy: Theoretical study. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:054107. [PMID: 38341700 DOI: 10.1063/5.0186583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study leverages two-pulse femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (2FSRS) to characterize molecular systems with avoided crossings (ACs) and conical intersections (CIs) in their low-lying excited electronic states. By simulating 2FSRS spectra of microscopically inspired ACs and CIs models, we demonstrate that 2FSRS not only delivers valuable information on the molecular parameters characterizing ACs and CIs but also helps distinguish between these two systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Qiang
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Kewei Sun
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Elisa Palacino-González
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kaijun Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - B Jayachander Rao
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Maxim F Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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3
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Zhan S, Gelin MF, Huang X, Sun K. Ab initio simulation of peak evolutions and beating maps for electronic two-dimensional signals of a polyatomic chromophore. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:2890773. [PMID: 37191214 DOI: 10.1063/5.0150387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
By employing the doorway-window (DW) on-the-fly simulation protocol, we performed ab initio simulations of peak evolutions and beating maps of electronic two-dimensional (2D) spectra of a polyatomic molecule in the gas phase. As the system under study, we chose pyrazine, which is a paradigmatic example of photodynamics dominated by conical intersections (CIs). From the technical perspective, we demonstrate that the DW protocol is a numerically efficient methodology suitable for simulations of 2D spectra for a wide range of excitation/detection frequencies and population times. From the information content perspective, we show that peak evolutions and beating maps not only reveal timescales of transitions through CIs but also pinpoint the most relevant coupling and tuning modes active at these CIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siying Zhan
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Maxim F Gelin
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Kewei Sun
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Zhao Y. The hierarchy of Davydov's Ansätze: From guesswork to numerically "exact" many-body wave functions. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:080901. [PMID: 36859105 DOI: 10.1063/5.0140002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This Perspective presents an overview of the development of the hierarchy of Davydov's Ansätze and a few of their applications in many-body problems in computational chemical physics. Davydov's solitons originated in the investigation of vibrational energy transport in proteins in the 1970s. Momentum-space projection of these solitary waves turned up to be accurate variational ground-state wave functions for the extended Holstein molecular crystal model, lending unambiguous evidence to the absence of formal quantum phase transitions in Holstein systems. The multiple Davydov Ansätze have been proposed, with increasing Ansatz multiplicity, as incremental improvements of their single-Ansatz parents. For a given Hamiltonian, the time-dependent variational formalism is utilized to extract accurate dynamic and spectroscopic properties using Davydov's Ansätze as its trial states. A quantity proven to disappear for large multiplicities, the Ansatz relative deviation is introduced to quantify how closely the Schrödinger equation is obeyed. Three finite-temperature extensions to the time-dependent variation scheme are elaborated, i.e., the Monte Carlo importance sampling, the method of thermofield dynamics, and the method of displaced number states. To demonstrate the versatility of the methodology, this Perspective provides applications of Davydov's Ansätze to the generalized Holstein Hamiltonian, variants of the spin-boson model, and systems of cavity-assisted singlet fission, where accurate dynamic and spectroscopic properties of the many-body systems are given by the Davydov trial states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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5
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Jakučionis M, Žukas A, Abramavičius D. Inspecting molecular aggregate quadratic vibronic coupling effects using squeezed coherent states. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:1705-1716. [PMID: 36562503 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04212f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We present a systematic comparison of three quantum mechanical approaches describing excitation dynamics in molecular complexes using the time-dependent variational principle (TDVP) with increasing sophistication trial wavefunctions (ansatze): Davydov D2, squeezed D2 (sqD2) and a numerically exact multiple D2 (mD2) ansatz in order to characterize validity of the sqD2 ansatz. Numerical simulations of molecular aggregate absorption and fluorescence spectra with intra- and intermolecular vibrational modes, including quadratic electronic-vibrational (vibronic) coupling term, which is due to vibrational frequency shift upon pigment excitation are presented. Simulated absorption and fluorescence spectra of a J type molecular dimer with high frequency intramolecular vibrational modes obtained with D2 and sqD2 ansatze match the spectra of mD2 ansatz only in the single pigment model without quadratic vibronic coupling. In general, the use of mD2 ansatz is required to model an accurate dimer and larger aggregate's spectra. For a J dimer aggregate coupled to a low frequency intermolecular phonon bath, absorption and fluorescence spectra are qualitatively similar using all three ansatze. The quadratic vibronic coupling term in both absorption and fluorescence spectra manifests itself as a lineshape peak amplitude redistribution, static frequency shift and an additional shift, which is temperature dependent. Overall the squeezed D2 model does not result in a considerable improvement of the simulation results compared to the simplest Davydov D2 approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Jakučionis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 9-III, LT-10222, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Agnius Žukas
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 9-III, LT-10222, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Darius Abramavičius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave. 9-III, LT-10222, Vilnius, Lithuania.
