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Genetic Studies of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Focusing on Asian Patients. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050404. [PMID: 31052430 PMCID: PMC6563043 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not well-understood; however, increased and persistent intestinal inflammation, due to inappropriate immune responses that are caused by interactions between genetic factors, gut microbiota, and environmental factors, are thought to lead to IBD. Various studies have identified more than 240 genetic variants related to IBD. These genetic variants are involved in innate and adaptive immunity, autophagy, defective bacterial handing, interleukin-23 and 10 signaling, and so on. According to several epidemiological and clinical studies, the phenotypes and clinical course of IBD differ between Asians and Europeans. Although the risk loci for IBD typically overlap between Asians and Westerners, genetic heterogeneity has been detected in many loci/genes, such as NOD2/CARD15, TNFSF15 and human leukocyte antigen, contributing to the risk of IBD. Thus, although common pathways exist between Westerners and Asians in the development of IBD, their significance may differ for individual pathways. Although genetic studies are not universally applicable in the clinical field, they may be useful for diagnosing and categorizing IBD, predicting therapeutic responses and toxicity to drugs, and assessing prognosis by risk modeling, thereby enabling precision medicine for individual patients.
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Levin I, Zaretsky M, Aharoni A. Directed evolution of a soluble human DR3 receptor for the inhibition of TL1A induced cytokine secretion. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173460. [PMID: 28278297 PMCID: PMC5344418 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF-like 1A (TL1A) is a cytokine belonging to the TNF superfamily that promotes inflammation in autoimmune diseases. Inhibiting the interaction of TL1A with the endogenous death-domain receptor 3 (DR3) offers a therapeutic approach for treating TL1A-induced autoimmune diseases. Here, we generated improved DR3 variants showing increased TL1A binding affinity and stability using a directed evolution approach. Given the high cysteine content and post-translational modification of DR3, we employed yeast surface display and expression in mammalian cell lines for screening, expression and characterization of improved DR3 variants. A cell-based assay performed with the human TF-1 cell line and CD4+ T cells showed that two improved DR3 mutants efficiently inhibited TL1A-induced cell death and secretion of IFN-γ, respectively. These DR3 mutants can be used as drug candidates for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases and for other autoimmune diseases, including rheumatic arthritis and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Levin
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Marianna Zaretsky
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
| | - Amir Aharoni
- The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev (NIBN), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Diverticulitis and Crohn's disease have distinct but overlapping tumor necrosis superfamily 15 haplotypes. J Surg Res 2017. [PMID: 28624054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diverticulitis (DD) and Crohn's disease (CD) have overlapping features including bowel structuring, inflammation, and infection. Tumor necrosis superfamily 15 (TNFSF15) is an immunoregulatory, anti-angiogenic gene. CD has been previously associated with a haplotype of five TNFSF15 single-nucleotide polymorphism alleles: rs3810936 (G allele), rs6478108 (A), rs6478109 (G), rs7848647 (G), and rs7869487 (A). We aimed to determine the TNFSF15 risk haplotype for DD versus controls with a subgroup analysis of youthful DD patients (aged ≤55 y) versus older controls (aged ≥55 y). METHODS A total of 148 diverticulitis patients (90 aged ≤55 y) and 200 controls (87 aged ≥55 y) were genotyped using our custom-designed Illumina Veracode microarray chip. Genotypes from rs3810936, rs6478108, rs6478109, rs7848647, rs7869487 and two additional TNFSF15 single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs3810936 and rs11554257, were analyzed. PHASE version 2.1, R with HaploStats and the Broad Institute's Haploview program were used for statistics and imputed haplotype frequency. Permutation corrected for multiple comparisons. RESULTS The CD GAGGA haplotype was significantly associated with diverticulitis (P = 0.03) in the all DD versus all controls comparison. A second haplotype, rs6478108 (A), rs6478109 (G), rs7869487 (A), and rs4263839 (G), was also associated with DD in this cohort (P = 0.025). A third haplotype rs6478108 (A), rs6478109 (G), rs7848647 (G) and rs7869487 (A), rs4263839 (G) was demonstrated in the DD < 55 versus controls >55 comparison (P = 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Distinct but overlapping TNFSF15 haplotypes were demonstrated in diverticulitis patients versus healthy controls when compared with the known Crohn's risk haplotype suggesting similar but distinct genetic predispositions. This study strengthens the role for a genetic predisposition to diverticulitis that involves the TNFSF15 gene.
