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Remlein B, Seifert U. Nonequilibrium fluctuations of chemical reaction networks at criticality: The Schlögl model as paradigmatic case. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:134103. [PMID: 38557838 DOI: 10.1063/5.0203659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemical reaction networks can undergo nonequilibrium phase transitions upon variation in external control parameters, such as the chemical potential of a species. We investigate the flux in the associated chemostats that is proportional to the entropy production and its critical fluctuations within the Schlögl model. Numerical simulations show that the corresponding diffusion coefficient diverges at the critical point as a function of system size. In the vicinity of the critical point, the diffusion coefficient follows a scaling form. We develop an analytical approach based on the chemical Langevin equation and van Kampen's system size expansion that yields the corresponding exponents in the monostable regime. In the bistable regime, we rely on a two-state approximation in order to analytically describe the critical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Remlein
- II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Udo Seifert
- II. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany
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2
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Chastain E. Formal autopoiesis: Solutions of the classical and extended functional closure equations. Biosystems 2023; 226:104872. [PMID: 36921792 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Formalization of autopoiesis is an ongoing effort among theoretical biologists. In this field, Letelier and co-authors proposed that Robert Rosen's (M,R)-systems theory be used as a formalism for autopoiesis. In (M,R)-systems theory, Rosen proposes that one solve a set of functional closure equations (FCEs) which account for all of the components of the system as coming from within the system itself. A key part of the functional closure equations is the repair of the metabolism component of the system. Rosen's theory gives the organizational closure of the components as well as their products, as found in autopoiesis. However, according to Razeto-Barry (M,R)-systems leaves out some of the messiness and approximation that we find in autopoiesis as he reformulates it. A related problem is that though FCEs have a long history, they are difficult in practice to solve due to their mathematical formulation. In this paper we give a novel exact solution for the FCEs for continuous real vector-valued functions which is nevertheless difficult to compute. In addition we propose an extended form of FCEs which both captures more of the messiness of autopoiesis and also helps to make the FCEs more solvable. Finally, we use our solution for the extended FCEs to give an extended repair function for a metabolism taken from a representative class of biological dynamics for gene expression (the repressilator). More generally we show that one can use our solution for the extended FCEs to get an extended repair function for continuous real vector-valued functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Chastain
- Departments of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Dallas, United States of America.
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3
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Gagrani P, Smith E. Action functional gradient descent algorithm for estimating escape paths in stochastic chemical reaction networks. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:034305. [PMID: 37072963 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.034305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
We first derive the Hamilton-Jacobi theory underlying continuous-time Markov processes, and then we use the construction to develop a variational algorithm for estimating escape (least improbable or first passage) paths for a generic stochastic chemical reaction network that exhibits multiple fixed points. The design of our algorithm is such that it is independent of the underlying dimensionality of the system, the discretization control parameters are updated toward the continuum limit, and there is an easy-to-calculate measure for the correctness of its solution. We consider several applications of the algorithm and verify them against computationally expensive means such as the shooting method and stochastic simulation. While we employ theoretical techniques from mathematical physics, numerical optimization and chemical reaction network theory, we hope that our work finds practical applications with an inter-disciplinary audience including chemists, biologists, optimal control theorists and game theorists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praful Gagrani
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53715, USA
| | - Eric Smith
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- Department of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
- Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501, USA
- Ronin Institute, 127 Haddon Place, Montclair, New Jersey 07043, USA
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Mazzolo A, Monthus C. Nonequilibrium diffusion processes via non-Hermitian electromagnetic quantum mechanics with application to the statistics of entropy production in the Brownian gyrator. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:014101. [PMID: 36797928 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.014101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The nonequilibrium Fokker-Planck dynamics in an arbitrary force field f[over ⃗](x[over ⃗]) in dimension N is revisited via the correspondence with the non-Hermitian quantum mechanics in a real scalar potential V(x[over ⃗]) and in a purely imaginary vector potential [-iA[over ⃗](x[over ⃗])] of real amplitude A[over ⃗](x[over ⃗]). The relevant parameters of irreversibility are then the N(N-1)/2 magnetic matrix elements B_{nm}(x[over ⃗])=-B_{mn}(x[over ⃗])=∂_{n}A_{m}(x[over ⃗])-∂_{m}A_{n}(x[over ⃗]), while it is enlightening to explore the corresponding gauge transformations of the vector potential A[over ⃗](x[over ⃗]). This quantum interpretation is even more fruitful to study the statistics of all the time-additive observables of the stochastic trajectories, since their generating functions correspond to the same quantum problem with additional scalar and/or vector potentials. Our main conclusion is that the analysis of their large deviations properties and the construction of the corresponding Doob conditioned processes can be drastically simplified via the choice of an appropriate gauge for each purpose. This general framework is then applied to the special time-additive observables of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck trajectories in dimension N, whose generating functions correspond to quantum propagators involving quadratic scalar potentials and linear vector potentials, i.e., to quantum harmonic oscillators in constant magnetic matrices. As simple illustrative example, we finally focus on the Brownian gyrator in dimension N=2 to compute the large deviations properties of the entropy production of its stochastic trajectories and to construct the corresponding conditioned processes having a given value of the entropy production per unit time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Mazzolo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Service d'Études des Réacteurs et de Mathématiques Appliquées, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cécile Monthus
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Physique Théorique, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Agazzi A, Andreis L, Patterson RI, Renger DM. Large deviations for Markov jump processes with uniformly diminishing rates. Stoch Process Their Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.spa.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Meibohm J, Esposito M. Finite-Time Dynamical Phase Transition in Nonequilibrium Relaxation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:110603. [PMID: 35362998 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.110603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We uncover a finite-time dynamical phase transition in the thermal relaxation of a mean-field magnetic model. The phase transition manifests itself as a cusp singularity in the probability distribution of the magnetization that forms at a critical time. The transition is due to a sudden switch in the dynamics, characterized by a dynamical order parameter. We derive a dynamical Landau theory for the transition that applies to a range of systems with scalar, parity-invariant order parameters. Close to criticalilty, our theory reveals an exact mapping between the dynamical and equilibrium phase transitions of the magnetic model, and implies critical exponents of mean-field type. We argue that interactions between nearby saddle points, neglected at the mean-field level, may lead to critical, spatiotemporal fluctuations of the order parameter, and thus give rise to novel, dynamical critical phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Meibohm
- Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Massimiliano Esposito
- Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Detailed balance, local detailed balance, and global potential for stochastic chemical reaction networks. ADV APPL PROBAB 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/apr.2021.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDetailed balance of a chemical reaction network can be defined in several different ways. Here we investigate the relationship among four types of detailed balance conditions: deterministic, stochastic, local, and zero-order local detailed balance. We show that the four types of detailed balance are equivalent when different reactions lead to different species changes and are not equivalent when some different reactions lead to the same species change. Under the condition of local detailed balance, we further show that the system has a global potential defined over the whole space, which plays a central role in the large deviation theory and the Freidlin–Wentzell-type metastability theory of chemical reaction networks. Finally, we provide a new sufficient condition for stochastic detailed balance, which is applied to construct a class of high-dimensional chemical reaction networks that both satisfies stochastic detailed balance and displays multistability.
