Sugiharto S. Dietary strategies to alleviate high-stocking-density-induced stress in broiler chickens – a comprehensive review.
Arch Anim Breed 2022;
65:21-36. [PMID:
35106363 PMCID:
PMC8795885 DOI:
10.5194/aab-65-21-2022]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Stocking broilers at a high density has been a strategy to optimize the area
of the cage and hence increase the efficiency of broiler production. If the
environmental (microclimate) conditions and rearing management are not
properly managed, stocking broilers at a high density may, however, result in
stressful conditions that are harmful for the production, health and welfare
of broilers. To ameliorate these unfavorable effects of overcrowding
stress, dietary interventions have been conducted. Probiotics, prebiotics,
synbiotics, plant-derived products, vitamins, propolis, amino acids, fatty
acids, etc. have been supplemented in diets to deal with the harmful impact
of stress induced by a high stocking density of broilers. This review
covers the detrimental effects of overcrowding-induced stress on broiler
development and attempts to ameliorate those negative effects by
dietary interventions.
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