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Yi M, Cui Z, Manthiram A. Impact of Electrolyte on Direct-Contact Prelithiation of Silicon-Graphite Anodes in Lithium-Ion Cells with High-Nickel Cathodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:42270-42282. [PMID: 39099288 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Silicon-based anodes offer high specific capacities to enhance the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, but are severely hindered by the immense volume expansion and subsequent breakage of the solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) during cycling. Herein, we utilize an effective strategy, known as direct-contact prelithiation, to mitigate the challenges associated with expansion and surface instability in SiOx/graphite (SG) anodes. It involves introducing lithium into the anode via physical contact with lithium metal and electrolyte before cycling. Prelithiation of SG anodes with an advanced localized high-concentration electrolyte is shown to develop a mechanically robust artificial SEI that tolerates better the electrode volume expansion. The modified SG anode paired with the high-Ni cathode LiNi0.90Mn0.05Co0.05O2 delivers a high initial capacity of 191 mA h g-1 with 80% capacity retention over 150 cycles, compared to 46% retention with a conventional electrolyte. The bolstered SEI layer with reduced surface reactivity is due to the reduced electrolyte consumption and regulated SEI formation during cycling. Furthermore, the advanced electrolyte and fortified SG anode help reduce cathode degradation, transition-metal dissolution, and loss of active lithium. This study highlights viable prelithiation strategies to stabilize Si-based anodes for high-energy-density batteries through electrolyte design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Yi
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Zehao Cui
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Arumugam Manthiram
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering and Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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Lu Y, Sun Q, Liu Y, Yu P, Zhang Y, Lu J, Huang H, Yang H, Cheng T. DFT-ReaxFF hybrid molecular dynamics investigation of the decomposition effects of localized high-concentration electrolyte in lithium metal batteries: LiFSI/DME/TFEO. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18684-18690. [PMID: 35895316 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02130g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to its low electrochemical potential and high theoretical specific energy, lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) have been considered as a promising advanced energy storage system for portable applications such as electric vehicles (EVs). However, the uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites during cycling has remained a challenge. By utilizing an inert solvent to "dilute" the high concentration electrolytes, the concept of localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) has recently been demostrated as an effective solution to enable the dendrite-free cycling of LMBs. In this work, we investigated the reactions of 2 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) in a mixture of dimethoxyethane (DME)/tris(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) orthoformate (TFEO) electrolyte at a Li metal anode. The SEI formation mechanism is investigated using a hybrid ab initio and reactive force field (HAIR) method. The 1n reactive HAIR trajectory reveals the important initial reduction reactions of LiFSI, TFEO, and DME. Particularly, both FSI anions and TFEO decompose quickly to release a considerable amount of F-, which leads to a LiF-rich SEI inorganic inner layer (IIL). Furthermore, TFEO produces a significant amount of unsaturated carbon products, such as thiophene, which can potentially increase the conductivity of SEI to increase the battery performance. Meanwhile, XPS analysis is utilized to further investigate the evolution of the atomic environment in SEI. Future designs of better electrolytes can be greatly aided by these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Lu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Qintao Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Peiping Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Jiachen Lu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Haochen Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory, for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199, Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China.
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Chen X, Qin L, Sun J, Zhang S, Xiao D, Wu Y. Phase Transfer-Mediated Degradation of Ether-Based Localized High-Concentration Electrolytes in Alkali Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207018. [PMID: 35695829 PMCID: PMC9541886 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Localized high‐concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have attracted interest in alkali metal batteries due to the advantages of forming stable solid‐electrolyte interphases (SEIs) on anodes and good chemical/electrochemical stability. Herein, a new degradation mechanism is revealed for ether‐based LHCEs that questions their compatibility with alkali metal anodes (Li, Na, and K). Specifically, the ether solvent reacts with alkali metals to generate solvated electrons (es−) that attack hydrofluoroether co‐solvents to form a series of byproducts. The ether solvent essentially acts as a phase‐transfer reagent that continuously transfers electrons from solid‐phase metals into the solution phase, thus inhibiting the formation of stable SEI and leading to continuous alkali metal corrosion. Switching to an ester‐based solvating solvent or intercalation anodes such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide has been shown to avoid such a degradation mechanism due to the absence of es−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jiaonan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Songwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dan Xiao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yiying Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Chen X, Qin L, Sun J, Zhang S, Xiao D, Wu Y. Phase Transfer‐Mediated Degradation of Ether‐based Localized High‐concentration Electrolytes in Alkali Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Chen
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University Chemical Engineering No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu CHINA
| | - Lei Qin
- The Ohio State University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 100 West 18th Avenue 43210 Columbus UNITED STATES
| | - Jiaonan Sun
- The Ohio State University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 100 West 18th Avenue 43210 Columbus UNITED STATES
| | - Songwei Zhang
- The Ohio State University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 100 West 18th Avenue 43210 Columbus UNITED STATES
| | - Dan Xiao
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University College of Chemical Engineering No.24 South Section 1 610065 Chengdu CHINA
| | - Yiying Wu
- The Ohio State University Department of Chemistry 100 West 18th Ave 43210 Columbus UNITED STATES
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Zou Y, Cao Z, Zhang J, Wahyudi W, Wu Y, Liu G, Li Q, Cheng H, Zhang D, Park GT, Cavallo L, Anthopoulos TD, Wang L, Sun YK, Ming J. Interfacial Model Deciphering High-Voltage Electrolytes for High Energy Density, High Safety, and Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102964. [PMID: 34510582 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
High-voltage lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) enabled by high-voltage electrolytes can effectively boost energy density and power density, which are critical requirements to achieve long travel distances, fast-charging, and reliable safety performance for electric vehicles. However, operating these batteries beyond the typical conditions of LIBs (4.3 V vs Li/Li+ ) leads to severe electrolyte decomposition, while interfacial side reactions remain elusive. These critical issues have become a bottleneck for developing electrolytes for applications in extreme conditions. Herein, an additive-free electrolyte is presented that affords high stability at high voltage (4.5 V vs Li/Li+ ), lithium-dendrite-free features upon fast-charging operations (e.g., 162 mAh g-1 at 3 C), and superior long-term battery performance at low temperature. More importantly, a new solvation structure-related interfacial model is presented, incorporating molecular-scale interactions between the lithium-ion, anion, and solvents at the electrolyte-electrode interfaces to help interpret battery performance. This report is a pioneering study that explores the dynamic mutual-interaction interfacial behaviors on the lithium layered oxide cathode and graphite anode simultaneously in the battery. This interfacial model enables new insights into electrode performances that differ from the known solid electrolyte interphase approach to be revealed, and sets new guidelines for the design of versatile electrolytes for metal-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Junli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wandi Wahyudi
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yingqiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Haoran Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Dongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Geon-Tae Park
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas D Anthopoulos
- Physical Science and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Limin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Yang-Kook Sun
- Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 133-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ming
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, CAS, Changchun, 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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