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Khodabandeh A, Arrua RD, Coad BR, Rodemann T, Ohigashi T, Kosugi N, Thickett SC, Hilder EF. Morphology control in polymerised high internal phase emulsion templated via macro-RAFT agent composition: visualizing surface chemistry. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01770g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of polymerized high internal phase emulsion (polyHIPE) materials have been prepared by using a water in oil emulsion stabilized by a macro-RAFT agent, 2-(butylthiocarbonothioylthio)-2-poly(styrene)-b-poly(acrylic acid), acting as a polymeric surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Khodabandeh
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS)
- University of Tasmania
- Tasmania
- Australia
- Future Industries Institute
| | - R. D. Arrua
- Future Industries Institute
- University of South Australia
- Adelaide, SA 5001
- Australia
| | - B. R. Coad
- Future Industries Institute
- University of South Australia
- Adelaide, SA 5001
- Australia
- School of Agriculture
| | - T. Rodemann
- Central Science Laboratory
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart 7001
- Australia
| | - T. Ohigashi
- UVSOR Synchrotron
- Institute for Molecular Science
- Okazaki
- 444-8585 Japan
| | - N. Kosugi
- UVSOR Synchrotron
- Institute for Molecular Science
- Okazaki
- 444-8585 Japan
| | - S. C. Thickett
- School of Physical Sciences
- University of Tasmania
- Hobart 7001
- Australia
| | - E. F. Hilder
- Future Industries Institute
- University of South Australia
- Adelaide, SA 5001
- Australia
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2
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Späth A, Watts B, Wasserthal LT, Fink RH. Quantitative study of contrast enhancement in soft X-ray micrographs of insect eyes by tissue selective mass loss. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2014; 21:1153-1159. [PMID: 25178006 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577514013940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative studies of soft X-ray induced radiation damage in zone-plate-based X-ray microspectroscopy have so far concentrated on investigations of homogeneous specimens. However, more complex materials can show unexpected radiation-induced behaviour. Here a quantitative radiochemical analysis of biological tissue from Xantophan morganii praedicta eyes is presented. Contrast enhancement due to tissue selective mass loss leading to a significant improvement of imaging quality is reported. Since conventional quantitative analysis of the absorbed dose cannot conclusively explain the experimental observations on photon-energy-dependent radiation damage, a significant contribution of photo- and secondary electrons to soft matter damage for photon energies above the investigated absorption edge is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Späth
- Physical Chemistry 2 and ICMM, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Benjamin Watts
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Lutz Thilo Wasserthal
- Developmental Biology, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Rainer H Fink
- Physical Chemistry 2 and ICMM, Friedrich Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstrasse 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
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3
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Arrua RD, Hitchcock AP, Hon WB, West M, Hilder EF. Characterization of Polymer Monoliths Containing Embedded Nanoparticles by Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM). Anal Chem 2014; 86:2876-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403166u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Dario Arrua
- Australian Centre
for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag
75, Hobart 7001, Australia
| | - Adam P. Hitchcock
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Wei Boon Hon
- Australian Centre
for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag
75, Hobart 7001, Australia
| | - Marcia West
- Faculty of
Health
Sciences Electron Microscopy Facility, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Emily F. Hilder
- Australian Centre
for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Private Bag
75, Hobart 7001, Australia
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4
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Andrews JC, Meirer F, Liu Y, Mester Z, Pianetta P. Transmission X-ray microscopy for full-field nano imaging of biomaterials. Microsc Res Tech 2010; 74:671-81. [PMID: 20734414 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Imaging of cellular structure and extended tissue in biological materials requires nanometer resolution and good sample penetration, which can be provided by current full-field transmission X-ray microscopic techniques in the soft and hard X-ray regions. The various capabilities of full-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) include 3D tomography, Zernike phase contrast, quantification of absorption, and chemical identification via X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near edge structure imaging. These techniques are discussed and compared in light of results from the imaging of biological materials including microorganisms, bone and mineralized tissue, and plants, with a focus on hard X-ray TXM at ≤ 40-nm resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy C Andrews
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
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5
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Leung BO, Brash JL, Hitchcock AP. Characterization of Biomaterials by Soft X-Ray Spectromicroscopy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2010; 3:3911-3938. [PMID: 28883316 PMCID: PMC5445794 DOI: 10.3390/ma3073911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Synchrotron-based soft X-ray spectromicroscopy techniques are emerging as useful tools to characterize potentially biocompatible materials and to probe protein interactions with model biomaterial surfaces. Simultaneous quantitative chemical analysis of the near surface region of the candidate biomaterial, and adsorbed proteins, peptides or other biological species can be obtained at high spatial resolution via scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) and X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (X-PEEM). Both techniques use near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectral contrast for chemical identification and quantitation. The capabilities of STXM and X-PEEM for the analysis of biomaterials are reviewed and illustrated by three recent studies: (1) characterization of hydrophobic surfaces, including adsorption of fibrinogen (Fg) or human serum albumin (HSA) to hydrophobic polymeric thin films, (2) studies of HSA adsorption to biodegradable or potentially biocompatible polymers, and (3) studies of biomaterials under fully hydrated conditions. Other recent applications of STXM and X-PEEM to biomaterials are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie O Leung
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M, Canada.
