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Kobayashi S, Panha S, Seesamut T, Nantarat N, Likhitrakarn N, Denda T, Izawa M. First record of non-flying mammalian contributors to pollination in a tropical montane forest in Asia. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:17604-17608. [PMID: 35003626 PMCID: PMC8717269 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to identify the flower visitors of Mucuna thailandica (Fabaceae), endemic plant species in montane forests in Thailand, to determine their potential pollinators. The genus Mucuna produces papilionaceous flowers and has an explosive flower-opening step. Explosive opening rapidly exposes stamens and pistil from keel petals and releases pollen. The flower of this species depends completely on animals to perform this step, essential for pollination success. Using a camera trap survey, we revealed that non-flying mammals, such as squirrels (Callosciurus sp.) and masked palm civets (Paguma larvata), opened flowers explosively. Thus, these mammals contribute to the pollination of M. thailandica. This is the first report of non-flying mammals contributing to pollination in montane forests in tropical Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Kobayashi
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of the RyukyusNishiharaJapan
| | - Somsak Panha
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
- Academy of ScienceThe Royal Society of ThailandBangkokThailand
| | - Teerapong Seesamut
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Nattawadee Nantarat
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand
| | | | - Tetsuo Denda
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of the RyukyusNishiharaJapan
| | - Masako Izawa
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of the RyukyusNishiharaJapan
- Present address:
Kitakyushu Museum of Natural History and Human HistoryKitakyushuJapan
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Handayani F, Goldingay RL, McHugh D, Leslie N. Extensive range contraction predicted under climate warming for a gliding mammal in north-eastern Australia. AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/am16062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We used MaxEnt to model the current distribution of the yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis) and to predict the likely shift in the species’ future distribution under climate-warming scenarios in the Wet Tropics (WT) Bioregion in north Queensland and in the South-eastern Queensland (SEQld) Bioregion, which encompasses south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales. Bioclimatic layers were used to generate models from 57 independent records in the WT and 428 records in SEQld. The modelled distribution of core habitat under current climate showed a good fit to the data, encompassing 91% and 88% of the records in each area, respectively. Modelling of future warming scenarios suggests that large contractions in distribution could occur in both bioregions. In the WT, 98% of core habitat is predicted to be lost under low warming (1°C increase) and 100% under high warming (2−3°C increase) by 2070. In SEQld, 80% of core habitat is predicted to be lost under low warming and 90% under high warming by 2070. These results suggest that this species is highly vulnerable to climate warming and highlight the importance of focusing conservation efforts at the bioregional scale. There is also a need to identify potential thermal refuges and ensure habitat connectivity.
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Heise-Pavlov SR, Chizinski T, Walker NE. Selection of sap feed trees by yellow-bellied gliders (Petaurus australis) in north-eastern Queensland, Australia – implications for site-specific habitat management. AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/am16035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of site-specific ecological factors affecting a species’ resource selection is essential to assist in habitat management for a species’ conservation, particularly for species with narrow resource width. This study aimed to assess whether microhabitat variables affect the selection of Eucalyptus resinifera sap feed trees by yellow-bellied gliders (Petaurus australis) in north-eastern Australia. Microhabitat variables were measured in a simplified way around glider-selected and -non-selected Eucalyptus resinifera trees. Canopy cover and percentage of burnt trunk below breast height were identified as influential on feed tree selection, with feed trees showing a higher percentage of burnt trunk and a lower surrounding canopy cover. While the direct effect of fire on a potential feed tree remains to be clarified, fire may affect the structural composition of vegetation leading to lower surrounding canopy cover around potential feed trees. Thus, any forest management, such as logging and grazing should be practiced with great caution since they affect structural features of the vegetation that may contribute to the selection of feed trees by this species and may also affect its alternative food resources.
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CABANA F, DIERENFELD ES, Wirdateti, DONATI G, NEKARIS KAI. Exploiting a readily available but hard to digest resource: A review of exudativorous mammals identified thus far and how they cope in captivity. Integr Zool 2018; 13:94-111. [DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis CABANA
- Wildlife Nutrition CentreWildlife Reserves Singapore
- Nocturnal Primate Research GroupOxford Brookes University Oxford UK
| | | | - Wirdateti
- Zoological DivisionIndonesian Institute of Science Cibinong Indonesia
| | - Giuseppe DONATI
- Nocturnal Primate Research GroupOxford Brookes University Oxford UK
| | - K. A. I. NEKARIS
- Nocturnal Primate Research GroupOxford Brookes University Oxford UK
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Goldingay RL. A review of home-range studies on Australian terrestrial vertebrates: adequacy of studies, testing of hypotheses, and relevance to conservation and international studies. AUST J ZOOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1071/zo14060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Describing the spatial requirements of animals is central to understanding their ecology and conservation needs. I reviewed 115 studies describing the home ranges of Australian terrestrial vertebrates that were published during 2001–12. Understanding the features that characterise best practice can guide future studies. I aimed to: evaluate the adequacy of these studies, examine the use of current analysis techniques, examine the application of home-range knowledge to species’ management, and examine hypotheses that seek to explain the size and location of home ranges. The reviewed studies were unevenly distributed across taxa with a majority (68%) involving mammals compared with birds (12%), reptiles (19%) and frogs (1%). Many studies had various shortcomings, suggesting that they had not fully described home ranges; many (41%) involved 10 or fewer individuals, ≤50 locations per individual (44%), and spanned periods of ≤3 months (46%). Studies of short duration risk underestimating home-range area and overlooking seasonal habitat use. Global positioning system telemetry was used in 10% of Australian studies. Many were also of short duration. Despite frequent criticism in the literature, the Minimum Convex Polygon was the most frequently used home-range estimator (84% of studies), followed by the Fixed Kernel (45% of studies). Applying knowledge of home ranges appears to be underappreciated, with only 39% of studies explicitly aiming to address management or conservation issues. Only three studies tested hypotheses that may explain home-range characteristics. Resource (food and shelter) distribution and, in one case, its heterogeneity, shaped home-range characteristics. I found that most studies use the term ‘home range’ in an indiscriminate way. Only 11% of studies within the international literature used qualifying terms (e.g. seasonal, annual). Tracking period is shown to influence home-range estimates. Therefore, I recommend that qualifying terms be used more frequently to avoid confusion when referring to animal home ranges.
