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Long-range interaction forces between 1,3,5-cyclohexanetrisamide fibers in crossed-cylinder geometry. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Álvarez-Asencio R, Wallqvist V, Kjellin M, Rutland MW, Camacho A, Nordgren N, Luengo GS. Nanomechanical properties of human skin and introduction of a novel hair indenter. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 54:185-93. [PMID: 26469630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical resistance of the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of skin, to deformation has been evaluated at different length scales using Atomic Force Microscopy. Nanomechanical surface mapping was first conducted using a sharp silicon tip and revealed that Young׳s modulus of the stratum corneum varied over the surface with a mean value of about 0.4GPa. Force indentation measurements showed permanent deformation of the skin surface only at high applied loads (above 4µN). The latter effect was further demonstrated using nanomechanical imaging in which the obtained depth profiles clearly illustrate the effects of increased normal force on the elastic/plastic surface deformation. Force measurements utilizing the single hair fiber probe supported the nanoindentation results of the stratum corneum being highly elastic at the nanoscale, but revealed that the lateral scale of the deformation determines the effective elastic modulus.This result resolves the fact that the reported values in the literature vary greatly and will help to understand the biophysics of the interaction of razor cut hairs that curl back during growth and interact with the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Álvarez-Asencio
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute for Advanced Studies, IMDEA Nanoscience, c/Faraday 9, Campus Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Viveca Wallqvist
- SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SP Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Kjellin
- SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SP Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark W Rutland
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden; SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SP Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Niklas Nordgren
- SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SP Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Nordgren N, Carlsson L, Blomberg H, Carlmark A, Malmström E, Rutland MW. Nanobiocomposite Adhesion: Role of Graft Length and Temperature in a Hybrid Biomimetic Approach. Biomacromolecules 2013; 14:1003-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bm301790b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Nordgren
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Linn Carlsson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Hanna Blomberg
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Anna Carlmark
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Eva Malmström
- Department of Fibre and Polymer
Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm,
Sweden
| | - Mark W. Rutland
- Department of Chemistry,
School
of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- SP Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, SE-114 86
Stockholm, Sweden
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Max E, Häfner W, Wilco Bartels F, Sugiharto A, Wood C, Fery A. A novel AFM based method for force measurements between individual hair strands. Ultramicroscopy 2010; 110:320-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Revised: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pettersson T, Nordgren N, Rutland MW, Feiler A. Comparison of different methods to calibrate torsional spring constant and photodetector for atomic force microscopy friction measurements in air and liquid. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2007; 78:093702. [PMID: 17902950 DOI: 10.1063/1.2779215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A number of atomic force microscopy cantilevers have been exhaustively calibrated by a number of techniques to obtain both normal and frictional force constants to evaluate the relative accuracy of the different methods. These were of either direct or indirect character-the latter relies on cantilever resonant frequencies. The so-called Sader [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 70, 3967 (1999)] and Cleveland [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 64, 403 (1993)] techniques are compared for the normal force constant calibration and while agreement was good, a systematic difference was observed. For the torsional force constants, all the techniques displayed a certain scatter but the agreement was highly encouraging. By far the simplest technique is that of Sader, and it is suggested in view of this validation that this method should be generally adopted. The issue of the photodetector calibration is also addressed since this is necessary to obtain the cantilever twist from which the torsional force is calculated. Here a technique of obtaining the torsional photodetector sensitivity by combining the direct and indirect methods is proposed. Direct calibration measurements were conducted in liquid as well as air, and a conversion factor was obtained showing that quantitative friction measurements in liquid are equally feasible provided the correct calibration is performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torbjörn Pettersson
- Department of Chemistry, Surface Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas Väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Tsarkova L, Zhang X, Hadjichristidis N, Klein J. Friction and Relaxation Dynamics of Highly Extended Polymer Brush Melts under Compression and Shear. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma062503g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Tsarkova
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece; and Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece; and Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece; and Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Jacob Klein
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel; Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece; and Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
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