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Hu G, Do DN, Manafiazar G, Kelvin AA, Sargolzaei M, Plastow G, Wang Z, Miar Y. Population genomics of American mink using genotype data. Front Genet 2023; 14:1175408. [PMID: 37274788 PMCID: PMC10234291 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1175408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the genetic structure of the target population is critically important to develop an efficient genomic selection program in domestic animals. In this study, 2,973 American mink of six color types from two farms (Canadian Centre for Fur Animal Research (CCFAR), Truro, NS and Millbank Fur Farm (MFF), Rockwood, ON) were genotyped with the Affymetrix Mink 70K panel to compute their linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns, effective population size (Ne), genetic diversity, genetic distances, and population differentiation and structure. The LD pattern represented by average r 2, decreased to <0.2 when the inter-marker interval reached larger than 350 kb and 650 kb for CCFAR and MFF, respectively, and suggested at least 7,700 and 4,200 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) be used to obtain adequate accuracy for genomic selection programs in CCFAR and MFF respectively. The Ne for five generations ago was estimated to be 76 and 91 respectively. Our results from genetic distance and diversity analyses showed that American mink of the various color types had a close genetic relationship and low genetic diversity, with most of the genetic variation occurring within rather than between color types. Three ancestral genetic groups was considered the most appropriate number to delineate the genetic structure of these populations. Black (in both CCFAR and MFF) and pastel color types had their own ancestral clusters, while demi, mahogany, and stardust color types were admixed with the three ancestral genetic groups. This study provided essential information to utilize the first medium-density SNP panel for American mink in their genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Hu
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Duy Ngoc Do
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Ghader Manafiazar
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
| | - Alyson A. Kelvin
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Mehdi Sargolzaei
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Select Sires Inc, Plain City, OH, United States
| | - Graham Plastow
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Livestock Gentec, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Younes Miar
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
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Zhang T, Li H, Larsen PF, Ba H, Shi H, Zhang H, Liu Z. The Genetic Diversity of Mink ( Neovison vison) Populations in China. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091497. [PMID: 37174534 PMCID: PMC10177056 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The American mink (Neovison vison) is a semiaquatic species of Mustelid native to North America that is now widespread in China. However, the knowledge of genetic diversity of mink in China is still limited. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and identified significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in mink populations of five different color types in three different mink farms in China. Using double-digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing, we identified a total of 1.3 million SNPs. After filtering the SNPs, phylogenetic tree, Fst, principal component, and population structure analyses were performed. The results demonstrated that red mink and black mink grouped, with separate clustering of all other color types. The population divergence index (Fst) study confirmed that different mink populations were distinct (K = 4). Two populations with different coat colors were subjected to the selection signature analysis, and 2300 genes were found to have a clear selection signature. The genes with a selection signature were subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) categorization and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, the results revealed that the genes with a selection signature were enriched in the melanogenesis pathway. These study's findings have set the stage for improved breeding and conservation of genetic resources in real-world practical mink farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tietao Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Hu Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
- Colleges of Animal Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Peter Foged Larsen
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Hengxing Ba
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Hongyu Shi
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
- Colleges of Animal Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Colleges of Animal Science, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zongyue Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
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A microbial tale of farming, invasion and conservation: on the gut bacteria of European and American mink in Western Europe. Biol Invasions 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-023-03007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Medina-Vogel G, Muñoz F, Moeggenberg M, Calvo-Mac C, Barros-Lama M, Ulloa N, Pons DJ, Clapperton BK. Improving Trapping Efficiency for Control of American Mink ( Neovison vison) in Patagonia. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:142. [PMID: 35049765 PMCID: PMC8772562 DOI: 10.3390/ani12020142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two main challenges when controlling alien American mink (Neovison vison) in Patagonia are to maximize campaign efficacy and cost-effectiveness and to avoid trapping native species. We designed and tested new variants of collapsible wire box traps, compared the efficacy of a food-based bait and a scent lure and compared catch rates in different seasons of the year. We used the data to model the efficiency rate of the trapping and to determine the trapping effort required to remove 70-90% of the estimated discrete mink population. Between January 2018 and March 2021, we operated 59 trapping transects over 103 three-day trapping periods in southern Chile. Traps were first baited with canned fish, and afterwards with mink anal gland lure. We compared the efficacy of mink capture with that of our previous study. We trapped 196 mink (125 males, 71 females), with most captures in summer. The medium-sized GMV-18 trap caught more male mink, but the more compact GMV-13 caught fewer non-target rodents and no native mammals. The scent lure was more successful than the canned fish when the previous campaign's data were included in the analysis. There was also a significant improvement in the proportion of female mink trapped and reduced labour compared with our previous campaign that used larger traps, fish bait and 400-500 m trap spacings. We caught relatively more females than males after the third night of trapping on a transect. Our data analysis supports the use of the GMV-13 variant of wire cage trap as the best trap size: it is effective on female mink, small, cheap and easy to transport. Combined with mink anal scent lure, it reduces the possibility of trapping native species compared with other traps tested in Chile. As the most efficient method for removing at least 70% of the estimated discrete mink population within the area covered by each trap transect in southern Chile tested to date, we recommend trapping campaigns using GMV-13 during summer, with a 200-m trap spacing, for up to 6 days before moving traps to a new site, with a combination of three days with a female scent gland lure, followed by three days with a male scent gland lure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Medina-Vogel
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 440, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.M.); (C.C.-M.); (M.B.-L.)