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Wallis IR, Goldingay RL. Does a sap feeding marsupial choose trees with specific chemical characteristics? AUSTRAL ECOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Wallis
- Evolution, Ecology and Genetics; Research School of Biology; Australian National University; Canberra 0200 Australia
| | - Ross L Goldingay
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering; Southern Cross University; Lismore New South Wales Australia
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Herrmann EA, Herrin KV, Gleen W, Davies P, Stapley R, Stebbings V, Wiszniewski J, Spindler R, Faichney GJ, Chaves AV. Partial replacement of an artificial nectar diet with native browse for feather-tail gliders (Acrobates pygmaeus) in captivity. Zoo Biol 2013; 32:394-9. [PMID: 23447492 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Captive-bred feather-tail gliders (Acrobates pygmaeus) housed at Taronga Zoo have had a long history of eye cholesterol plaques that may be associated with a largely sugar-based diet such as artificial nectar. The gliders also have prolonged periods of reduced activity when they are not visible in exhibits. This may be due to the ad libitum supply of an energy rich feed and reduced need to forage. This study examined behavioral and physiological changes associated with supplementing the high sugar-based diet with two species of native browse. The experiment was conducted over two consecutive periods of 3 weeks and consisted of two treatment groups: one group was offered the artificial nectar only, while the other group was offered the artificial nectar supplemented with a variety of native flowers. Live weight was recorded weekly. There was no change (P > 0.10) in artificial nectar intake with the supplementation of native browse in the diet. Blood metabolites (cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose) tested for the two groups had no differences (P > 0.10) between treatments. Upon examination, there were no signs of tooth decay or cholesterol plaques in all animals throughout the experiment. Feed intake and behavior were recorded via sensor cameras. There was an increase (P < 0.05) in the daily foraging activity of gliders supplemented with native flowers compared to gliders fed the artificial nectar alone. In conclusion, supplementing to provide a more native diet to A. pygmaeus enhanced their natural foraging behavior, suggesting that it may result in long-term improvements in their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella A Herrmann
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Goldingay RL, Sharpe DJ, Dobson MDJ. Variation in the home-range size of the squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis). AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1071/am10006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The home-range area of animals may vary geographically and in response to habitat quality. We investigated the size of squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) home ranges near Brisbane, Queensland, and at Tea Gardens on the central coast of New South Wales. Habitat at both sites had been partially cleared and had been subjected to grazing for several decades. Twelve gliders were tracked over an average of 3.5 months in Brisbane. The fixed kernel (FK95%) home-range estimate averaged 4.6 ± 0.7 (s.e.) ha while the minimum convex polygon (MCP100%) averaged 6.7 ± 1.5 ha. Six gliders were tracked over 1 month at Tea Gardens. The FK95% home-range estimate averaged 14.8 ± 2.4 ha while the MCP100% averaged 13.3 ± 3.1 ha. The Tea Gardens values are derived from relatively short periods and are likely to underestimate the areas used. This study demonstrates that home-range size can vary substantially in the squirrel glider. This has implications for understanding how this species responds to variation in habitat quality and highlights the need for site-specific studies to inform aspects of management.
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Ball T, Adams E, Goldingay RL. Diet of the squirrel glider in a fragmented landscape near Mackay, central Queensland. AUST J ZOOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1071/zo08095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the diet of the squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) from within a highly fragmented landscape in the northern (tropical) part of its geographic range where information was absent. We analysed 86 faecal samples of 53 gliders from 11 locations and obtained 97 observations of 10 gliders feeding at two locations. Pollen of Eucalyptus/Corymbia was present in 70% and Melaleuca in 20% of faecal samples. Indicators of sap feeding were present in 44% of samples and seeds were present in 14% of samples. Invertebrates, mostly moth larvae, were present in 54% of samples. Observations of gliders feeding revealed that the main food types were invertebrates (36% of observations), nectar and pollen (27% of observations) and sap (26% of observations) of five tree species. Differences in the use of the major food types revealed by the two methods of diet analysis partly reflect site-based differences. Qualitatively, the diet was similar to that described in southern Australia, with confirmation that sap may be important at some locations. Our results reveal the contribution that different tree species make to the diet, which should be used to guide habitat restoration for the squirrel glider in this fragmented landscape.
