1
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Aschi M, Palombi L, Amadei A. Theoretical-Computational Modeling of CD Spectra of Aqueous Monosaccharides by Means of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Perturbed Matrix Method. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083591. [PMID: 37110825 PMCID: PMC10144652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of aqueous d-glucose and d-galactose were modeled using a theoretical-computational approach combining molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and perturbed matrix method (PMM) calculations, hereafter termed MD-PMM. The experimental spectra were reproduced with a satisfactory accuracy, confirming the good performances of MD-PMM in modeling different spectral features in complex atomic-molecular systems, as already reported in previous studies. The underlying strategy of the method was to perform a preliminary long timescale MD simulation of the chromophore followed by the extraction of the relevant conformations through essential dynamics analysis. On this (limited) number of relevant conformations, the ECD spectrum was calculated via the PMM approach. This study showed that MD-PMM was able to reproduce the essential features of the ECD spectrum (i.e., the position, the intensity, and the shape of the bands) of d-glucose and d-galactose while avoiding the rather computationally expensive aspects, which were demonstrated to be important for the final outcome, such as (i) the use of a large number of chromophore conformations; (ii) the inclusion of quantum vibronic coupling; and (iii) the inclusion of explicit solvent molecules interacting with the chromophore atoms within the chromophore itself (e.g., via hydrogen bonds).
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Aschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università dell'Aquila via Vetoio (Coppito 2), 67010 l'Aquila, Italy
| | - Laura Palombi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università dell'Aquila via Vetoio (Coppito 2), 67010 l'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Amadei
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
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2
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Komarov K, Park W, Lee S, Zeng T, Choi CH. Accurate Spin-Orbit Coupling by Relativistic Mixed-Reference Spin-Flip-TDDFT. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:953-964. [PMID: 36655271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Relativistic mixed-reference spin-flip (MRSF)-TDDFT is developed considering the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) within the mean-field approximation. The resulting SOC-MRSF faithfully reproduces the experiments with very high accuracy, which is also consistent with the values by four-component (4c) relativistic CASSCF and 4c-CASPT2 in the spin-orbit-energy splitting calculations of the C, Si, and Ge atoms. Even for the fifth-row element Sn, the SOC-MRSF yielded accurate splittings (∼ 3 % error). In the SOC calculations of the molecular 4-thiothymine with a third-row element, SOC-MRSF values are in excellent agreement with those of the SO-GMC-QDPT2 level, regardless of geometries and exchange-correlation functionals. The same SOC-MRSF predicted the anticipated chance of S1 (nπ*) → T1 (ππ*) intersystem crossing, even in thymine with only second-row elements. With its accuracy and practicality, thus, SOC-MRSF is a promising electronic structure protocol in challenging situations such as nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD) incorporating both internal conversions and intersystem crossings in large systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Komarov
- Center for Quantum Dynamics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang37673, South Korea
| | - Woojin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu41566, South Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California91125, USA
| | - Tao Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, York University, Toronto, ONM3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Cheol Ho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu41566, South Korea
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3
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Konecny L, Komorovsky S, Vicha J, Ruud K, Repisky M. Exact Two-Component TDDFT with Simple Two-Electron Picture-Change Corrections: X-ray Absorption Spectra Near L- and M-Edges of Four-Component Quality at Two-Component Cost. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:1360-1376. [PMID: 36722848 PMCID: PMC9923756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) has gained popularity in recent years as it probes matter with high spatial and elemental sensitivities. However, the theoretical modeling of XAS is a challenging task since XAS spectra feature a fine structure due to scalar (SC) and spin-orbit (SO) relativistic effects, in particular near L and M absorption edges. While full four-component (4c) calculations of XAS are nowadays feasible, there is still interest in developing approximate relativistic methods that enable XAS calculations at the two-component (2c) level while maintaining the accuracy of the parent 4c approach. In this article we present theoretical and numerical insights into two simple yet accurate 2c approaches based on an (extended) atomic mean-field exact two-component Hamiltonian framework, (e)amfX2C, for the calculation of XAS using linear eigenvalue and damped response time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). In contrast to the commonly used one-electron X2C (1eX2C) Hamiltonian, both amfX2C and eamfX2C account for the SC and SO two-electron and exchange-correlation picture-change (PC) effects that arise from the X2C transformation. As we demonstrate on L- and M-edge XAS spectra of transition metal and actinide compounds, the absence of PC corrections in the 1eX2C approximation results in a substantial overestimation of SO splittings, whereas (e)amfX2C Hamiltonians reproduce all essential spectral features such as shape, position, and SO splitting of the 4c references in excellent agreement, while offering significant computational savings. Therefore, the (e)amfX2C PC correction models presented here constitute reliable relativistic 2c quantum-chemical approaches for modeling XAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Konecny
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037Tromsø, Norway,Center
for Free Electron Laser Science, Max Planck
Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761Hamburg, Germany,
| | - Stanislav Komorovsky
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84536Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Vicha
- Centre
of Polymer Systems, University Institute,
Tomas Bata University in Zlín, CZ-76001Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Kenneth Ruud
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037Tromsø, Norway,Norwegian
Defence Research Establishment, P.O.
