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Affiliation(s)
- Sean W. Hewson
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology; 4001 Brisbane, Queensland Australia
| | - Kathleen M. Mullen
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering; Queensland University of Technology; 4001 Brisbane, Queensland Australia
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Makarska-Bialokoz M. Comparative study of binding interactions between porphyrin systems and aromatic compounds of biological importance by multiple spectroscopic techniques: A review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 200:263-274. [PMID: 29694930 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The specific spectroscopic and redox properties of porphyrins predestine them to fulfill the role of sensors during interacting with different biologically active substances. Monitoring of binding interactions in the systems porphyrin-biologically active compound is a key question not only in the field of physiological functions of living organisms, but also in environmental protection, notably in the light of the rapidly growing drug consumption and concurrently the production of drug effluents. Not always beneficial action of drugs on natural porphyrin systems induces to further studies, with commercially available porphyrins as the model systems. Therefore the binding process between several water-soluble porphyrins and a series of biologically active compounds (e.g. caffeine, guanine, theophylline, theobromine, xanthine, uric acid) has been studied in different aqueous solutions analyzing their absorption and steady-state fluorescence spectra, the porphyrin fluorescence lifetimes and their quantum yields. The magnitude of the binding and fluorescence quenching constants values for particular quenchers decreases in a series: uric acid > guanine > caffeine > theophylline > theobromine > xanthine. In all the systems studied there are characters of static quenching, as a consequence of the π-π-stacked non-covalent and non-fluorescent complexes formation between porphyrins and interacting compounds, accompanied simultaneously by the additional specific binding interactions. The porphyrin fluorescence quenching can be explain by the photoinduced intermolecular electron transfer from aromatic compound to the center of the porphyrin molecule, playing the role of the binding site. Presented results can be valuable for designing of new fluorescent porphyrin chemosensors or monitoring of drug traces in aqueous solutions. The obtained outcomes have also the toxicological and medical importance, providing insight into the interactions of the water-soluble porphyrins with biologically active substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Makarska-Bialokoz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, M. C. Sklodowska Sq. 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
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Durot S, Taesch J, Heitz V. Multiporphyrinic cages: architectures and functions. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8542-78. [PMID: 25026396 DOI: 10.1021/cr400673y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Durot
- Laboratoire de Synthèse des Assemblages Moléculaires Multifonctionnels, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, CNRS/UMR 7177 , 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Credi A, Silvi S, Venturi M. Light-Operated Machines Based on Threaded Molecular Structures. MOLECULAR MACHINES AND MOTORS 2014; 354:1-34. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Bhattachayay D, Pal P, Banerjee S, Sanyal SK, Turner APF, Sarkar P. Electrochemical Acetylcholine Chloride Biosensor Using an Acetylcholine Esterase Biomimic. ANAL LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710802119251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rieth S, Yan Z, Xia S, Gardlik M, Chow A, Fraenkel G, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. Molecular Encapsulation via Metal-to-Ligand Coordination in a Cu(I)-Folded Molecular Basket. J Org Chem 2008; 73:5100-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800748k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Rieth
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Zhiqing Yan
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Shijing Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Matthew Gardlik
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Albert Chow
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Gideon Fraenkel
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Jovica D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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Kay ER, Leigh DA, Zerbetto F. Synthetic molecular motors and mechanical machines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:72-191. [PMID: 17133632 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200504313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2047] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of controlled molecular-level motion in key natural processes suggests that great rewards could come from bridging the gap between the present generation of synthetic molecular systems, which by and large rely upon electronic and chemical effects to carry out their functions, and the machines of the macroscopic world, which utilize the synchronized movements of smaller parts to perform specific tasks. This is a scientific area of great contemporary interest and extraordinary recent growth, yet the notion of molecular-level machines dates back to a time when the ideas surrounding the statistical nature of matter and the laws of thermodynamics were first being formulated. Here we outline the exciting successes in taming molecular-level movement thus far, the underlying principles that all experimental designs must follow, and the early progress made towards utilizing synthetic molecular structures to perform tasks using mechanical motion. We also highlight some of the issues and challenges that still need to be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euan R Kay
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, UK
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Kay E, Leigh D, Zerbetto F. Synthetische molekulare Motoren und mechanische Maschinen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200504313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sambrook MR, Beer PD, Lankshear MD, Ludlow RF, Wisner JA. Anion-templated assembly of [2]rotaxanes. Org Biomol Chem 2006; 4:1529-38. [PMID: 16604221 DOI: 10.1039/b518178j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Anion templation is used to develop a general method for rotaxane synthesis. The anion-templated synthesis of three new [2]rotaxanes containing positively charged pyridinium axles and neutral isophthalamide macrocyclic components is described. The incorporation of electron withdrawing substituents, such as the nitro group, into the 5-position of an isophthalamide bis-vinyl acyclic precursor results in a significant improvement in [2]rotaxane assembly yields. Rotaxane anion binding strengths are also enhanced whilst the rotaxane's unique interlocked binding domain ensures selectivity for chloride--the templating anion--is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Sambrook
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK OX1 3QR
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Balzani V, Credi A, Silvi S, Venturi M. Artificial nanomachines based on interlocked molecular species: recent advances. Chem Soc Rev 2006; 35:1135-49. [PMID: 17057842 DOI: 10.1039/b517102b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The bottom-up construction and operation of nanoscale machines and motors, that is, supramolecular systems wherein the molecular components can be set in motion in a controlled manner for ultimately accomplishing a function, is a topic of great interest in nanoscience and a fascinating challenge of nanotechnology. The field of artificial molecular machines and motors is growing at an astonishing rate and is attracting a great deal of interest. Research in the last decade has shown that species made of interlocked molecular components like rotaxanes, catenanes and related systems are most attractive candidates. In recent times, the evolution of the structural and functional design of such systems has led to the construction and operation of complex molecular machines that, in some cases, are able to do specific tasks. This tutorial review is intended to discuss the design principles for nanomachines based on interlocked molecules, and to provide a timely overview on representative prototype systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Balzani
- Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Università di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Kinbara K, Aida T. Toward intelligent molecular machines: directed motions of biological and artificial molecules and assemblies. Chem Rev 2005; 105:1377-400. [PMID: 15826015 DOI: 10.1021/cr030071r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 673] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Kinbara
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Jeppesen J, Nygaard S, Vignon S, Stoddart J. Honing Up a Genre of Amphiphilic Bistable [2]Rotaxanes for Device Settings. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200400530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bakker JM, Langford SJ, Latter MJ, Lee KA, Woodward CP. Template-Directed Assembly of a Macrocyclic Porphyrin Tetramer Using Olefin Metathesis. Aust J Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1071/ch05262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A macrocyclic porphyrin tetramer was prepared in 52% yield by olefin metathesis employing a 5,10,15,20-tetrapyridylporphyrin template.
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Green AJ. Increasing our Impact. Aust J Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1071/ch04285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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