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Sullivan P, Davis M, Bretón J, Edwards-Callaway L. Investigating the impact of pre-slaughter management factors on meat quality outcomes in cattle raised for beef: A scoping review. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.1065002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe pre-slaughter management period is a critical juncture in the beef supply chain, having implications not only for animal welfare and product quality, but also for profitability. During this period, cattle are exposed to many stressors in a short time, many of which have been shown to impact meat quality. Understanding how cattle management during this terminal step in the production chain affects meat quality and economic outcomes is crucial.MethodsThe objective of this study was to investigate, synthesize, and report on research evaluating the impact of management factors during the pre-slaughter period on beef meat quality. A systematic approach was used to search for peer-reviewed and primary studies published in English in CAB Abstracts, PubMed, and Web of Science. A total of 3,217 non-duplicate records were screened for eligibility; articles were deemed eligible for inclusion if they included beef cattle in the pre-slaughter period and reported at least one meat quality outcome. After three screening rounds, 85 articles met all inclusion criteria. Data pertinent to the scoping review’s aims were extracted, including study location, population characteristics, pre-slaughter factors reported, and outcomes of interest.ResultsEurope (35, 41%) and South America (21, 25%) represented approximately two-thirds of the studies. Bulls (37, 43.5%) and steers (34, 40.0%) were the most reported sex classes, with the most frequent breed types reported as predominantly British or Continental and Bos indicus breeds (24, 28.2%; 24, 28.2%, respectively). Transportation (n=46), lairage (n=36), and handling (n=35) practices were the most reported pre-slaughter factors. Overall, 59 studies reported pH as an outcome of interest – almost double that of the next highest outcome, bruising (n=35). Muscle pH was most assessed with predictors at the abattoir (n=37); conversely, the effects of transportation were most evaluated on bruising (n=23).DiscussionA trend across all the categories was that there were relatively few studies evaluating the impact of pre-transport factors on meat quality. Charting the relevant literature is a critical step towards understanding the relationship between pre-slaughter management and end-product quality; doing so will help industry stakeholders in the beef production chain optimize management practices that improve meat quality and enhance profitability.
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Davis M, Sullivan P, Bretón J, Dean L, Edwards-Callaway L. Investigating the impact of pre-slaughter management factors on indicators of fed beef cattle welfare – a scoping review. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.1073849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe impact of pre-slaughter management practices on fed beef cattle welfare is a multifaceted and well researched subject matter. Factors such as transportation, handling, lairage time and several animal characteristics can directly impact the cattle’s behavior, mobility, blood lactate and cortisol levels, likelihood of injury and ultimately overall cattle welfare. Animal welfare continues to grow as a critical component of slaughter in the fed beef industry, yet a formal review of related research does not exist.MethodsA scoping review was performed in order to (1) catalog pre-slaughter management factors that impact fed beef cattle welfare at the time of slaughter, (2) identify indicators used to evaluate the impact of pre-slaughter management on fed beef cattle welfare at slaughter, and (3) gain further understanding of the relationship between pre-slaughter management factors and fed beef cattle welfare outcome indicators at slaughter. Three data bases were ultimately searched: PubMed, CAB Abstracts, and Web of Science. The concepts used in the database searches were the population of interest (i.e., fed beef cattle), the location in the supply chain, preslaughter management factors, and welfare outcomes.ResultsA total of 69 studies were included in final analysis for this review, including studies from six geographic regions around the globe. Studies involving alternative slaughter methods (e.g., religious stunning or mobile slaughter) were not included in the formal analysis of this review, but still merited an in-depth discussion within this paper. After reviewing the studies, a total of 37 pre-slaughter factors and 69 indicators of welfare were measured throughout. Pre-slaughter management factors were then categorized by: animal characteristics; environmental characteristics; handling; lairage; transportation; and water/feed. Outcomeindicators of welfare were categorized into: behaviors; health, injury and disease; physiological; and stunning and insensibility.DiscussionPre-slaughter factors relating to transportation and handling, and welfare outcomes measured by behaviors and physiology were of the most researched throughout the studies.The results of this review offer a catalogue of commonly researched factors and indicators of welfare measured during the pre-slaughter phase, as well ast he relationships between them. This review also offers further substantial evidence that a multitude of events in the pre-slaughter phase affect fed beef cattle welfare and a collection of highly applicable welfare indicators to expedite further research on the effects of pre-slaughter factors and the application of improved practices.