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Fu Z, Chen S, Liu S, Han S, Gao X, Li D, Li D. DcR3 gene polymorphisms are associated with sporadic breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma in Northeast Chinese women. Oncotarget 2016; 7:57970-57977. [PMID: 27517320 PMCID: PMC5295404 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Decoy Receptor 3 (DcR3), also called TNFRSF6β, is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and is a soluble receptor for FasL. DcR3 is overexpressed in cancers and contributes to tumorigenesis through immune suppression and promotion of angiogenesis. We found that DcR3 is overexpressed in breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) cells as compared with normal controls. We also conducted a case-control study analyzing associations of DcR3 polymorphisms with breast IDC risk. Subjects included 531 females with breast IDC and 592 age-matched healthy controls. Four DcR3 single nucleotide polymorphism loci with minor frequencies of more than 5% (rs3208008, rs41309931, rs2297441 and rs1291207) were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing. Our results revealed significant differences in rs41309931genotypes and alleles (P < 0.01). Based on Haploview software analysis, the haplotype block Ars3208008 Grs41309931 Grs2297441 Ars1291207 exhibited the highest frequency, but, haplotype blocks Ars3208008 Trs41309931 Grs2297441 Ars1291207 and Crs3208008 Grs41309931 Grs2297441 Ars1291207 were associated with breast IDC risk. This study also detected associations between DcR3 gene polymorphisms and the clinicopathological features of breast IDC, including lymph node metastasis and C-erbB2, P53, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor status. These data indicate that DcR3 gene polymorphisms are associated with sporadic breast IDC risk in Northeast Chinese females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenkun Fu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, 150081 Harbin, China.,Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Shengwei Liu
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Shaoli Han
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Dalin Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 150081 Harbin, China
| | - Dianjun Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Infection and Immunity, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, 150081 Harbin, China.,Department of Immunology, Harbin Medical University and Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Science, 150081 Harbin, China
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Ozçimen AA, Unal S, Canacankatan N, Antmen SE. Tumor necrosis factor-superfamily 15 gene expression in patients with sickle cell disease. Turk J Haematol 2015; 31:255-60. [PMID: 25330517 PMCID: PMC4287025 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2012.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between tumor necrosis factor-superfamily 15 (TNFSF15) gene expression and clinical findings in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). Materials and Methods: Forty-nine patients with SCD and 38 healthy controls were included in this study. TNFSF15 gene expression and plasma levels were analyzed. TNFSF15 gene expression was compared in subgroups considering the frequency of painful crises and acute chest syndrome (ACS). Results: It was found that TNFSF15 gene expression was significantly higher in patients with SCD than the controls (p=0.001), whereas there was no significant difference between the patients with SCD and the control groups considering plasma levels of TNFSF15. TNFSF15 gene expression was also significantly higher in SCD patients with ACS (p=0.008). Conclusion: These findings suggest that TNFSF15 may have a role in the pathogenesis of SCD presenting with ACS. Further studies on larger groups are needed to determine the function of TNFSF15 in SCD patients with ACS and pulmonary hypertension. Analysis of TNFSF15 expression may also serve as a promising approach in ACS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Ata Ozçimen
- Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology, Mersin, Turkey. E-ma-il:
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Liu W, Zhan C, Cheng H, Kumar PR, Bonanno JB, Nathenson SG, Almo SC. Mechanistic basis for functional promiscuity in the TNF and TNF receptor superfamilies: structure of the LIGHT:DcR3 assembly. Structure 2014; 22:1252-1262. [PMID: 25087510 PMCID: PMC4163024 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2014.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
LIGHT initiates intracellular signaling via engagement of the two TNF receptors, HVEM and LTβR. In humans, LIGHT is neutralized by DcR3, a unique soluble member of the TNFR superfamily, which tightly binds LIGHT and inhibits its interactions with HVEM and LTβR. DcR3 also neutralizes two other TNF ligands, FasL and TL1A. Due to its ability to neutralize three distinct different ligands, DcR3 contributes to a wide range of biological and pathological processes, including cancer and autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanisms that support the broad specificity of DcR3 remain to be fully defined. We report the structures of LIGHT and the LIGHT:DcR3 complex, which reveal the structural basis for the DcR3-mediated neutralization of LIGHT and afford insights into DcR3 function and binding promiscuity. Based on these structures, we designed LIGHT mutants with altered affinities for DcR3 and HVEM, which may represent mechanistically informative probe reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Chenyang Zhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Huiyong Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - P Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Bonanno
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Stanley G Nathenson