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6
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Gelin MF, Chen L, Domcke W. Equation-of-Motion Methods for the Calculation of Femtosecond Time-Resolved 4-Wave-Mixing and N-Wave-Mixing Signals. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17339-17396. [PMID: 36278801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond nonlinear spectroscopy is the main tool for the time-resolved detection of photophysical and photochemical processes. Since most systems of chemical interest are rather complex, theoretical support is indispensable for the extraction of the intrinsic system dynamics from the detected spectroscopic responses. There exist two alternative theoretical formalisms for the calculation of spectroscopic signals, the nonlinear response-function (NRF) approach and the spectroscopic equation-of-motion (EOM) approach. In the NRF formalism, the system-field interaction is assumed to be sufficiently weak and is treated in lowest-order perturbation theory for each laser pulse interacting with the sample. The conceptual alternative to the NRF method is the extraction of the spectroscopic signals from the solutions of quantum mechanical, semiclassical, or quasiclassical EOMs which govern the time evolution of the material system interacting with the radiation field of the laser pulses. The NRF formalism and its applications to a broad range of material systems and spectroscopic signals have been comprehensively reviewed in the literature. This article provides a detailed review of the suite of EOM methods, including applications to 4-wave-mixing and N-wave-mixing signals detected with weak or strong fields. Under certain circumstances, the spectroscopic EOM methods may be more efficient than the NRF method for the computation of various nonlinear spectroscopic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim F Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching,Germany
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Fischer EW, Werther M, Bouakline F, Grossmann F, Saalfrank P. Non-Markovian Vibrational Relaxation Dynamics at Surfaces. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:214702. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0092836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrational dynamics of adsorbates near surfaces plays both an important role for applied surface science and as model lab for studying fundamental problems of open quantum systems. We employ a previously developed model for the relaxation of a D-Si-Si bending mode at a D:Si(100)-(2$\times$1) surface, induced by a ``bath' of more than $2000$ phonon modes [U. Lorenz, P. Saalfrank, Chem. Phys. {\bf 482}, 69 (2017)], to extend previous work along various directions. First, we use a Hierarchical Effective Mode (HEM) model [E.W. Fischer, F. Bouakline, M. Werther, P. Saalfrank, J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 153}, 064704 (2020)] to study relaxation of higher excited vibrational states than hitherto done, by solving a high-dimensional system-bath time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation (TDSE). In the HEM approach, (many) real bath modes are replaced by (much less) effective bath modes. Accordingly, we are able to examine scaling laws for vibrational relaxation lifetimes for a realistic surface science problem. Second, we compare the performance of the multilayer multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) approach with the recently developed coherent-state based multi-Davydov D2 {\it ansatz} [N. Zhou, Z. Huang, J. Zhu, V. Chernyak, Y. Zhao, {J. Chem. Phys.} {\bf 143}, 014113 (2015)]. Both approaches work well, with some computational advantages for the latter in the presented context. Third, we apply open-system density matrix theory in comparison with basically ``exact' solutions of the multi-mode TDSEs. Specifically, we use an open-system Liouville-von Neumann (LvN) equation treating vibration-phonon coupling as Markovian dissipation in Lindblad form to quantify effects beyond the Born-Markov approximation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Foudhil Bouakline
- Institute of Chemistry, Universität Potsdam Institut für Chemie, Germany
| | - Frank Grossmann
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Technische Universität Dresden Fachrichtung Physik, Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam Institut für Chemie, Germany
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8
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Zeng J, Yao Y. Variational Squeezed Davydov Ansatz for Realistic Chemical Systems with Nonlinear Vibronic Coupling. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:1255-1263. [PMID: 35100509 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chemical systems normally possess strong nonlinear vibronic couplings at both zero and finite temperature. For the lowest-order quadratic couplings, here, we introduce a squeezing operator into a variational coherent-state-based method, Davydov ansatz, to simulate the quantum dynamics and the respective spectroscopy. Two molecular systems, pyrazine and the 2-pyridone dimer, are taken as calculated model systems, both of which involve nontrivial quadratic vibronic couplings in high- and low-frequency regions, respectively. Upon a comparison with the benchmarks, the method manifests its advantage for nonlinear couplings. The squeezed bases are also proven to be applicable for the finite temperature by adapting with the thermofield dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zeng
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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9
