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Liu Y, Fu X, Wang Y, Liu J, Liu Y, Li C, Dong J. Exploring Barbronia species diversity and phylogenetic relationship within Suborder Erpobdelliformes (Clitellata: Annelida). PeerJ 2024; 12:e17480. [PMID: 38827288 PMCID: PMC11144392 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Barbronia, a genus of freshwater macrophagous leeches, belongs to Erpobdelliformes (Salifidae: Clitellata: Annelida), and B. weberi, a well-known leech within this genus, has a worldwide distribution. However, the systematics of Barbronia have not yet been adequately investigated, primarily due to a few molecular markers, and only 20 Barbronia sequences available in the GenBank database. This gap significantly limits our understanding of the Barbronia species identification, as well as the phylogenetic placement of the genus Barbronia within Salifidae. Methods Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to simultaneously capture the entire mitochondrial genome and the full-length 18S/28S rDNA sequences. The species boundary of Barbronia species was estimated using bGMYC and bPTP methods, based on all available Barbronia COI sequences. Uncorrected COI p-distance was calculated in MEGA. A molecular data matrix consisting of four loci (COI, 12S, 18S, and 28S rDNA) for outgroups (three Haemopis leeches) and 49 erpobdellid leeches, representing eight genera within the Suborder Erpobdelliformes was aligned using MAFFT and LocARNA. This matrix was used to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationship of Barbronia via Bayesian inference (BI) and the maximum likelihood (ML) method. Results The full lengths of the mitochondrial genome, 18S and 28S rDNAs of B. cf. gwalagwalensis, are 14847 bp, 1876 bp 1876 bp, and 2863 bp, respectively. Both bGMYC and bPTP results based on COI data are generally congruent, suggesting that the previously proposed taxa (B. arcana, B. weberi formosana, and B. wuttkei or Erpobdella wuttkei) are synonyms of B. weberi. The specimens listed in the B. gwalagwalensis group, however, are split into at least two Primary Species Hypotheses (PSHs). The p-distance of the first PSH is less than 1.3% but increased to 4.5% when including the secondary PSH (i.e., B. cf. gwalagwalensis). In comparison, the interspecific p-distance between the B. weberi group and the B. gwalagwalensis group ranged from 6.4% to 8.7%, and the intraspecific p-distance within the B. weberi group is less than 0.8%. Considering the species delimitation results and the sufficient large p-distance, the specimen sampled in China is treated as B. cf. gwalagwalensis. The monophyly of the four Erpobdelliformes families Salifidae, Orobdellidae, Gastrostomobdellidae sensu stricto and Erpobdellidae is well supported in ML and BI analysis based on a data of four markers. Within the Salifidae, a well-supported Barbronia is closely related to a clade containing Odontobdella and Mimobdella, and these three genera are sister to a clade consisted of Salifa and Linta. According to the results of this study, the strategy of simultaneous obtaining both whole mitochondria and nuclear markers from extensively sampled Salifids species using NGS is expected to fathom both the species diversity of B. gwalagwalensis and the evolutionary relationship of Salifidae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingkui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, Research Center for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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Bolotov IN, Eliseeva TA, Tsiplenkina IG, Gofarov MY, Kondakov AV. Long forgotten record of a freshwater leech on Madagascar indicates a host-associated dispersal event from continental Africa. ECOLOGICA MONTENEGRINA 2023. [DOI: 10.37828/em.2023.61.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Madagascar houses a peculiar and largely endemic biota, having ancient Gondwanan affinities. However, the faunal composite of many invertebrate groups on the island is poorly known. For a long time, it was believed that the freshwater leech fauna of Madagascar contains a salifid species (Salifidae) only. Here, we report on a historical record of Placobdelloides multistriatus (Johansson, 1909) (Glossiphoniidae), a widespread African species, from Andrahomana, Southern Madagascar. Franz Sikora (1863-1902), an Austrian traveler and collector, who visited Andrahomana in 1899 to excavate fossils from a cave, collected the leech sample. The two specimens were obtained from an unspecified turtle species. We assume that P. multistriatus may have arrived to Madagascar relatively recently (i.e., in the Late Pleistocene or Holocene) via a long-distance dispersal event from continental Africa with its reptilian hosts such as the Nile crocodile and marsh terrapin. Based on a review of the body of available literature, two more freshwater leech species are known to occur on Madagascar: Linta be Westergren & Siddall, 2004 (Salifidae) and Alboglossiphonia sp. (Glossiphoniidae). Our findings indicate that Madagascar houses at least three freshwater leech species and that some additional taxa may have been overlooked there due to the scarcity of sampling efforts in the island’s freshwater bodies.
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Nakano T, Eto K, Nishikawa K, Hossman MY, Jeratthitikul E. Systematic revision of the Southeast Asian macrophagous leeches, with the description of two new gastrostomobdellid species (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Erpobdelliformes). Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Nakano
- Department of Science Education, Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Koshiro Eto
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human History, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kanto Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mohamad Yazid Hossman
- Fauna Biodiversity Section, Research, Development & Innovation Division, Forest Department Sarawak, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Ekgachai Jeratthitikul
- Animal Systematics and Molecular Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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