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Scheibe JS, Paskins KE, Ferdous S, Birdsill D. Kinematics and Functional Morphology of Leaping, Landing, and Branch use inGlaucomys sabrinus. J Mammal 2007. [DOI: 10.1644/06-mamm-s-331r1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Rees M, Paull DJ, Carthew SM. Factors influencing the distribution of the yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis australis) in Victoria, Australia. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.1071/wr06027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study we examine broad-scale factors affecting the distribution of the yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis australis) in the southern Australian state of Victoria. Using the bioclimatic analysis and prediction system, BIOCLIM, and vegetation-suitability mapping, we assessed the potential distribution of the species at the time of European settlement and compared it to the current distribution. BIOCLIM revealed that P. a. australis is most likely to occur in areas with mean annual rainfall >600 mm and mean annual temperature between 6°C and 14.5°C. Much of its current distribution is skewed to the eastern half of the State, and our results emphasise a disjunction between western and eastern Victorian populations that is attributed to unsuitable climate and vegetation for the species. This indicates that P. australis in the west was most likely separated from eastern Victorian P. australis long before European settlement. Our results also indicate that isolated P. australis populations in south-western Victoria represent fragments of what was probably a much more widely distributed population when European settlement took place. Owing to the highly restricted distribution of suitable remnant native vegetation, these westernmost P. australis populations should be a high priority for future research and conservation work.
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Holland GJ, Bennett AF, van der Ree R. Time-budget and feeding behaviour of the squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) in remnant linear habitat. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2007. [DOI: 10.1071/wr06104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The squirrel glider (Petaurus norfolcensis) occurs in forests and woodlands in eastern Australia. In Victoria it is now largely restricted to small, fragmented areas and is considered endangered. In this study, the time-budget, feeding behaviour and related habitat use of the squirrel glider were investigated in a linear remnant of roadside vegetation near Euroa, Victoria. Timed observations of three males and three females, fitted with radio-collars, were made in each of four seasons. Gliders were observed for a total of 53.2 h, during which they devoted 72% of time to foraging activities. Grooming accounted for 16% of observation time. Exudates associated with homopterous insects were the primary food items consumed throughout the year. Arthropods, nectar and pollen, and Acacia gum formed the remainder of the diet. The proportion of time devoted to harvesting these food items showed marked seasonal variation. The primary dependence on homopterous insect exudates in this study area contrasts with other investigations at sites of greater floristic diversity where nectar and pollen were the most important dietary resources. This highlights the need to obtain ecological information from the range of habitats occupied by a species. Large trees are a vital habitat component of remnant linear vegetation in this study area, providing gliders with critical foraging resources. Retention of such trees is essential for the longevity of glider populations.
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Wooller RD, Richardson KC, Bradley GO. Dietary constraints upon reproduction in an obligate pollen- and nectar-feeding marsupial, the honey possum (Tarsipes rostratus). J Zool (1987) 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1999.tb01028.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Eyre TJ, Goldingay RL. Characteristics of sap trees used by yellow-bellied gliders in southern Queensland. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2005. [DOI: 10.1071/wr03075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An extensive survey was conducted to locate sap trees used by the yellow-bellied glider (Petaurus australis) throughout the forests and woodlands of southern Queensland, across an area of 43.7 million hectares. We recorded the characteristics of 478 sap trees located at 109 of 297 sites surveyed. Only 13 tree species were selected by gliders for sap feeding throughout the study region, with the grey gum species Eucalyptus longirostrata and E. biturbinata most likely to be incised for sap. Of the tree species used for sap feeding by gliders, trees >40 cm in diameter at breast height (dbh) were used more than would be expected on the basis of their abundance in the forest. The number of sap trees with active and recently active feed scars at a site ranged from 0 to 12. Factors that appear to influence the abundance of active and recently active sap trees at a site include intensity of disturbance (basal area of cut stumps and dead trees), the number of stems in the 41–60 and 61–80 cm dbh classes, and number of Myrtaceae species. The response to these variables could be indicative of habitat quality, and the availability of alternative foraging substrates such as flower cover and decorticating bark. Intensification of selective logging in south-east Queensland, as an outcome of the Southeast Queensland Regional Forest Agreement, could potentially marginalise glider habitat. This would necessitate the retention of potential, or ‘recruit’, sap trees to maintain yellow-bellied glider habitat in these areas.
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The feeding ecology of the striped possum Dactylopsila trivirgata (Marsupialia: Petauridae) in far north Queensland, Australia. J Zool (1987) 2002. [DOI: 10.1017/s0952836902000808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Foraging behaviour and food availability of the mahogany glider Petaurus gracilis (Petauridae: Marsupialia). J Zool (1987) 2001. [DOI: 10.1017/s0952836901000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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