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Janssen M, Mebs S, Beckmann J. Kinetically Stabilized Diarylpnictogenium Ions. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200429. [PMID: 36670087 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The newly prepared and fully characterized stibenium and bismuthenium ions [Rind MesE]+ (E=Sb, Bi; Rind =dispiro[fluorene-9,3'-(1',1',7',7'-tetramethyl-s-hydrindacen-4'-yl)-5',9''-fluorene) were rigorously compared to the previously communicated phosphenium and arsenium ions (E=P, As) as well as the bis(m-terphenyl) pnictogenium ions [(2,6-Mes2 C6 H3 )2 E]+ (E=Sb, Bi). It is demonstrated that the choice of the aryl substituents dramatically effects the molecular structures (e. g. the primary E-C bond lengths) and the electronic structures (e. g. the energy of the LUMOs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Janssen
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie, Universität Bremen, Leobener Straße 7, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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2
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Gehlhaar A, Weinert HM, Wölper C, Semleit N, Haberhauer G, Schulz S. Bisstibane-distibane conversion via consecutive single-electron oxidation and reduction reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6682-6685. [PMID: 35587096 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01986h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
peri-Substituted naphthalene complexes (Trip2Pn)2Naph (Pn = Sb 1, Bi 2) were synthesised and their redox behaviour investigated. Oxidation of 1 with [Fc][BArF] (BArF = B(C6F5)4) yielded [(Trip2Sb)(TripSb)Naph][BArF] (3) containing the stibane-coordinated stibenium cation [(Trip2Sb)(TripSb)Naph]+. Subsequent reduction of 3 with KC8 yielded distibane (TripSb)2Naph (4). 1-4 were characterised by NMR (1H, 13C) and IR spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction (sc-XRD), while their electronic structures were analysed by quantum chemical computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gehlhaar
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Hanns Micha Weinert
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Nina Semleit
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Gebhard Haberhauer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany. .,Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (Cenide), University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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3
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Bujak M, Stammler HG, Vishnevskiy YV, Mitzel NW. Very close I⋯As and I⋯Sb interactions in trimethylpnictogen-pentafluoroiodobenzene cocrystals. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01268a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The unusually short, for any experimentally characterized molecular (co)crystal, directional C–I⋯As and C–I⋯Sb halogen bonds have been engineered in the supramolecular reactions of the in situ cocrystallized (CH3)3E (E = As or Sb) with C6F5I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Bujak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Yury V. Vishnevskiy
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert W. Mitzel
- Lehrstuhl für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Fakultät für Chemie, Universität Bielefeld, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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4
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Heteroelement organobismuth compounds in 2010–2020: A review. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Shieh M, Li YH, Lin CH, Sun TY. Low-Valent, Multiply Bonded, Trigonal-Planar Sb Complex: Rational Syntheses, Dual Acidic/Basic Properties, and Unexpected Semiconducting Characteristics. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:16073-16089. [PMID: 33079536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A 4-center, 6π-conjugated, multiply bonded trigonal-planar complex, [Sb{Cr(CO)5}3]- (1), was synthesized via the hydride abstraction of [HSb{Cr(CO)5}3]2- (1-H) with HBF4·H2O, with the release of high yields of H2. The oxidation state of the Sb atom in [Et4N][1] was well-defined as 0, which was evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge structure. The distinct color-structure relationship of this low-valent Sb complex 1 toward a wide range of organic solvents was demonstrated, as interpreted by time-dependent density functional theory calculations, allowing the trigonal-planar 1 and the tetrahedral solvent adducts to be probed, revealing the dual acid/base properties of the Sb center. In addition, 1 showed pronounced electrophilicity toward anionic and neutral nucleophiles, even with solvent molecules, to produce tetrahedral complexes [(Nu)Sb{Cr(CO)5}3]n- [1-Nu; n = 2, Nu = H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH; n = 1, Nu = PEt3, PPh3, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acetonitrile (MeCN)]. On the contrary, the Fe/Cr hydride complex [HSb{Fe(CO)4}{Cr(CO)5}2]2- (2-H) was obtained by treating 1 with [HFe(CO)4]-. Upon hydride abstraction of 2-H with HBF4·H2O or [CPh3][BF4], a multiply bonded Fe/Cr trigonal-planar complex, [Sb{Fe(CO)4}{Cr(CO)5}2]- (2), was produced in which the oxidation coupling Sb2-containing complexes [Sb2Cr4Fe2(CO)28]2- (3-Cr) and [HSb2Cr3Fe2(CO)23]- (3-H) were yielded as final products. Complex 3-Cr exhibited dual Lewis acid/base properties via hydridation and protonation reactions, to form 2-H or 3-H, respectively. Surprisingly, [Et4N][1] possessed a low energy gap of 1.13 eV with an electrical conductivity in the range of (1.10-2.77) × 10-6 S·cm-1, showing that [Et4N][1] was a low-energy-gap semiconductor. The crystal packing, crystal indexing, and density of states results of [Et4N][1] further confirmed the efficient through-space conduction pathway via the intermolecular Sb···O(carbonyl) and O(carbonyl)···O(carbonyl) interactions of the 1D anionic zigzag chain of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghuey Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Huei Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chia-Hsien Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzu-Yen Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), Taipei 116325, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Mokrai R, Barrett J, Apperley DC, Benkő Z, Heift D. Tweaking the Charge Transfer: Bonding Analysis of Bismuth(III) Complexes with a Flexidentate Phosphane Ligand. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:8916-8924. [PMID: 32530279 PMCID: PMC7467670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
To account for the
charge transfer and covalent character in bonding between P and Bi
centers, the electronic structures of [P(C6H4-o-CH2SCH3)3BiCln](3–n)+ (n = 0–3) model species have been investigated
computationally. On the basis of this survey a synthetic target compound
with a dative P→Bi bond has been selected. Consecutively, the
highly reactive bismuth cage [P(C6H4-o-CH2SCH3)3Bi]3+ has been accessed experimentally and characterized. Importantly,
our experiments (single-crystal X-ray diffraction and solid-state
NMR spectroscopy) and computations (NBO and AIM analysis) reveal that
the P···Bi bonding in this trication can be described
as a dative bond. Here we have shown that our accordion-like molecular
framework allows for tuning of the interaction between P and Bi centers. The bonding situation in species with
the general formula of [P(C6H4-o-CH2SCH3)3BiCln](3−n)+ (n = 0−3) has been investigated computationally, and on this
basis a selected example has been accessed synthetically. The structural
and solid-state NMR studies reveal that the weak secondary pnictogen
interaction in P(C6H4-o-CH2SCH3)3BiCl3 can be tuned
into dative bonding by enhancing the charge transfer from the phosphorus
to the bismuth center, which is accompanied by a change in the spin−spin
coupling mechanism between the 31P and 209Bi
nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Mokrai
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jamie Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
| | - David C Apperley
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Zoltán Benkő
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dominikus Heift
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, DH1 3LE Durham, United Kingdom
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7
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Nejman PS, Curzon TE, Bühl M, McKay D, Woollins JD, Ashbrook SE, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Kilian P. Phosphorus–Bismuth Peri-Substituted Acenaphthenes: A Synthetic, Structural, and Computational Study. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:5616-5625. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip S. Nejman
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 ST, U.K
| | - Thomasine E. Curzon
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 ST, U.K
| | - Michael Bühl
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 ST, U.K
| | - David McKay
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 ST, U.K
| | - J. Derek Woollins
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sharon E. Ashbrook
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 ST, U.K
| | - David B. Cordes
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 ST, U.K
| | | | - Petr Kilian
- EaStChem School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 ST, U.K
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Izod K, Evans P, Waddell PG. An Acyclic Arsenium Cation Stabilised by a Single P-As π-Interaction and a Cyclic Diphosphinophosphonium Salt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:11007-11012. [PMID: 31157950 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Stable acyclic arsenium cations R2 As+ , isoelectronic analogues of germylenes, are rare in comparison to the corresponding phosphenium cations. The first example of a diphosphaarsenium salt, [{(Dipp)2 P}2 As][Al{OC(CF3 )3 }4 ]⋅1 1 / 2 PhMe, is described. This salt exhibits remarkable stability due to the delocalisation of a lone pair from a planar phosphorus centre into the vacant p-orbital at arsenic; the bonding in 2 has been probed by DFT calculations. An attempt to synthesise an analogous diphosphaphosphenium salt unexpectedly generated the cyclic phosphonium salt [cyclo-{(Mes)P}2 P(Mes)2 ][BArF 4 ]⋅CyMe through the cyclisation of a putative phosphine-substituted diphosphene cation intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Izod
- Main Group Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Peter Evans
- Main Group Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Paul G Waddell
- Main Group Chemistry Laboratories, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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9
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Izod K, Evans P, Waddell PG. An Acyclic Arsenium Cation Stabilised by a Single P–As π‐Interaction and a Cyclic Diphosphinophosphonium Salt. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Izod
- Main Group Chemistry LaboratoriesSchool of ChemistryBedson BuildingNewcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Peter Evans
- Main Group Chemistry LaboratoriesSchool of ChemistryBedson BuildingNewcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Paul G. Waddell
- Main Group Chemistry LaboratoriesSchool of ChemistryBedson BuildingNewcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
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