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Entropy Production in Exactly Solvable Systems. ENTROPY 2020; 22:e22111252. [PMID: 33287020 PMCID: PMC7711514 DOI: 10.3390/e22111252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The rate of entropy production by a stochastic process quantifies how far it is from thermodynamic equilibrium. Equivalently, entropy production captures the degree to which global detailed balance and time-reversal symmetry are broken. Despite abundant references to entropy production in the literature and its many applications in the study of non-equilibrium stochastic particle systems, a comprehensive list of typical examples illustrating the fundamentals of entropy production is lacking. Here, we present a brief, self-contained review of entropy production and calculate it from first principles in a catalogue of exactly solvable setups, encompassing both discrete- and continuous-state Markov processes, as well as single- and multiple-particle systems. The examples covered in this work provide a stepping stone for further studies on entropy production of more complex systems, such as many-particle active matter, as well as a benchmark for the development of alternative mathematical formalisms.
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Link V, Strunz WT. Dynamical Phase Transitions in Dissipative Quantum Dynamics with Quantum Optical Realization. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:143602. [PMID: 33064500 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.143602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study dynamical phase transitions (DPT) in the driven and damped Dicke model, realizable for example by a driven atomic ensemble collectively coupled to a damped cavity mode. These DPTs are characterized by nonanalyticities of certain observables, primarily the overlap of time evolved and initial state. Even though the dynamics is dissipative, this phenomenon occurs for a wide range of parameters and no fine-tuning is required. Focusing on the state of the "atoms" in the limit of a bad cavity, we are able to asymptotically evaluate an exact path integral representation of the relevant overlaps. The DPTs then arise by minimization of a certain action function, which is related to the large deviation theory of a classical stochastic process. Finally, we present a scheme which allows a measurement of the DPT in a cavity-QED setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Link
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Walter T Strunz
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
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Esposito M. Open questions on nonequilibrium thermodynamics of chemical reaction networks. Commun Chem 2020; 3:107. [PMID: 36703333 PMCID: PMC9814766 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00344-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Esposito
- grid.16008.3f0000 0001 2295 9843Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
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Vroylandt H, Esposito M, Verley G. Efficiency Fluctuations of Stochastic Machines Undergoing a Phase Transition. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:250603. [PMID: 32639779 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.250603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We study the efficiency fluctuations of a stochastic heat engine made of N interacting unicyclic machines and undergoing a phase transition in the macroscopic limit. Depending on N and on the observation time, the machine can explore its whole phase space or not. This affects the engine efficiency that either strongly fluctuates on a large interval of equiprobable efficiencies (ergodic case) or fluctuates close to several most likely values (nonergodic case). We also provide a proof that despite the phase transition, the decay rate of the efficiency distribution at the reversible efficiency remains largest one although other efficiencies can now decay equally fast.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Massimiliano Esposito
- Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Department of Physics and Material Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg, G.D. Luxembourg
| | - Gatien Verley
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
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Vastola JJ, Holmes WR. Chemical Langevin equation: A path-integral view of Gillespie's derivation. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:032417. [PMID: 32289899 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.032417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In 2000, Gillespie rehabilitated the chemical Langevin equation (CLE) by describing two conditions that must be satisfied for it to yield a valid approximation of the chemical master equation (CME). In this work, we construct an original path-integral description of the CME and show how applying Gillespie's two conditions to it directly leads to a path-integral equivalent to the CLE. We compare this approach to the path-integral equivalent of a large system size derivation and show that they are qualitatively different. In particular, both approaches involve converting many sums into many integrals, and the difference between the two methods is essentially the difference between using the Euler-Maclaurin formula and using Riemann sums. Our results shed light on how path integrals can be used to conceptualize coarse-graining biochemical systems and are readily generalizable.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Vastola
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA and Quantitative Systems Biology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - William R Holmes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Quantitative Systems Biology Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA; and Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Avanzini
- Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Gianmaria Falasco
- Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Massimiliano Esposito
- Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, Physics and Materials Science Research Unit, University of Luxembourg, L-1511 Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
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