Box 25, 2027Kjeller, Norway
| | - Michal Repisky
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037Tromsø, Norway,Department
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, SK-84215Bratislava, Slovakia,
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4
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Monti M, Stener M, Aschi M. A computational approach for modeling electronic circular dichroism of solvated chromophores. J Comput Chem 2022; 43:2023-2036. [PMID: 36134712 PMCID: PMC9825941 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study consists in a novel computational protocol to model the UV-circular dichroism spectra of solvated species. It makes use of quantum-chemical calculations on a series of conformations of a flexible chromophore or on a series of chromophore/solvent clusters extracted from molecular dynamic simulations. The protocol is described and applied to the aqueous cationic tripeptide GAG+ and to the aqueous neutral decapeptide (GVGVP)2 . The protocol has proven able to: (i) properly consider the conformational motion of solute in the given environment; (ii) give the actual statistical weight of each conformational state; (iii) provide a reliable quantum mechanical method able to reproduce the spectral features. Temperature effects on conformations and spectral properties are properly taken into account. The role of explicit solvent on the conformational analysis and the spectra calculation is discussed. The comparison of the calculated circular dichroism spectra with experimental ones recorded at different temperatures represents a strict validation test of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Monti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità di TriesteTriesteItaly
| | - Mauro Stener
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e FarmaceuticheUniversità di TriesteTriesteItaly
| | - Massimiliano Aschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche e ChimicheUniversità dell'AquilaL'AquilaItaly
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5
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Mattiat J, Luber S. Comparison of Length, Velocity, and Symmetric Gauges for the Calculation of Absorption and Electric Circular Dichroism Spectra with Real-Time Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:5513-5526. [PMID: 36041170 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A velocity and symmetric gauge implementation for real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) in the CP2K package using a Gaussian and plane wave approach is presented, including the explicit gauge-transformed contributions due to the nonlocal part of pseudopotentials. Absorption spectra of gas-phase α-pinene are calculated in length and velocity gauges in the long-wavelength approximation for the application of a δ pulse in linear and full order. The velocity gauge implementation is also applied to a solvated uracil molecule to showcase its use within periodic boundary conditions (PBC). For the calculation of the expectation value of the electric dipole moment in PBC, both the velocity representation and the modern theory of polarization give equivalent absorption spectra if a distributed reference point is used for the nonlocal term of the velocity operator. The discussion of linear response theory takes place in a unified framework in terms of linear response functions in propagator notation, distinguishing the parts of the linear response functions associated with perturbation and response. To further investigate gauge dependence, electric circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of α-pinene were calculated either as magnetic response to an electric field perturbation, in length or velocity gauge, or as electric response to a magnetic field perturbation in the symmetric gauge. Both approaches, electric and magnetic perturbations, have been found to yield equivalent ECD spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Mattiat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
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6
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Ye L, Wang H, Zhang Y, Liu W. Self-Adaptive Real-Time Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for X-ray Absorptions. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:074106. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0106250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) can in principle access the whole absorption spectrum of a many-electron system exposed to a narrow pulse. However, this requires an accurate and efficient propagator for the numerical integration of the time-dependent Kohn-Sham equation. While a low-order time propagator is already sufficient for the low-lying valence absorption spectra, it is no longer the case for the X-ray absorption spectra (XAS) of systems composed even only of light elements, for which the use of a high-order propagator is indispensable. It is then crucial to choose a largest possible time step and a shortest possible simulation time, so as to minimize the computational cost. To this end, we propose here a robust AutoPST approach to determine automatically (Auto) the propagator (P), step (S), and time (T) for relativistic RT-TDDFT simulations of XAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Wang
- Shandong University - Qingdao Campus, China
| | | | - Wenjian Liu
- Qingdao Institue for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Shandong University, China
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7
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Creutzberg J, Hedegård ED. Polarizable Embedding Complex Polarization Propagator in Four- and Two-Component Frameworks. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:3671-3686. [PMID: 35549262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Explicit embedding methods combined with the complex polarization propagator (CPP) enable the modeling of spectroscopy for increasingly complex systems with a high density of states. We present the first derivation and implementation of the CPP in four- and exact-two-component (X2C) polarizable embedding (PE) frameworks. We denote the developed methods PE-4c-CPP and PE-X2C-CPP, respectively. We illustrate the methods by estimating the solvent effect on ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) and X-ray atomic absorption (XAS) spectra of [Rh(H2O)6]3+ and [Ir(H2O)6]3+ immersed in aqueous solution. We moreover estimate solvent effects on UV-vis spectra of a platinum complex that can be photochemically activated (in water) to kill cancer cells. Our results clearly show that the inclusion of the environment is required: UV-vis and (to a lesser degree) XAS spectra can become qualitatively different from vacuum calculations. Comparison of PE-4c-CPP and PE-X2C-CPP methods shows that X2C essentially reproduces the solvent effect obtained with the 4c methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Creutzberg