| | - John L Brash
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S4M1, Canada.
| | - Adam P Hitchcock
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M, Canada.
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6
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Organic Carbon Chemistry in Soils Observed by Synchrotron-Based Spectroscopy. SYNCHROTRON-BASED TECHNIQUES IN SOILS AND SEDIMENTS 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-2481(10)34010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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7
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Li J, Hitchcock AP, Stöver HDH, Shirley I. A New Approach to Studying Microcapsule Wall Growth Mechanisms. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma802130n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- BIMR and Deptartment of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1, and Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - Adam P. Hitchcock
- BIMR and Deptartment of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1, and Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - Harald D. H. Stöver
- BIMR and Deptartment of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1, and Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Shirley
- BIMR and Deptartment of Chemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1, and Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, United Kingdom
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8
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Leung BO, Hitchcock AP, Brash JL, Scholl A, Doran A. Phase Segregation in Polystyrene−Polylactide Blends. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma802176b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie O. Leung
- BIMR, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; and Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Adam P. Hitchcock
- BIMR, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; and Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - John L. Brash
- BIMR, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; and Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Andreas Scholl
- BIMR, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; and Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Andrew Doran
- BIMR, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1; and Advanced Light Source, Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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9
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NEXAFS microscopy and resonant scattering: Composition and orientation probed in real and reciprocal space. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Stewart-Ornstein J, Hitchcock AP, Hernández Cruz D, Henklein P, Overhage J, Hilpert K, Hale JD, Hancock REW. Using Intrinsic X-ray Absorption Spectral Differences To Identify and Map Peptides and Proteins. J Phys Chem B 2007; 111:7691-9. [PMID: 17559260 DOI: 10.1021/jp0720993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsic variation in the near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of peptides and proteins provide an opportunity to identify and map them in various biological environments, without additional labeling. In principle, with sufficiently accurate spectra, peptides (<50 amino acids) or proteins with unusual sequences (e.g., cysteine- or methionine-rich) should be differentiable from other proteins, since the NEXAFS spectrum of each amino acid is distinct. To evaluate the potential for this approach, we have developed X-SpecSim, a tool for quantitatively predicting the C, N, and O 1s NEXAFS spectra of peptides and proteins from their sequences. Here we present the methodology for predicting such spectra, along with tests of its precision using comparisons to the spectra of various proteins and peptides. The C 1s, N 1s, and O 1s spectra of two novel antimicrobial peptides, Indolicidin (ILPWKWPWWPWRR-NH2) and Sub6 (RWWKIWVIRWWR-NH2), as well as human serum albumin and fibrinogen are reported and interpreted. The ability to identify, differentiate, and quantitatively map an antimicrobial peptide against a background of protein is demonstrated by a scanning transmission X-ray microscopy study of a mixture of albumin and sub6.
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Liu X, Jang CH, Zheng F, Jürgensen A, Denlinger JD, Dickson KA, Raines RT, Abbott NL, Himpsel FJ. Characterization of protein immobilization at silver surfaces by near edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:7719-25. [PMID: 16922555 DOI: 10.1021/la060988w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Ribonuclease A (RNase A) is immobilized on silver surfaces in oriented and random form via self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols. The immobilization process is characterized step-by-step using chemically selective near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (NEXAFS) at the C, N, and S K-edges. Causes of imperfect immobilization are pinpointed, such as oxidation and partial desorption of the alkanethiol SAMs and incomplete coverage. The orientation of the protein layer manifests itself in an 18% polarization dependence of the NEXAFS signal from the N 1s to pi* transition of the peptide bond, which is not seen for a random orientation. The S 1s to C-S sigma* transition exhibits an even larger polarization dependence of 41%, which is reduced to 5% for a random orientation. A quantitative model is developed that explains the sign and magnitude of the polarization dependence at both edges. The results demonstrate that NEXAFS is able to characterize surface reactions during the immobilization of proteins and to provide insight into their orientations on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Liu
- Departments of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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12
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Lewis D. Polymer Special Issue Foreword. Aust J Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1071/ch05123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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