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Vanga MK, Bhukya R, Thumma V, Ambadipudi SSSSS, Nayak VL, Andugulapati SB, Manga V. Design and synthesis of Meldrum's acid based 7-azaindole anchored 1,2,3-triazole hybrids as anticancer agents. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1709-1721. [PMID: 38784465 PMCID: PMC11110793 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00015c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of Meldrum's acid, 7-azaindole and 1,2,3-triazole hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against five different cancer cell lines viz. MCF-7 (breast cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), DU-145 (prostate cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer) and K562 (myelogenous leukemia cell). Among the series, compound 6b containing a 4-methyl substitution showed potent activity against HeLa cell line. Cell cycle analysis revealed that compound 6b induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. Apoptotic activity was further confirmed by Hoechst staining and Annexin V-FITC assay. Compound 6b has been found to exhibit higher activity in all four cell lines, with IC50 values of 6.67 ± 0.39 μM, 4.44 ± 0.32 μM, 12.38 ± 0.51 μM and 9.97 ± 0.25 μM against MCF-7, HeLa, DU-145 and HepG2 cell lines respectively. Compounds 6m (9.68 ± 0.10 μM) and 6n (9.52 ± 0.38 μM), which have dimethoxy and trimethoxy substitutions, respectively, have demonstrated significant anticancer activity against HeLa cells compared to the other cells. The molecular docking study of ligand 6b against the crystal structure of EGFR and Mcl-1 scored notable binding energy values and displayed important interactions like H-bond, π-cation and other hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rambabu Bhukya
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 Telangana India
| | - Vishnu Thumma
- Department of Sciences and Humanities, Matrusri Engineering College Hyderabad-500059 Telangana India
| | - S S S S Sudha Ambadipudi
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - V Lakshma Nayak
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - Vijjulatha Manga
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 Telangana India
- Telangana Mahila Viswavidyalayam Hyderabad - 500095 Telangana India
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2
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Araújo IM, Pereira RLS, de Araújo ACJ, Gonçalves SA, Tintino SR, Oliveira-Tintino CDDM, de Menezes IRA, Salamoni R, Begnini IM, Rebelo RA, Silva LED, Gurgel APAD, Coutinho HDM. Meldrum's acid derivates are MepA efflux pump inhibitors: In vitro and in silico essays. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2300558. [PMID: 38110852 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Efflux pumps are proteins capable of expelling antibiotics from bacterial cells, have emerged as a major mechanism of bacterial resistance. In the ongoing pursuit to overcome and reduce bacterial resistance, novel substances are being explored as potential efflux pump inhibitors. Meldrum's acid, a synthetic molecule widely studied for its role in synthesizing bioactive compounds, holds promise in this regard. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of three derivatives of Meldrum's acid and assess their ability to inhibit efflux mechanisms, employing both in silico and in vitro approaches. The antibacterial activity of the derivatives was assessed using a broth microdilution testing method. Surprisingly, the derivatives did not exhibit direct antibacterial activity on their own. However, they displayed a significant effect in enhancing the efficacy of antibiotics, suggesting a potential role in potentiating their effects. Furthermore, fluorescence emission assays using ethidium bromide indicated that the derivatives could potentially block efflux pumps, as they exhibited fluorescence levels comparable to the positive control. To further investigate their inhibitory capacity, molecular docking studies were conducted in silico, revealing binding interactions similar to ciprofloxacin and carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone, known efflux pump inhibitors. These findings highlight the potential of Meldrum's acid derivatives as effective inhibitors of efflux pumps. By targeting these mechanisms, the derivatives offer a promising avenue to enhance the effectiveness of antibiotics and combat bacterial resistance. This study underscores the importance of exploring novel strategies in the fight against bacterial resistance and provides valuable insights into the potential of Meldrum's acid derivatives as efflux pump inhibitors. Further research and exploration in this field are warranted to fully exploit their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Moura Araújo
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Saulo Relison Tintino
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Crato, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renata Salamoni
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), Itoupava Seca, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Iêda Maria Begnini
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), Itoupava Seca, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Andrade Rebelo
- Department of Chemistry, Regional University of Blumenau (FURB), Itoupava Seca, Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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3
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Li W, Zheng Y, Qu E, Bai J, Deng Q. β
‐Keto Amides: A Jack‐of‐All‐Trades Building Block in Organic Chemistry. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanfang Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Erdong Qu
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Jin Bai
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Qinyue Deng
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
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4
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Brosge F, Singh P, Almqvist F, Bolm C. Selected applications of Meldrum's acid - a tutorial. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5014-5027. [PMID: 34019615 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00395j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Due to its unique structure and the vast array of substituents that can be attached to its core, Meldrum's acid is a molecule with exceptional chemical properties. In water, it has a remarkably low pKa value of about 4.9. Its C5 position is readily involved in electrophilic substitution reactions whereas the C4 and C6 positions are easily attacked by nucleophiles. At elevated temperatures Meldrum's acid undergoes distinctive decomposition pathways, which can be used in cycloaddition and acylation reactions. In this Tutorial Review, the authors intend to introduce the principles of the synthetic chemistry of Meldrum's acid and provide the essential knowledge for the design and preparation of compounds with desired properties. As there are many reviews focusing on a specific detail of Meldrum's acid chemistry, we would like to give a broader picture of this diverse molecule for undergraduate and graduate students as well as experienced lab leaders. For achieving this goal, some recent advances in using Meldrum's acid derivatives in synthetic scenarios are presented with the hope to further stimulate and promote research leading to additional innovative applications of this synthetically highly relevant molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Brosge