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Ceconi I, Pighin DG, Davies P, Cunzolo SA, Pazos A, Grigioni G. Dietary inclusion of ruminally protected linseed oil as a means to mitigate heat and slaughter-induced stress in feedlot cattle. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6542080. [PMID: 35240690 PMCID: PMC9030236 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is evidence of a relationship between increased energy intake and the development of metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance (IR), and between the aforementioned metabolic state and impaired tolerance to heat stress. Based on the anti-inflammatory properties and mitigating effects on IR and stress of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), an experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation to feedlot-finished steers during summer on animal performance, physiological and biochemical variables associated with glucose metabolism, heat and preslaughter-induced stress, and meat quality. A total of 48 Angus steers (388 ± 2 kg) were fed one of three corn-based finishing diets containing (dry matter basis) 0% added oil (CON; negative control), or 1.90% of sunflower oil-calcium salt (SUN; positive control), or 1.92% of linseed oil-calcium salt (LIN). There was a trend (P = 0.08) for greater dry matter intake (DMI) and greater (P = 0.02) average daily gain (ADG) in LIN-fed animals compared with the average between those that received the CON or SUN diets, whereas no differences (P ≥ 0.34) were observed between the latter. No other performance, physiological, or carcass variables were affected (P ≥ 0.12) by treatment. Blood glucose and insulin were similar (P ≥ 0.14), though the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) which gauges IR tended (P = 0.06) to be reduced for LIN-fed animals compared with the average between those that received the CON or SUN diets. Blood insulin and HOMA increased linearly (P ≤ 0.01) with days on feed. An interaction between the study phase (feeding period or slaughter) and treatment was observed (P ≤ 0.05) for glucose and cortisol. While the magnitude of glucose increase (P < 0.01) from the end of the feeding period to slaughter was greater for CON- and SUN-fed animals compared with LIN-fed ones, cortisol increased (P < 0.05) only in animals that received CON or SUN diets. Meat quality attributes were not affected (P ≥ 0.16) by treatment. The concentration of n-3 PUFA was greater (P < 0.01) and n-6:n-3 ratio was lesser (P < 0.01) in meat from LIN-fed animals compared with that resulting from the average between the animals that received the negative (CON) or positive (SUN) control diets. Results suggest that n-3 PUFA supplementation mitigated metabolic alterations associated with IR and preslaughter-related stress. It may have also improved tolerance to heat, resulting in greater DMI and ADG of steers fed a high-energy diet during summer. Results also indicate that glucose metabolism and heat stress tolerance worsen with time when feeding concentrate-based diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Ceconi
- Department of Animal Production, Experimental Station of General Villegas, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), General Villegas, Buenos Aires B6230DCB, Argentina
| | - Dario G Pighin
- Food Technology Institute – Institute of Science and Technology of Sustainable Food Systems, UEDD INTA CONICET, Castelar, Buenos Aires B1708WAB, Argentina,Agronomy Faculty, University of Morón, Morón, Buenos Aires B1708JPD, Argentina,Corresponding author:
| | - Patricio Davies
- Department of Animal Production, Experimental Station of General Villegas, National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), General Villegas, Buenos Aires B6230DCB, Argentina
| | - Sebastián A Cunzolo
- Food Technology Institute – Institute of Science and Technology of Sustainable Food Systems, UEDD INTA CONICET, Castelar, Buenos Aires B1708WAB, Argentina,Agronomy Faculty, University of Morón, Morón, Buenos Aires B1708JPD, Argentina
| | - Adriana Pazos
- Food Technology Institute – Institute of Science and Technology of Sustainable Food Systems, UEDD INTA CONICET, Castelar, Buenos Aires B1708WAB, Argentina,Agronomy Faculty, University of Morón, Morón, Buenos Aires B1708JPD, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Grigioni
- Food Technology Institute – Institute of Science and Technology of Sustainable Food Systems, UEDD INTA CONICET, Castelar, Buenos Aires B1708WAB, Argentina,Agronomy Faculty, University of Morón, Morón, Buenos Aires B1708JPD, Argentina
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Guarnido-López P, Resconi VC, Campo MDM, Guerrero A, María GA, Olleta JL. Slaughtering of heifers in a local or an industrial abattoir: animal welfare and meat quality consequences. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.104904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Stempa T, Bradley G. Effect of Sex and Breed on HSPA1A, Blood Stress Indicators and Meat Quality of Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091514. [PMID: 32867012 PMCID: PMC7552312 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine sex and breed effects on heat shock protein 70 (HSPA1A), blood stress indicators and meat quality attributes of lambs. A hundred male and female lambs from the Dorper (n = 50) and Merino (n = 50) breeds were used in this study. Breed and sex had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the levels of plasma HSPA1A and lactate; where the Merino lambs had higher levels than Dorper. The female lambs had higher levels of plasma HSPA1A than male lambs. Significant sex and breed interactions (p < 0.05) on the levels of plasma HSPA1A were seen. Females had higher (p < 0.05) pHu than males. Dorper lambs had higher (p < 0.05) pH45, meat lightness, thawing loss and tougher meat the Merino breed. Significant correlations were found amongst plasma stress indicators and meat quality attributes. The results indicate that female lambs were more stressed by the pre-slaughter period than males, while the Merino had a higher physiological stress response compared to the Dorper. However, the Dorper breed produced tougher meat.
