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Poly(diphenylamine)/polyaniline core/shell composite nanospheres synthesized using a reactive surfactant and their electrorheology. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Nanoparticles Functionalized by Conducting Polymers and Their Electrorheological and Magnetorheological Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010204. [PMID: 31941163 PMCID: PMC7023545 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conducting polymer-coated nanoparticles used in electrorheological (ER) and magnetorheological (MR) fluids are reviewed along with their fabrication methods, morphologies, thermal properties, sedimentation stabilities, dielectric properties, and ER and MR characteristics under applied electric or magnetic fields. After functionalization of the conducting polymers, the nanoparticles exhibited properties suitable for use as ER materials, and materials in which magnetic particles are used as a core could also be applied as MR materials. The conducting polymers covered in this study included polyaniline and its derivatives, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(3-octylthiophene), polypyrrole, and poly(diphenylamine). The modified nanoparticles included polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), silica, titanium dioxide, maghemite, magnetite, and nanoclay. This article reviews many core-shell structured conducting polymer-coated nanoparticles used in ER and MR fluids and is expected to contribute to the understanding and development of ER and MR materials.
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Preparation and morphology characterization of core-shell water-dispersible polystyrene/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) microparticles. Colloid Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-018-4294-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gamot TD, Bhattacharyya AR, Sridhar T, Beach F, Tabor RF, Majumder M. Synthesis and Stability of Water-in-Oil Emulsion Using Partially Reduced Graphene Oxide as a Tailored Surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10311-10321. [PMID: 28872873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) is widely known as an amphiphile having hydrophilic oxygen functionality and unoxidized graphitic patches as the hydrophobic domains. Exploiting this amphiphilicity, GO serves as a surfactant to stabilize oil-water interfaces. While there are numerous reports on GO as a surfactant, most of these reports concern oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, and there are very few on the formation of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. We prepared W/O emulsions using partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO) as a surfactant. The partial reduction introduces a subtle hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), which favors the formation of the W/O emulsion. The morphological features and rheological characteristics of the W/O emulsion with 75:25 water-to-oil ratio were investigated and analyzed in detail. The W/O emulsion was found to have polydispersity with wide range of droplet sizes varying between 2 to 500 μm. Using confocal microscopy, the role of parameters such as extent of reduction, continuous phase volume fraction and the concentration of GO on the stability, microstructure and variation of droplet size distribution of the W/O emulsion were carefully monitored. With prGO concentration as large as 0.05% (w/w), highly concentrated emulsion will form, and are stable up to 20 days from formation; destabilization occurred from sedimentation and subsequent coalescence as the partially reduced GO was limited by its dispersion ability in the oil-phase studied here. Understanding the mechanisms behind the transient stability will enable the development of novel emulsion compositions containing GO as a multifunctional additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanesh D Gamot
- IITB-Monash Research Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Main Gate Road, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Department of Metallurgical engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Main Gate Road, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory (NSEL), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University , Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Arup Ranjan Bhattacharyya
- Department of Metallurgical engineering and Materials Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Main Gate Road, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Tam Sridhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University , Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Fiona Beach
- Orica Mining Services, George Booth Drive , Newcastle, New South Wales 2327, Australia
| | - Rico F Tabor
- School of Chemistry, Monash University , Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Mainak Majumder
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Laboratory (NSEL), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University , Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Marins JA, Soares BG. Ionic liquid-based organically modified silica for the development of new electrorheological fluids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.05.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Electrically conducting polymeric microspheres comprised of sulfonated polystyrene cores coated with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene). Colloid Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-017-4101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ivanov KV, Ivanova OS, Agafonov AV, Kozyukhin SA. The dielectric properties and flow of electrorheological fluids based on polymer-coated nanodispersed barium tetraacetate titanyl particles upon a dynamic shear in electric fields. COLLOID JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x17020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Swelling-diffusion-interfacial polymerized core-shell typed polystyrene/poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene) microspheres and their electro-responsive characteristics. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ozkan S, Unal HI. Enhanced dielectric and electrorheological properties of needle-like TiO 2/polyrhodanine core/shell hybrid nanostructure. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.43240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyma Ozkan
- Smart Materials Research Lab., Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, University of Gazi; Ankara Turkey
| | - Halil Ibrahim Unal
- Smart Materials Research Lab., Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science, University of Gazi; Ankara Turkey
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Core–shell structured poly(methyl methacrylate)-coated zirconium dioxide nanoparticle and its dispersion stability. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Yin Y, Liu C, Wang B, Yu S, Chen K. The synthesis and properties of bifunctional and intelligent Fe3O4@titanium oxide core/shell nanoparticles. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:7233-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32559h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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