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Jakučionis M, Gaižiu Nas I, Šulskus J, Abramavičius D. Simulation of Ab Initio Optical Absorption Spectrum of β-Carotene with Fully Resolved S0 and S2 Vibrational Normal Modes. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:180-189. [PMID: 34985272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c06115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electronic absorption spectrum of β-carotene (β-Car) is studied using quantum chemistry and quantum dynamics simulations. Vibrational normal modes were computed in optimized geometries of the electronic ground state S0 and the optically bright excited S2 state using the time-dependent density functional theory. By expressing the S2-state normal modes in terms of the ground-state modes, we find that no one-to-one correspondence between the ground- and excited-state vibrational modes exists. Using the ab initio results, we simulated the β-Car absorption spectrum with all 282 vibrational modes in a model solvent at 300 K using the time-dependent Dirac-Frenkel variational principle and are able to qualitatively reproduce the full absorption line shape. By comparing the 282-mode model with the prominent 2-mode model, widely used to interpret carotenoid experiments, we find that the full 282-mode model better describes the high-frequency progression of carotenoid absorption spectra; hence, vibrational modes become highly mixed during the S0 → S2 optical excitation. The obtained results suggest that electronic energy dissipation is mediated by numerous vibrational modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Jakučionis
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Avenue 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ignas Gaižiu Nas
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Avenue 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Šulskus
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Avenue 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Darius Abramavičius
- Institute of Chemical Physics, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Avenue 9-III, LT-10222 Vilnius, Lithuania
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10
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Liu J, Zeng J, Zhao D, Yao Y, Hu D, Ma Y. Comprehending radicals, diradicals and their bondings in aggregates of imide-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9985-9992. [PMID: 36128241 PMCID: PMC9430410 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02906e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The structures and optical properties of imide-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon radicals, which exhibit room-temperature ferromagnetism as discovered recently and the strong pancake bondings in NDI radical aggregates are investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Liu
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jiarui Zeng
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Duokai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Dehua Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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11
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Jakučionis M, Žukas A, Abramavicius D. Modeling Molecular J and H Aggregates using Multiple-Davydov D2 Ansatz. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:17665-17672. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00819j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The linear absorption spectrum of J and H molecular aggregates is studied using the time-dependent Dirac-Frenkel variational principle (TDVP) with the multi-Davydov D2 (mD2) trial wavefunction (Ansatz). Both the electronic...
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12
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Zhao Y, Sun K, Chen L, Gelin M. The hierarchy of Davydov's Ansätze and its applications. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | - Kewei Sun
- Division of Materials Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
- School of Science, Hanghzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Dresden Germany
| | - Maxim Gelin
- School of Science, Hanghzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou China
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13
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Gelin MF, Velardo A, Borrelli R. Efficient quantum dynamics simulations of complex molecular systems: A unified treatment of dynamic and static disorder. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:134102. [PMID: 34624969 DOI: 10.1063/5.0065896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a unified and highly numerically efficient formalism for the simulation of quantum dynamics of complex molecular systems, which takes into account both temperature effects and static disorder. The methodology is based on the thermo-field dynamics formalism, and Gaussian static disorder is included into simulations via auxiliary bosonic operators. This approach, combined with the tensor-train/matrix-product state representation of the thermalized stochastic wave function, is applied to study the effect of dynamic and static disorders in charge-transfer processes in model organic semiconductor chains employing the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (Holstein-Peierls) model Hamiltonian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim F Gelin
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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14
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Gelin MF, Borrelli R. Simulation of Nonlinear Femtosecond Signals at Finite Temperature via a Thermo Field Dynamics-Tensor Train Method: General Theory and Application to Time- and Frequency-Resolved Fluorescence of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson Complex. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:4316-4331. [PMID: 34076412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Addressing needs of contemporary nonlinear femtosecond optical spectroscopy, we have developed a fully quantum, numerically accurate wave function-based approach for the calculation of third-order spectroscopic signals of polyatomic molecules and molecular aggregates at finite temperature. The systems are described by multimode nonadiabatic vibronic-coupling Hamiltonians, in which diagonal terms are treated in harmonic approximation, while off-diagonal interstate couplings are assumed to be coordinate independent. The approach is based on the Thermo Field Dynamics (TFD) representation of quantum mechanics and tensor-train (TT) machinery for efficient numerical simulation of quantum evolution of systems with many degrees of freedom. The developed TFD-TT approach is applied to the calculation of time- and frequency-resolved fluorescence spectra of the Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) antenna complex at room temperature taking into account finite time-frequency resolution in fluorescence detection, orientational averaging, and static disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim F Gelin
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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15