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik D Hedegård
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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8
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Niemeyer N, Caricato M, Neugebauer J. Origin invariant electronic circular dichroism in the length dipole gauge without London atomic orbitals. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:154114. [PMID: 35459317 DOI: 10.1063/5.0088922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a method for obtaining origin-independent electronic circular dichroism (ECD) in the length-gauge representation LG(OI) without the usage of London atomic orbitals. This approach builds upon the work by Caricato [J. Chem. Phys. 153, 151101 (2020)] and is applied to rotatory strengths and ECD spectra from damped response theory. Numerical results are presented for time-dependent Hartree-Fock and density-functional theory, the second-order algebraic diagrammatic construction method, and linear-response coupled-cluster theory with singles and approximate doubles. We can support the finding that the common choice of placing the gauge origin in the center of mass of a molecule in conventional length-gauge calculations involving chiroptical properties might not be optimal and show that LG(OI) is a valuable alternative for the origin-independent calculation of ECD spectra. We show that, for a limited test set, the convergence of the rotatory strengths calculated with the LG(OI) approach toward the basis-set limit tends to be faster than for the established velocity gauge representation. Relationships between the sum-over-states expression of the optical rotation in the LG(OI) framework and its representation in terms of response functions are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Niemeyer
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Marco Caricato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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9
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Anodic Activity of Hydrated and Anhydrous Iron (II) Oxalate in Li-Ion Batteries. CONDENSED MATTER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/condmat7010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We discuss the applicability of the naturally occurring compound Ferrous Oxalate Dihydrate (FOD) (FeC2O4·2H2O) as an anode material in Li-ion batteries. Using first-principles modeling, we evaluate the electrochemical activity of FOD and demonstrate how its structural water content affects the intercalation reaction and contributes to its performance. We show that both Li0 and Li+ intercalation in FOD yields similar results. Our analysis indicates that fully dehydrated ferrous oxalate is a more promising anodic material with higher electrochemical stability: it carries 20% higher theoretical Li storage capacity and a lower voltage (0.68 V at the PBE/cc-pVDZ level), compared to its hydrated (2.29 V) or partially hydrated (1.43 V) counterparts.
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10
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Konecny L, Vicha J, Komorovsky S, Ruud K, Repisky M. Accurate X-ray Absorption Spectra near L- and M-Edges from Relativistic Four-Component Damped Response Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:830-846. [PMID: 34958215 PMCID: PMC8767545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The simulation of
X-ray absorption spectra requires both scalar
and spin–orbit (SO) relativistic effects to be taken into account,
particularly near L- and M-edges where the SO splitting of core p
and d orbitals dominates. Four-component Dirac–Coulomb Hamiltonian-based
linear damped response time-dependent density functional theory (4c-DR-TDDFT)
calculates spectra directly for a selected frequency region while
including the relativistic effects variationally, making the method
well suited for X-ray applications. In this work, we show that accurate
X-ray absorption spectra near L2,3- and M4,5-edges of closed-shell transition metal and actinide compounds with
different central atoms, ligands, and oxidation states can be obtained
by means of 4c-DR-TDDFT. While the main absorption lines do not change
noticeably with the basis set and geometry, the exchange–correlation
functional has a strong influence with hybrid functionals performing
the best. The energy shift compared to the experiment is shown to
depend linearly on the amount of Hartee–Fock exchange with
the optimal value being 60% for spectral regions above 1000 eV, providing
relative errors below 0.2% and 2% for edge energies and SO splittings,
respectively. Finally, the methodology calibrated in this work is
used to reproduce the experimental L2,3-edge X-ray absorption
spectra of [RuCl2(DMSO)2(Im)2] and
[WCl4(PMePh2)2], and resolve the
broad bands into separated lines, allowing an interpretation based
on ligand field theory and double point groups. These results support
4c-DR-TDDFT as a reliable method for calculating and analyzing X-ray
absorption spectra of chemically interesting systems, advance the
accuracy of state-of-the art relativistic DFT approaches, and provide
a reference for benchmarking more approximate techniques. The paper demonstrates that relativistic four-component
TDDFT theory can reproduce and analyze experimental X-ray absorption
spectra near L2,3- and M4,5-edges of transition
metal and actinide compounds with different central atoms, ligands,
and oxidation states. With variational inclusion of scalar and spin−orbit
relativistic effects and hybrid functionals with an optimized amount
of Hartee−Fock exchange (60%), it achieves relative errors
below 0.2% and 2% for edge energies and spin−orbit (SO) splittings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Konecny
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jan Vicha
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University, tř. Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Komorovsky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84536 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kenneth Ruud
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Michal Repisky
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Tromsø - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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11