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Steven C Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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The TNFSF15 gene single nucleotide polymorphism rs7848647 is associated with surgical diverticulitis. Ann Surg 2014; 259:1132-7. [PMID: 24814505 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TFNSF15 gene play a role in patients requiring surgery for diverticulitis. BACKGROUND A role for a genetic predisposition in diverticulitis is suggested by its association with hereditary connective tissue disorders, youthful onset in some patients, and the observation of families with multiple affected individuals. The TNFSF15 gene has been associated with other inflammatory diseases affecting the colon such as medically refractory ulcerative colitis (UC), aggressive Crohn's disease (CD), and pouchitis after restorative proctocolectomy. METHODS In the discovery phase of this study, 21 sporadic surgical diverticulitis (SD) patients (9 female, mean age = 52 ± 5) and 5 individuals from a single family with surgically managed diverticulitis [familial diverticulitis (FD), 4 female, mean age = 51.1 ± 7] were studied. SD patients were age and sex matched with 3 separate groups of healthy, CD and UC control patients. All patients were genotyped for 5 known TNFSF15-associated SNPs. The SNP discovered to be associated with diverticulitis (rs7848647) was then confirmed in a separate test group composed of 34 additional patients (20 female, mean age 57.7 ± 2) who also underwent surgical treatment for diverticulitis. These patients were age matched to a new control cohort of patients having no history of diverticulitis (26 female). Patients were genotyped using a TaqMan assay. In the discovery phase, logistical regression on matched subjects was performed to determine an association of TNFSF SNP with diverticulitis versus the control groups. In the test phase, significance for the rs7848647 SNP was assessed by the Fischer's exact test. RESULTS In the discovery phase, the TNFSF15 SNP rs7848647 was significantly associated with SD (p = 0.0003) versus all control groups studied. The risk allele for this SNP (G substituted for A) was found in all SD patients. The homozygous GG allele was found in 62% (13/21) of SD patients versus only 5% (1/21) of healthy controls (p = 0.001) and 24% (10/42) of all UC + CD controls (p = 0.002). All 5 members of the FD cohort were homozygous for the at-risk "G" allele. In the test group, the homozygous GG genotype was found in 56% of SD patients compared with 17% of healthy controls (p = 0.006). Risk of SD seemed to increase with number of the G alleles with 8% of SD patients having AA homozygosity, 35% of SD patients having AG heterozygosity, and 56% of SD patients having GG homozygosity. CONCLUSIONS The SNP rs7848647 associated with the TNFSF15 gene is associated with surgical diverticulitis. This finding suggests a fundamental role for TNFSF15, a T-cell receptor gene involved in T-cell maturation, in the pathophysiology of diverticulitis requiring surgery. This SNP may be a marker of diverticular disease severity that might assist in surgical decision making.
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Zhang E, Zhu X, Han S, Peng Z, Wang W, Li J, Yang Y. Increased expression of TNF ligand-related molecule 1A and death receptor 3 in bladder tissues of patients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis. Exp Ther Med 2012; 5:282-286. [PMID: 23251284 PMCID: PMC3523960 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily have been revealed to be associated with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis (PBS/IC). TNF ligand-related molecule 1A (TL1A) and its receptor, death receptor 3 (DR3), belong to the TNF superfamily and have been implicated in chronic inflammatory diseases. Bladder biopsies from 8 female patients clinically diagnosed with PBS/IC according to the National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases criteria and 8 female bladder carcinoma control patients were investigated to test the protein and mRNA expression levels of TL1A and DR3 using western blotting and real-time RT-PCR. The protein level ratio of TL1A to β-actin (IC, 0.65±0.03 vs. controls, 0.25±0.02, P<0.001) and of its receptor DR3 to β-actin (IC, 0.66±0.06 vs. controls, 0.27±0.02, P<0.001) were observed to be significantly higher in the patients with IC. The real-time RT-PCR ΔCts of TL1A minus GAPDH (IC, 7.60±0.52 vs. controls, 10.08±0.32, P<0.001) and the DR3 minus GAPDH (IC, 6.68±0.60 vs. controls, 8.99±0.61, P=0.017) were observed to be significantly lower in the patients with IC, suggesting that the mRNA levels of TL1A and DR3 were higher in the PBS/IC patients. The protein and mRNA expression of TL1A and DR3 are upregulated in the bladder tissues of PBS/IC patients and may be involved in inflammation and apoptosis in PBS/IC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020
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TNFSF15 Modulates Neovascularization and Inflammation. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2012; 5:237-47. [PMID: 22833050 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-012-0117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor superfamily-15 (TNFSF15; also known as VEGI or TL1A) is a unique cytokine that functions in the modulation of vascular homeostasis and inflammation. TNFSF15 is expressed abundantly in established vasculature but is down-regulated at sites of neovascularization such as in cancers and wounds. TNFSF15 inhibits endothelial cell proliferation and endothelial progenitor cell differentiation. Additionally, TNFSF15 stimulates T cell activation, Th1 cytokine production, and dendritic cell maturation. Some of the functions of TNFSF15 are mediated by death receptor-3. We review the experimental evidences on TNFSF15 activities in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, inflammation, and immune system mobilization.