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Chen L, Borrelli R, Shalashilin DV, Zhao Y, Gelin MF. Simulation of Time- and Frequency-Resolved Four-Wave-Mixing Signals at Finite Temperatures: A Thermo-Field Dynamics Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:4359-4373. [PMID: 34107216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We propose a new approach to simulate four-wave-mixing signals of molecular systems at finite temperatures by combining the multiconfigurational Ehrenfest method with the thermo-field dynamics theory. In our approach, the four-time correlation functions at finite temperatures are mapped onto those at zero temperature in an enlarged Hilbert space with twice the vibrational degrees of freedom. As an illustration, we have simulated three multidimensional spectroscopic signals, time- and frequency-resolved fluorescence spectra, transient-absorption pump-probe spectra, and electronic two-dimensional (2D) spectra at finite temperatures, for a conical intersection-mediated singlet fission model of a rubrene crystal. It is shown that a detailed dynamical picture of the singlet fission process can be extracted from the three spectroscopic signals. An increasing temperature leads to lower intensities of the signals and broadened vibrational peaks, which can be attributed to faster singlet-triplet population transfer and stronger bath-induced electronic dephasing at higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Chen
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Str 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Raffaele Borrelli
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Food Science, Universitá di Torino, I-10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | | | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Maxim F Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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16
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Gelin MF, Huang X, Xie W, Chen L, Došlić NA, Domcke W. Ab Initio Surface-Hopping Simulation of Femtosecond Transient-Absorption Pump-Probe Signals of Nonadiabatic Excited-State Dynamics Using the Doorway-Window Representation. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:2394-2408. [PMID: 33755464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An ab initio theoretical framework for the simulation of femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption (TA) pump-probe (PP) spectra with quasi-classical trajectories is presented. The simulations are based on the classical approximation to the doorway-window (DW) representation of third-order four-wave-mixing signals. The DW formula accounts for the finite duration and spectral shape of the pump and probe pulses. In the classical DW formalism, classical trajectories are stochastically sampled from a positive definite doorway distribution, and the signals are evaluated by averaging over a positive definite window distribution. Nonadiabatic excited-state dynamics is described by a stochastic surface-hopping algorithm. The method has been implemented for the pyrazine molecule with the second-order algebraic-diagrammatic construction (ADC(2)) ab initio electronic-structure method. The methodology is illustrated by ab initio simulations of the ground-state bleach, stimulated emission, and excited-state absorption contributions to the TA PP spectrum of gas-phase pyrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim F Gelin
- School of Sciences, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Nad A Došlić
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Ruder Boscovic Institute, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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17
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Chen L, Sun K, Shalashilin DV, Gelin MF, Zhao Y. Efficient simulation of time- and frequency-resolved four-wave-mixing signals with a multiconfigurational Ehrenfest approach. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:054105. [PMID: 33557567 DOI: 10.1063/5.0038824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have extended the multiconfigurational Ehrenfest approach to the simulation of four-wave-mixing signals of systems involving multiple electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom. As an illustration, we calculate signals of three widely used spectroscopic techniques, time- and frequency-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, transient absorption spectroscopy, and two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy, for a two-electronic-state, twenty-four vibrational-mode conical intersection model. It has been shown that all these three spectroscopic signals characterize fast population transfer from the higher excited electronic state to the lower excited electronic state. While the time- and frequency-resolved spectrum maps the wave packet propagation exclusively on the electronically excited states, the transient absorption and 2D electronic spectra reflect the wave packet dynamics on both electronically excited states and the electronic ground state. Combining trajectory-guided Gaussian basis functions and the nonlinear response function formalism, the present approach provides a promising general technique for the applications of various Gaussian basis methods to the calculations of four-wave-mixing spectra of polyatomic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Chen
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzer Str. 38, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kewei Sun
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | | | - Maxim F Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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18