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Fedotov DA, Coriani S, Hättig C. Damped (linear) response theory within the resolution-of-identity coupled cluster singles and approximate doubles (RI-CC2) method. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:124110. [PMID: 33810703 DOI: 10.1063/5.0042759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An implementation of a complex solver for the solution of the linear equations required to compute the complex response functions of damped response theory is presented for the resolution-of-identity (RI) coupled cluster singles and approximate doubles (CC2) method. The implementation uses a partitioned formulation that avoids the storage of double excitation amplitudes to make it applicable to large molecules. The solver is the keystone element for the development of the damped coupled cluster response formalism for linear and nonlinear effects in resonant frequency regions at the RI-CC2 level of theory. Illustrative results are reported for the one-photon absorption cross section of C60, the electronic circular dichroism of n-helicenes (n = 5, 6, 7), and the C6 dispersion coefficients of a set of selected organic molecules and fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil A Fedotov
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg. 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg. 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christof Hättig
- Arbeitsgruppe Quantenchemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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12
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Moitra T, Karak P, Chakraborty S, Ruud K, Chakrabarti S. Behind the scenes of spin-forbidden decay pathways in transition metal complexes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:59-81. [PMID: 33319894 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05108j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The interpretation of the ultrafast photophysics of transition metal complexes following photo-absorption is quite involved as the heavy metal center leads to a complicated and entangled singlet-triplet manifold. This opens up multiple pathways for deactivation, often with competitive rates. As a result, intersystem crossing (ISC) and phosphorescence are commonly observed in transition metal complexes. A detailed understanding of such an excited-state structure and dynamics calls for state-of-the-art experimental and theoretical methodologies. In this review, we delve into the inability of non-relativistic quantum theory to describe spin-forbidden transitions, which can be overcome by taking into account spin-orbit coupling, whose importance grows with increasing atomic number. We present the quantum chemical theory of phosphorescence and ISC together with illustrative examples. Finally, a few applications are highlighted, bridging the gap between theoretical studies and experimental applications, such as photofunctional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsha Moitra
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Bldg 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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13
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Repisky M, Komorovsky S, Kadek M, Konecny L, Ekström U, Malkin E, Kaupp M, Ruud K, Malkina OL, Malkin VG. ReSpect: Relativistic spectroscopy DFT program package. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:184101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0005094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Repisky
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Stanislav Komorovsky
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-84536 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marius Kadek
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Lukas Konecny
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ulf Ekström
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Malkin
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Martin Kaupp
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Chemistry, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kenneth Ruud
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Olga L. Malkina
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-84536 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vladimir G. Malkin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, SK-84536 Bratislava, Slovakia
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14
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Niemeyer N, Tölle J, Neugebauer J. Approximate versus Exact Embedding for Chiroptical Properties: Reconsidering Failures in Potential and Response. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:3104-3120. [PMID: 32301613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the suitability of subsystem time-dependent density-functional theory (sTDDFT) for describing chiroptical properties with a focus on optical rotation parameters. Our starting point is a new implementation of the recently proposed projection-based, coupled frozen-density embedding (FDEc) framework. We adapt the generalized, non-Hermitian formulation of TDDFT and derive corresponding expressions for regular and damped response properties from subsystem TDDFT. We verify that our implementation of this "exact" formulation allows to reproduce supermolecular results of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, of optical rotatory dispersion, and of polarizabilities. We present a systematic test of the main approximations typically introduced in practical frozen-density embedding (FDE) calculations of response properties: (i) the use of approximate nonadditive kinetic-energy (NAKE) functionals, which can be avoided through projection techniques, (ii) the use of monomer (subsystem) basis sets rather than supersystem basis sets, and (iii) the neglect of intersubsystem response coupling within the so-called uncoupled FDE (or FDEu) approximation. While approximation (i) is known to generally lead to large errors for covalently bound subsystems, we present cases in which either the basis set or the coupling step are similarly or even (much) more important. In particular, we explicitly demonstrate by comparison to a fully coupled calculation that missing intersubsystem response couplings are responsible for the failure of FDE reported in a previous study [ J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2015, 11, 5305-5315]. We show that good agreement with reference results can be obtained in this case even with standard NAKE approximations for the FDE potentials and efficient monomer basis sets, making calculations for larger systems well accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Niemeyer
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Tölle
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Neugebauer
- Theoretische Organische Chemie, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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