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Pardeep Singh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Fredrik Almqvist
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Carsten Bolm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Harsanyi A, Lückener A, Pasztor H, Yilmaz Z, Tam L, Yufit DS, Sandford G. α-Fluorotricarbonyl Derivatives as Versatile Fluorinated Building Blocks: Synthesis of Fluoroacetophenone, Fluoroketo Ester and Fluoropyran-4-one Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antal Harsanyi
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; South Road DH1 3LE Durham U.K
| | - Anne Lückener
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; South Road DH1 3LE Durham U.K
| | - Hedvig Pasztor
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; South Road DH1 3LE Durham U.K
| | - Zahide Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; South Road DH1 3LE Durham U.K
| | - Lawrence Tam
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; South Road DH1 3LE Durham U.K
| | - Dmitry S. Yufit
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; South Road DH1 3LE Durham U.K
| | - Graham Sandford
- Department of Chemistry; Durham University; South Road DH1 3LE Durham U.K
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Enyne Meldrum´s acid derivatives: synthesis and Michael reactions with amines and thiols. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang M, Li T, Cui C, Song X, Chang J. Stereoselective Sequential Spirocyclopropanation/Cloke-Wilson Rearrangement Reactions for Synthesis of trans-β,γ-Disubstituted γ-Butyrolactones Using Alkylidene Meldrum's Acid and Benzyl Halides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2266-2276. [PMID: 31920086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The stereoselective sequential spirocyclopropanation/Cloke-Wilson rearrangement reactions have been developed to synthesize γ-butyrolactones using alkylidene Meldrum's acids and benzyl halides. The DBU-promoted spirocyclopropanation was carried out efficiently at room temperature to generate trans-isomeric spirocyclopropyl Meldrum's acid, and the following stereospecific thermal decarboxylative Cloke-Wilson rearrangement afforded trans-γ-butyrolactones. A variety of aromatic and aliphatic Meldrum's acid derived olefins and benzyl halides were tolerated. Various trans-β,γ-disubstituted γ-butyrolactones were produced with moderate to good overall yields from 46 to 96% and excellent diastereoselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minli Zhang
- College of Chemistry , Zhengzhou University , No. 100 Science Avenue , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Chemistry , Zhengzhou University , No. 100 Science Avenue , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Chaoxing Cui
- College of Chemistry , Zhengzhou University , No. 100 Science Avenue , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Xixi Song
- College of Chemistry , Zhengzhou University , No. 100 Science Avenue , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry , Zhengzhou University , No. 100 Science Avenue , Zhengzhou 450001 , P. R. China
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Li T, Yan D, Cui C, Song X, Chang J. A thermal decarboxylative Cloke–Wilson rearrangement of dispirocyclopropanes derived from para-quinone methides and bromo-Meldrum's acids: an approach to synthesize spirobutyrolactone para-dienones. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00770f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented approach to synthesize spirobutyrolactone para-dienones from para-quinone methides and bromo-Meldrum's acids has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Dandan Yan
- Shanghai Gengcai New Material Technology Co. Ltd
- Shanghai 201108
- China
| | - Chaoxing Cui
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Xixi Song
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- China
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El-Meligie SEM, Khalil NA, El-Nassan HB, Ibraheem AAM. A Review on the Synthetic Routes to β-Keto Amides. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666191021120336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the data published on the methods of preparation of β-
keto amides as a versatile synthon for many heterocyclic rings and asymmetric urea derivatives.
Based on the starting materials used for the synthesis of β-keto amides, eight
methods were reported including β-keto acids and their derivatives, Meldrum’s acid and
their derivatives, diketene, 2,6-dimethyl-1,3-dioxin-4-one derivatives (TMD), α-diazo ketones,
enamines and enolates, acetamides and their derivatives and reduction of certain
Passerini products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa E. M. El-Meligie
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Nadia A. Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala B. El-Nassan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. M. Ibraheem
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith P. Reber
- Department of Chemistry, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Hannah E. Burdge
- Department of Chemistry, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
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11
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Zakaszewska A, Najda E, Makowiec S. The stereoselective formation of β-lactams with acyl ketenes generated from 5-acyl-Meldrum's acids. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00884d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Acyl ketenes formed during thermal decomposition of 5-acyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxa-4,6-diones undergo stereoselective [2+2] cycloaddition to chiral aldimines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zakaszewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Ewelina Najda
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
| | - Sławomir Makowiec
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Gdansk University of Technology
- 80-233 Gdansk
- Poland
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