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Sytniczuk A, Struzik F, Grela K, Kajetanowicz A. A tunable family of CAAC-ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts modularly derived from a large-scale produced ibuprofen intermediate. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10744-10755. [PMID: 37829018 PMCID: PMC10566500 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03849a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of tunable CAAC-based ruthenium benzylidene complexes with increased lipophilicity derived from a ketone being a large-scale produced key substrate for a popular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-ibuprofen was obtained and tested in various olefin metathesis transformations. As a group, these catalysts exhibited higher activity than their known analogues containing a smaller and less lipophilic phenyl substituent on the α-carbon atom, but in individual reactions, the size of the N-aryl moiety was revealed as a decisive factor. For example, in the cross-metathesis of methyl oleate with ethylene (ethenolysis)-a reaction with growing industrial potential-the best results were obtained when the N-aryl contained an isopropyl or tert-butyl substituent in the ortho position. At the same time, in the RCM, CM, and self-CM transformations involving larger olefinic substrates, the catalysts with smaller aryl-bearing CAAC ligands, where methyl and ethyl groups occupy ortho, ortho' positions performed better. This offers a great deal of tunability and allows for selection of the best catalyst for a given reaction while keeping the general structure (and manufacturing method) of the ibuprofen-intermediate derived CAAC ligand the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Sytniczuk
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Filip Struzik
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
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2
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Grzesiński Ł, Milewski M, Nadirova M, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Unexpected Latency of Z-Stereoretentive Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Bearing Unsymmetrical N-heterocyclic Carbene or Cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene Ligands. Organometallics 2023; 42:2453-2459. [PMID: 37772273 PMCID: PMC10526643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
A set of ruthenium complexes bearing a CAAC or uNHC ligand and a dithiocatechol fragment have been obtained and characterized spectroscopically. The activity and Z-selectivity of the newly obtained catalysts were studied in selected model CM, self-CM, and RCM olefin metathesis reactions. Intriguingly, and in contrast to structurally related NHC-bearing catalysts Ru4a and Ru4b, the CAAC and uNHC analogues showed no or only very little activity in olefin metathesis. Interestingly, despite being not productive in metathesis reactions conducted in solution, Ru8 enabled the synthesis of a model 16-membered macrocyclic lactone of valuable musk smell with excellent chemoselectivity (no C-C double-bond migration was observed) at a concentration 40 times higher than that typically used by organic chemists in similar macrocyclizations (200 mM instead of 5 mM) with excellent Z-selectivity. Unfortunately, also here the conversion was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Grzesiński
- Biological and Chemical Research
Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Milewski
- Biological and Chemical Research
Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maryana Nadirova
- Biological and Chemical Research
Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research
Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research
Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University
of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Yan W, You Z, Meng K, Du F, Zhang S, Jin X. Cross-metathesis of biomass to olefins: Molecular catalysis bridging the gap between fossil and bio-energy. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Lin Z, Huang B, Ouyang L, Zheng L. Synthesis of Cyclic Fragrances via Transformations of Alkenes, Alkynes and Enynes: Strategies and Recent Progress. Molecules 2022; 27:3576. [PMID: 35684511 PMCID: PMC9182196 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing demand for customized commodities and the greater insight and understanding of olfaction, the synthesis of fragrances with diverse structures and odor characters has become a core task. Recent progress in organic synthesis and catalysis enables the rapid construction of carbocycles and heterocycles from readily available unsaturated molecular building blocks, with increased selectivity, atom economy, sustainability and product diversity. In this review, synthetic methods for creating cyclic fragrances, including both natural and synthetic ones, will be discussed, with a focus on the key transformations of alkenes, alkynes, dienes and enynes. Several strategies will be discussed, including cycloaddition, catalytic cyclization, ring-closing metathesis, intramolecular addition, and rearrangement reactions. Representative examples and the featured olfactory investigations will be highlighted, along with some perspectives on future developments in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Liyao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Z.L.); (B.H.); (L.O.)
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5
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E- and Z-trisubstituted macrocyclic alkenes for natural product synthesis and skeletal editing. Nat Chem 2022; 14:640-649. [PMID: 35577918 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-00935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Many therapeutic agents are macrocyclic trisubstituted alkenes but preparation of these structures is typically inefficient and non-selective. A possible solution would entail catalytic macrocyclic ring-closing metathesis, but these transformations require high catalyst loading, conformationally rigid precursors and are often low yielding and/or non-stereoselective. Here we introduce a ring-closing metathesis strategy for synthesis of trisubstituted macrocyclic olefins in either stereoisomeric form, regardless of the level of entropic assistance. The goal was achieved by addressing several unexpected difficulties, including complications arising from pre-ring-closing metathesis alkene isomerization. The power of the method is highlighted by two examples. The first is the near-complete reversal of substrate-controlled selectivity in the formation of a macrolactam related to an antifungal natural product. The other is a late-stage stereoselective generation of an E-trisubstituted alkene in a 24-membered ring, en route to the cytotoxic natural product dolabelide C.
