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Nishida Y, Shimizu M, Okuno T, Matsuoka J, Shimotsuma Y, Miura K. Ultra-high temperature Soret effect in a silicate melt: SiO2 migration to cold side. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:134504. [PMID: 37787135 DOI: 10.1063/5.0167239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Soret effect, temperature gradient driven diffusion, in silicate melts has been investigated intensively in the earth sciences from the 1980s. The SiO2 component is generally concentrated in the hotter region of silicate melts under a temperature gradient. Here, we report that at ultra-high temperatures above ∼3000 K, SiO2 becomes concentrated in the colder region of the silicate melts under a temperature gradient. The interior of an aluminosilicate glass [63.3SiO2-16.3Al2O3-20.4CaO (mol. %)] was irradiated with a 250 kHz femtosecond laser pulse for local heating. SiO2 migrated to the colder region during irradiation with an 800 pulse (3.2 ms irradiation). The temperature analysis indicated that migration to the colder region occurred above 3060 K. In the non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulation, SiO2 migrated to the colder region under a temperature gradient, which had an average temperature of 4000 K; this result supports the experimental result. On the other hand, SiO2 exhibited a tendency to migrate to the hotter region at 2400 K in both the NEMD and experimental study. The molar volume calculated by molecular dynamics simulation without a temperature gradient indicates two bends at 1650 and 3250 K under 500 MPa. Therefore, the discontinuous (first order) transition with coexistence of two phases of different composition could be related to the migration of SiO2 to colder region. However, the detailed mechanism has not been elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Nishida
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shimizu
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Okuno
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Jun Matsuoka
- School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-8533, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Shimotsuma
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Miura
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Shimizu M, Sato K, Nakashima K, Kiyosawa T, MATSUOKA J, Shimotsuma Y, Miura K. Composition-dependent sign inversion of the Soret coefficient of SiO 2 in binary borosilicate melts. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:214504. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0090939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a laser-induced local-heating experiment combined with temperature analysis, we observed the composition-dependent sign inversion of the Soret coefficient of SiO2 in binary silicate melts, which was successfully explained by a modified Kempers model used for describing the Soret effect in oxide melts. In particular, the diffusion of SiO2 to the cold side under a temperature gradient, which is an anomaly in silicate melts, was observed in the SiO2-poor compositions. The theoretical model indicates that the thermodynamic mixing properties of oxides, partial molar enthalpy of mixing, and partial molar volume are the dominant factors for determining the migration direction of the SiO2 component under a temperature gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Shimizu
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Engineering Department of Material Chemistry, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kiyotaka Miura
- Kyoto University Graduate School of Engineering Department of Material Chemistry, Japan
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Macias-Montero M, Moreno-Zárate P, Muñoz F, Sotillo B, Garcia-Pardo M, Serna R, Fernandez P, Solis J. Competition Effects during Femtosecond Laser Induced Element Redistribution in Ba- and La-Migration Based Laser Written Waveguides. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123185. [PMID: 34207797 PMCID: PMC8227110 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Fs-laser induced element redistribution (FLIER) has been a subject of intensive research in recent years. Its application to various types of glasses has already resulted in the production of efficient optical waveguides, tappers, amplifiers and lasers. Most of the work reported on FLIER-based waveguides refers to structures produced by the cross-migration of alkali (Na, K) and lanthanides (mostly La). The latter elements act as refractive index carrying elements. Herein, we report the production of Ba-based, FLIER-waveguides in phosphate glass with an index contrast > 10−2. Phosphate glasses modified with the same amount of Na2O and K2O, and variable amounts of BaO and/or La2O3 were used to produce the FLIER-waveguides with Ba and or La acting as index carriers. Ba-only modified glasses show a waveguide writing threshold and light guiding performance comparable to that of La-based structures. However, mixed Ba-La glasses show a much higher element migration threshold, and much smaller compositionally modified regions. This behavior is consistent with a competition effect in the cross-migration of both elements (Ba and La) against the alkalis. Such an effect can be applied to inhibit undesired element redistribution effects in fs-laser processing applications in multicomponent glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Macias-Montero
- Laser Processing Group, Institute of Optics (IO, CSIC), Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (R.S.)
| | - Pedro Moreno-Zárate
- Electronic Engineering Department, National Technological Institute of Mexico, Campus Acatlan de Osorio, Carretera Acatlan—San Juan Ixcaquistla k.m. 5.5, Acatlan de Osorio 74949, Mexico;
| | - Francisco Muñoz
- Institute of Ceramics and Glass (ICV, CSIC), Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Belén Sotillo
- Department of Materials Physics, Faculty of Physics, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Marina Garcia-Pardo
- Laser Processing Group, Institute of Optics (IO, CSIC), Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (R.S.)
| | - Rosalía Serna
- Laser Processing Group, Institute of Optics (IO, CSIC), Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (R.S.)
| | - Paloma Fernandez
- Department of Materials Physics, Faculty of Physics, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (B.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Javier Solis
- Laser Processing Group, Institute of Optics (IO, CSIC), Serrano 121, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (M.M.-M.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-(56)-16800
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