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Tanimura Y. Numerically "exact" approach to open quantum dynamics: The hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM). J Chem Phys 2021; 153:020901. [PMID: 32668942 DOI: 10.1063/5.0011599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An open quantum system refers to a system that is further coupled to a bath system consisting of surrounding radiation fields, atoms, molecules, or proteins. The bath system is typically modeled by an infinite number of harmonic oscillators. This system-bath model can describe the time-irreversible dynamics through which the system evolves toward a thermal equilibrium state at finite temperature. In nuclear magnetic resonance and atomic spectroscopy, dynamics can be studied easily by using simple quantum master equations under the assumption that the system-bath interaction is weak (perturbative approximation) and the bath fluctuations are very fast (Markovian approximation). However, such approximations cannot be applied in chemical physics and biochemical physics problems, where environmental materials are complex and strongly coupled with environments. The hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) can describe the numerically "exact" dynamics of a reduced system under nonperturbative and non-Markovian system-bath interactions, which has been verified on the basis of exact analytical solutions (non-Markovian tests) with any desired numerical accuracy. The HEOM theory has been used to treat systems of practical interest, in particular, to account for various linear and nonlinear spectra in molecular and solid state materials, to evaluate charge and exciton transfer rates in biological systems, to simulate resonant tunneling and quantum ratchet processes in nanodevices, and to explore quantum entanglement states in quantum information theories. This article presents an overview of the HEOM theory, focusing on its theoretical background and applications, to help further the development of the study of open quantum dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Tanimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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19
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Sun K, Xu Q, Chen L, Gelin MF, Zhao Y. Temperature effects on singlet fission dynamics mediated by a conical intersection. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:194106. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0031435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Sun
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Quan Xu
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maxim F. Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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20
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Seibt J, Kühn O. Exciton transfer using rates extracted from the “hierarchical equations of motion”. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:194112. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0027373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Seibt
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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21
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Hu W, Sun K, Xu Q, Chen L, Zhao Y. Ultrafast dynamics in rubrene and its spectroscopic manifestation. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:174105. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0023887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wangjun Hu
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kewei Sun
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Quan Xu
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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22
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Sun K, Xie W, Chen L, Domcke W, Gelin MF. Multi-faceted spectroscopic mapping of ultrafast nonadiabatic dynamics near conical intersections: A computational study. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:174111. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0024148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Sun
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 38 Nöethnitzer Str., Dresden, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Maxim F. Gelin
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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23
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Fischer EW, Werther M, Bouakline F, Saalfrank P. A hierarchical effective mode approach to phonon-driven multilevel vibrational relaxation dynamics at surfaces. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:064704. [PMID: 35287458 DOI: 10.1063/5.0017716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We discuss an efficient Hierarchical Effective Mode (HEM) representation of a high-dimensional harmonic oscillator bath, which describes phonon-driven vibrational relaxation of an adsorbate-surface system, namely, deuterium adsorbed on Si(100). Starting from the original Hamiltonian of the adsorbate-surface system, the HEM representation is constructed via iterative orthogonal transformations, which are efficiently implemented with Householder matrices. The detailed description of the HEM representation and its construction are given in the second quantization representation. The hierarchical nature of this representation allows access to the exact quantum dynamics of the adsorbate-surface system over finite time intervals, controllable via the truncation order of the hierarchy. To study the convergence properties of the effective mode representation, we solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation of the truncated system-bath HEM Hamiltonian, with the help of the multilayer extension of the Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) method. The results of the HEM representation are compared with those obtained with a quantum-mechanical tier-model. The convergence of the HEM representation with respect to the truncation order of the hierarchy is discussed for different initial conditions of the adsorbate-surface system. The combination of the HEM representation with the ML-MCTDH method provides information on the time evolution of the system (adsorbate) and multiple effective modes of the bath (surface). This permits insight into mechanisms of vibration-phonon coupling of the adsorbate-surface system, as well as inter-mode couplings of the effective bath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Fischer
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Michael Werther
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Foudhil Bouakline
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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24