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Luo Y, Wang B, Liu C, Su R, Hou Y, Yao D, Zhao L, Su L, Jin Y. Meat quality, fatty acids, volatile compounds, and antioxidant properties of lambs fed pasture versus mixed diet. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2796-2805. [PMID: 31572572 PMCID: PMC6766570 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of feeding regimens (pasture vs. mixed diet) on meat quality, fatty acids, volatile compounds, and antioxidant properties in lamb meat. In total, 24 lambs were allotted into two feeding regimens at 10.23 kg live weight. Lambs were fed on pasture grass (PG group, n = 12) or mixed diet (M group, n = 12). Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle samples from the M group had a higher intramuscular fat (IMF) (p < 0.05), pH45minvalue (p < 0.01), and ash (p < 0.05) than the PG group. In contrast, the shear force (p < 0.05), L*(p < 0.05), and b* (p < 0.001) in M group were lower than in PG group. Analyses indicated that PG group contained higher linolenic acid (C18:3n3) and docosatrienoic acid (C22:3n6) (p < 0.05) than the M group. Major volatile compounds in the muscles included hexanal, heptanal, nonanal, octanal, 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-octen-3-ol, and 2,3-octanedione. The levels of hexanal, nonanal, and 2,3-octanedione were significantly lower in PG lamb muscle (p < 0.01). In contrast, 1-pentanol and 1-hexanol levels were higher in M lamb muscle (p < 0.01). Muscle from PG lamb exhibited higher catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity (p < 0.05). PG muscle also contained a higher radical-scavenging ability (RSA; p < 0.001) and cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC; p < 0.05). Overall, the improved antioxidant status in PG muscle inhibited lipid peroxidation (aldehydes and ketones), thereby improving the meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Luo
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Bohui Wang
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Rina Su
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Yanru Hou
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Duo Yao
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Lihua Zhao
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Lin Su
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
| | - Ye Jin
- College of Food Science and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhotChina
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Lamb loin tenderness is not associated with plasma indicators of pre-slaughter stress. Meat Sci 2018; 137:147-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Marcoppido G, Arzamendia Y, Vilá B. Physiological and behavioral indices of short-term stress in wild vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) in Jujuy Province, Argentina. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2017; 21:244-255. [PMID: 29207883 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2017.1403324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The management of wild vicuñas can trigger a stress response that may compromise welfare. In Santa Catalina, Jujuy Province, Argentina, indices of short-term stress associated with capture, handling, and shearing were studied in 105 wild vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna). The study included 2 groups (n = 59 and n = 46) of wild vicuñas captured in 2 consecutive days. Independent variables analyzed included sex, restraint time, and groups. Cortisol, creatine kinase, glucose, white blood cells, temperature, heart rate, and respiratory frequency were higher than published values. Respiratory rate increased during handling and correlated with holding time and group size, while heart rate decreased. Packed cell volume was higher in females. Cortisol concentrations differed between restraint groups and sex and inversely correlated with agonistic behavior. The most common behavior was increased vigilance. Sternal recumbency increased over holding time. During handling procedures, frequency of sudden movements like kicking and attempts to stand increased as restraint time increased. Females vocalized more than males. In conclusion, the methods used triggered measurable changes suggestive of short-term stress that appeared to be physiologically tolerated by the vicuñas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Marcoppido
- a Pathobiology Institute (Instituto de Patobiologia), Research Centre for Veterinary and Agronomic Sciences (Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (CICVyA)), National Institute of Agronomic and Livestock Technology (Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria (INTA)) Castelar , Buenos Aires , Argentina.,b Vicuñas, Camelids, Environment (VICAM) (Vicuñas, Camélidos, Ambiente) , Buenos Aires , Argentina.,c National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Yanina Arzamendia
- b Vicuñas, Camelids, Environment (VICAM) (Vicuñas, Camélidos, Ambiente) , Buenos Aires , Argentina.,d Faculty of Agronomic Science (Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias ), Institute of Andean Eco-regions National University of Jujuy (Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas (INECOA)) CONICET, National University of Jujuy (Universidad Nacional de Jujuy) , Jujuy , Argentina
| | - Bibiana Vilá
- b Vicuñas, Camelids, Environment (VICAM) (Vicuñas, Camélidos, Ambiente) , Buenos Aires , Argentina.,c National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas) , Buenos Aires , Argentina.,e Departamento de Ciencias Sociales (Social Sciences Department), National University of Lujan (Universidad Nacional de Luján ), Buenos Aires , Argentina
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