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Rodrigues PT, Valdivia HO, de Oliveira TC, Alves JMP, Duarte AMRC, Cerutti-Junior C, Buery JC, Brito CFA, de Souza JC, Hirano ZMB, Bueno MG, Catão-Dias JL, Malafronte RS, Ladeia-Andrade S, Mita T, Santamaria AM, Calzada JE, Tantular IS, Kawamoto F, Raijmakers LRJ, Mueller I, Pacheco MA, Escalante AA, Felger I, Ferreira MU. Human migration and the spread of malaria parasites to the New World. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1993. [PMID: 29386521 PMCID: PMC5792595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the mitogenomes of a large global collection of human malaria parasites to explore how and when Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax entered the Americas. We found evidence of a significant contribution of African and South Asian lineages to present-day New World malaria parasites with additional P. vivax lineages appearing to originate from Melanesia that were putatively carried by the Australasian peoples who contributed genes to Native Americans. Importantly, mitochondrial lineages of the P. vivax-like species P. simium are shared by platyrrhine monkeys and humans in the Atlantic Forest ecosystem, but not across the Amazon, which most likely resulted from one or a few recent human-to-monkey transfers. While enslaved Africans were likely the main carriers of P. falciparum mitochondrial lineages into the Americas after the conquest, additional parasites carried by Australasian peoples in pre-Columbian times may have contributed to the extensive diversity of extant local populations of P. vivax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila T Rodrigues
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hugo O Valdivia
- Laboratory of Immunology and Parasite Genomics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6, Bellavista, Callao, Peru
| | - Thais C de Oliveira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo P Alves
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria R C Duarte
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Superintendency for the Control of Endemics (SUCEN), State Secretary of Health, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Julyana C Buery
- Department of Social Medicine, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Cristiana F A Brito
- Laboratory of Malaria, René Rachou Research Center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Júlio César de Souza
- Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau, Blumenau, Brazil
- Center of Biological Research of Indaial, Indaial, Brazil
| | - Zelinda M B Hirano
- Regional University of Blumenau, Blumenau, Blumenau, Brazil
- Center of Biological Research of Indaial, Indaial, Brazil
| | - Marina G Bueno
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Catão-Dias
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosely S Malafronte
- Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Ladeia-Andrade
- Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Toshihiro Mita
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ana Maria Santamaria
- Department of Parasitology, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health, Panama City, Panama
| | - José E Calzada
- Department of Parasitology, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health, Panama City, Panama
| | - Indah S Tantular
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, and Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Fumihiko Kawamoto
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Scientific Research, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Leonie R J Raijmakers
- Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ivo Mueller
- Division of Population Health and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - M Andreina Pacheco
- Department of Biology, Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ananias A Escalante
- Department of Biology, Institute for Genomics and Evolutionary Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ingrid Felger
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Marcelo U Ferreira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil.
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