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Zeng J, Qiu SB, Zhao YJ, Yang XB, Yao Y. Quantum Dynamics Simulation of Doublet Excitation and Magnetic Field Effect in Neutral Radical Materials. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1194-1198. [PMID: 31967832 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The photon absorption and the relevant magnetic field effect of a doublet in neutral radical materials are investigated by combining the density functional theory and the variational quantum dynamics with Davydov ansatz. The doublet is a perfect model system to study the full-quantum dynamics of a two-level system coupling to a realistic molecular vibrational environment. In this work, we simulate the optical absorption spectroscopy of the neutral radical material, (4-N-carbazolyl-2,6-dichlorophenyl)bis(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)-methyl, and find a good agreement with experiments for both highest occupied molecular orbital-singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) and SOMO-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital transitions. The nontrivial role of the intramolecular vibronic couplings is comprehensively discussed with separate spectroscopy and population dynamics, suggesting different contributions and the long time scale effect stemming from the vibrations, according to different symmetries. On the basis of the model, an applied magnetic field is taken into account to qualitatively investigate its magnetic properties in a dynamics manner, leading to a result which can be described by a sum of Lorentzian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zeng
- Department of Physics , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Shao-Bin Qiu
- Department of Physics , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhao
- Department of Physics , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Xiao-Bao Yang
- Department of Physics , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Physics , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640 , China
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25
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Jakučionis M, Mancal T, Abramavičius D. Modeling irreversible molecular internal conversion using the time-dependent variational approach with sD2 ansatz. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:8952-8962. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01092h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A model of irreversible molecular internal conversion dynamics due to molecular thermal energy dissipation to the bath is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantas Jakučionis
- Institute of Chemical Physics
- Vilnius University
- LT-10222 Vilnius
- Lithuania
| | - Tomas Mancal
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
- Charles University
- 121 16 Prague
- Czech Republic
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26
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Titov E, Humeniuk A, Mitrić R. Comparison of moving and fixed basis sets for nonadiabatic quantum dynamics at conical intersections. Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.110526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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27
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Chen L, Gelin MF, Shalashilin DV. Dynamics of a one-dimensional Holstein polaron: The multiconfigurational Ehrenfest method. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:244116. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5132341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching D-85747, Germany
| | - Maxim F. Gelin
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Garching D-85747, Germany
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28
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Chen L, Gelin MF, Zhao Y, Domcke W. Mapping of Wave Packet Dynamics at Conical Intersections by Time- and Frequency-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy: A Computational Study. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5873-5880. [PMID: 31518141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of wave packet dynamics at conical intersections by time- and frequency-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy has been investigated theoretically for a three-state two-mode model of a conical intersection coupled to a dissipative environment. The ideal and the actually measurable time- and frequency-gated fluorescence spectra are accurately and efficiently simulated by combining the hierarchy equations-of-motion method for dissipative quantum dynamics with the methodology of the equation-of-motion phase-matching approach for the calculation of spectroscopic signals. It is shown that time- and frequency-resolved fluorescence spectra reveal essential aspects of the wave packet dynamics at conical intersections and the effects of environment-induced dissipation. The results of the present work indicate that fluorescence up-conversion spectroscopy with femtosecond time resolution is an efficient tool for the characterization of ultrafast dynamics at conical intersections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry , Technische Universität München , D-85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Maxim F Gelin
- Department of Chemistry , Technische Universität München , D-85747 Garching , Germany
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science , Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue , Singapore 639798
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry , Technische Universität München , D-85747 Garching , Germany
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29
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Sun K, Huang Z, Gelin MF, Chen L, Zhao Y. Monitoring of singlet fission via two-dimensional photon-echo and transient-absorption spectroscopy: Simulations by multiple Davydov trial states. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:114102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5109251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Sun
- School of Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhongkai Huang
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Maxim F. Gelin
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Lipeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Materials Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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30
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Bramley O, Symonds C, Shalashilin DV. Quantum system-bath dynamics with quantum superposition sampling and coupled generalized coherent states. J Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Bramley
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Symonds
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
- School of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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