| | - Francisco Muñoz
- Instituto de Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Meredith Moeggenberg
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 440, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.M.); (C.C.-M.); (M.B.-L.)
| | - Carlos Calvo-Mac
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 440, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.M.); (C.C.-M.); (M.B.-L.)
| | - Macarena Barros-Lama
- Centro de Investigación para la Sustentabilidad, Facultad Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 440, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.M.); (C.C.-M.); (M.B.-L.)
| | - Nickolas Ulloa
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 340, Santiago 8331150, Chile;
| | - Daniel J. Pons
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad Andrés Bello, República 298, Santiago 8370035, Chile;
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Karimi K, Ngoc Do D, Sargolzaei M, Miar Y. Population Genomics of American Mink Using Whole Genome Sequencing Data. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020258. [PMID: 33670138 PMCID: PMC7916864 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the genetic structure and population history can facilitate the development of genomic breeding strategies for the American mink. In this study, we used the whole genome sequences of 100 mink from the Canadian Centre for Fur Animal Research (CCFAR) at the Dalhousie Faculty of Agriculture (Truro, NS, Canada) and Millbank Fur Farm (Rockwood, ON, Canada) to investigate their population structure, genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the variation among color-types was significant (p < 0.001) and accounted for 18% of the total variation. The admixture analysis revealed that assuming three ancestral populations (K = 3) provided the lowest cross-validation error (0.49). The effective population size (Ne) at five generations ago was estimated to be 99 and 50 for CCFAR and Millbank Fur Farm, respectively. The LD patterns revealed that the average r2 reduced to <0.2 at genomic distances of >20 kb and >100 kb in CCFAR and Millbank Fur Farm suggesting that the density of 120,000 and 24,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) would provide the adequate accuracy of genomic evaluation in these populations, respectively. These results indicated that accounting for admixture is critical for designing the SNP panels for genotype-phenotype association studies of American mink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Karimi
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (K.K.); (D.N.D.)
| | - Duy Ngoc Do
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (K.K.); (D.N.D.)
| | - Mehdi Sargolzaei
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
- Select Sires Inc., Plain City, OH 43064, USA
| | - Younes Miar
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada; (K.K.); (D.N.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Davies C, Wright W, Wedrowicz F, Pacioni C, Hogan FE. Delineating genetic management units of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) in south-eastern Australia, using opportunistic tissue sampling and targeted scat collection. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/wr19235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Davies C, Wright W, Wedrowicz F, Hogan FE. A DNA toolbox for non-invasive genetic studies of sambar deer (Rusa unicolor). AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/am18032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Invasive sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) are having significant detrimental impacts on natural environments in south-eastern Australia. Little, however, is known about their ecology, limiting evidence-based management strategies directed at reducing deer impacts. Genetic data, generated from DNA isolated from deer scats, can be used to fill ecological knowledge gaps. This study outlines a non-invasive genetic sampling strategy by which good-quality DNA from a single deer scat can be used to determine (1) species of origin, (2) sex and (3) a unique DNA profile. DNA from deer tissue and sambar deer scat samples were used to develop and optimise molecular methods to collect reliable genetic information. A DNA toolbox is presented that describes how to find, collect and store scat samples, isolate DNA and use molecular markers to generate informative genetic data. Generating genetic data using this approach will support studies aimed at acquiring ecological knowledge about sambar deer. Such knowledge will be critical for developing evidence-based recommendations to improve on-ground management decisions for sambar deer.
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