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Kotha S, Agrawal A, Tangella Y. Synthesis of mixed musks via Eschenmoser-Tanabe fragmentation, enyne metathesis and Diels-Alder reaction as key steps. RSC Adv 2022; 12:14278-14281. [PMID: 35558836 PMCID: PMC9092383 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01458k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Musk analogues containing different macrocyclic ring systems as well as different annulated ring systems were synthesised by a simple and useful strategy. This strategy includes Eschenmoser-Tanabe fragmentation, enyne metathesis and Diels-Alder reaction as key steps. Starting from easily available (n) macrocyclic ketones, (n + 3) macrocyclic systems were assembled using the basic organic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sambasivarao Kotha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra India
| | - Arpit Agrawal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra India
| | - Yellaiah Tangella
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 Maharashtra India
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Phatake RS, Nechmad NB, Reany O, Lemcoff NG. Highly Substrate‐Selective Macrocyclic Ring Closing Metathesis. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra S. Phatake
- Department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel
- Department of Natural and Life Sciences The Open University of Israel Ra'anana 4353701 Israel
| | - Noy B. Nechmad
- Department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel
| | - Ofer Reany
- Department of Natural and Life Sciences The Open University of Israel Ra'anana 4353701 Israel
| | - N. Gabriel Lemcoff
- Department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 8410501 Israel
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Monsigny L, Czarnocki S, Sienkiewicz M, Kopcha W, Frankfurter R, Vogt C, Solodenko W, Kajetanowicz A, Kirschning A, Grela K. Ruthenium Complex Bearing a Hydroxy Group Functionalised N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand – A Universal Platform for Synthesis of Tagged and Immobilised Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis Monsigny
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Stefan Czarnocki
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Michał Sienkiewicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - William Kopcha
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - René Frankfurter
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Callinstr. 9 D-30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Carla Vogt
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Technical University Freiberg Leipziger Straße 29 09599 Freiberg Germany
| | - Wladimir Solodenko
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Schneiderberg 1b D-30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Andreas Kirschning
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover Schneiderberg 1b D-30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury Street 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
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9
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Monsigny L, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Ruthenium Complexes Featuring Unsymmetrical N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands-Useful Olefin Metathesis Catalysts for Special Tasks. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3648-3661. [PMID: 34145741 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review describes a distinct class of ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts featuring unsymmetrical N-heterocyclic carbene (uNHC) ligands, from its historical beginning to the present state of the art. Thanks to advantageous traits, such as pronounced thermodynamic stability, chemical latency, outstanding selectivity, and compatibility with green solvents, these catalysts led to good results in a number of specialized metathesis transformations. Therefore, while being a niche, the uNHC complexes can potentially be implemented in a number of industrial processes, such as valorization of Fischer-Tropsch olefin fractions, ethenolysis of renewable products, and modern pharmaceutical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Monsigny
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury Street 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Tandem Olefin Metathesis/α-Ketohydroxylation Revisited. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11060719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
EWG-activated and polar quaternary ammonium salt-tagged ruthenium metathesis catalysts have been applied in a two-step one-pot metathesis-oxidation process leading to functionalized α-hydroxyketones (acyloins). In this assisted tandem process, the metathesis catalyst is used first to promote ring-closing metathesis (RCM) and cross-metathesis (CM) steps, then upon the action of Oxone™ converts into an oxidation catalyst able to transform the newly formed olefinic product into acyloin under mild conditions.
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11
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Nienałtowski T, Szczepanik P, Małecki P, Czajkowska‐Szczykowska D, Czarnocki S, Pawłowska J, Kajetanowicz A, Grela K. Large‐Scale Synthesis of a Niche Olefin Metathesis Catalyst Bearing an Unsymmetrical N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) Ligand and its Application in a Green Pharmaceutical Context. Chemistry 2020; 26:15708-15717. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Nienałtowski
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
- Polpharma SA Pharmaceutical Works Pelplinska 19 83-200 Starogard Gdanski Poland
| | - Paweł Szczepanik
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Paweł Małecki
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Dorota Czajkowska‐Szczykowska
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Pawłowska
- Polpharma SA Pharmaceutical Works Pelplinska 19 83-200 Starogard Gdanski Poland
| | - Anna Kajetanowicz
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
| | - Karol Grela
- Biological and Chemical Research Centre Faculty of Chemistry University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warsaw Poland
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12
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Abstract
Ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts are one of the most commonly used class of catalysts. There are multiple reviews on their uses in various branches of chemistry and other sciences but a detailed review of their decomposition is missing, despite a large number of recent and important advances in this field. In particular, in the last five years several new mechanism of decomposition, both olefin-driven as well as induced by external agents, have been suggested and used to explain differences in the decomposition rates and the metathesis activities of both standard, N-heterocyclic carbene-based systems and the recently developed cyclic alkyl amino carbene-containing complexes. Here we present a review which explores the last 30 years of the decomposition studied on ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst driven by both intrinsic features of such catalysts as well as external chemicals.
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