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Zhan C, Patskovsky Y, Yan Q, Li Z, Ramagopal U, Cheng H, Brenowitz M, Hui X, Nathenson SG, Almo SC. Decoy strategies: the structure of TL1A:DcR3 complex. Structure 2011; 19:162-71. [PMID: 21300286 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Decoy Receptor 3 (DcR3), a secreted member of the Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, neutralizes three different TNF ligands: FasL, LIGHT, and TL1A. Each of these ligands engages unique signaling receptors which direct distinct and critical immune responses. We report the crystal structures of the unliganded DcR3 ectodomain and its complex with TL1A, as well as complementary mutagenesis and biochemical studies. These analyses demonstrate that DcR3 interacts with invariant backbone and side-chain atoms in the membrane-proximal half of TL1A which supports recognition of its three distinct TNF ligands. Additional features serve as antideterminants that preclude interaction with other members of the TNF superfamily. This mode of interaction is unique among characterized TNF:TNFR family members and provides a mechanistic basis for the broadened specificity required to support the decoy function of DcR3, as well as for the rational manipulation of specificity and affinity of DcR3 and its ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
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Zhou J, Yang Z, Tsuji T, Gong J, Xie J, Chen C, Li W, Amar S, Luo Z. LITAF and TNFSF15, two downstream targets of AMPK, exert inhibitory effects on tumor growth. Oncogene 2011; 30:1892-900. [PMID: 21217782 PMCID: PMC3431012 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α factor (LITAF) is a multiple functional molecule whose sequence is identical to the small integral membrane protein of the lysosome/late endosome. LITAF was initially identified as a transcription factor that activates transcription of proinflammatory cytokine in macrophages in response to LPS. Mutations of the LITAF gene are associated with a genetic disease, called Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome. Recently, we have reported that mRNA levels of LITAF and TNF superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15) are upregulated by 5' adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK). The present study further assesses their biological functions. Thus, we show that 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAR), a pharmacological activator of AMPK, increases the abundance of LITAF and TNFSF15 in LNCaP and C4-2 prostate cancer cells, which is abrogated by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) or the dominant-negative mutant of AMPK α1 subunit. Our data further demonstrate that AMPK activation upregulates the transcription of LITAF. Intriguingly, silencing LITAF by shRNA enhances proliferation, anchorage-independent growth of these cancer cells and tumor growth in the xenograft model. In addition, our study reveals that LITAF mediates the effect of AMPK by binding to a specific sequence in the promoter region. Furthermore, we show that TNFSF15 remarkably inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells and bovine aortic endothelial cells in vitro, with a more potent effect toward the latter. In conjuncture, intratumoral injection of TNFSF15 significantly reduces the size of tumors and number of blood vessels and induces changes that are characteristic of tumor cell differentiation. Therefore, our studies for the first time establish the regulatory axis of AMPK-LITAF-TNFSF15 and also suggest that LITAF may function as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Zhan C, Yan Q, Patskovsky Y, Li Z, Toro R, Meyer A, Cheng H, Brenowitz M, Nathenson SG, Almo SC. Biochemical and structural characterization of the human TL1A ectodomain. Biochemistry 2009; 48:7636-45. [PMID: 19522538 DOI: 10.1021/bi900031w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
TNF-like 1A (TL1A) is a newly described member of the TNF superfamily that is directly implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. We report the crystal structure of the human TL1A extracellular domain at a resolution of 2.5 A, which reveals a jelly-roll fold typical of the TNF superfamily. This structural information, in combination with complementary mutagenesis and biochemical characterization, provides insights into the binding interface and the specificity of the interactions between TL1A and the DcR3 and DR3 receptors. These studies suggest that the mode of interaction between TL1A and DcR3 differs from other characterized TNF ligand/receptor complexes. In addition, we have generated functional TL1A mutants with altered disulfide bonding capability that exhibit enhanced solution properties, which will facilitate the production of materials for future cell-based and whole animal studies. In summary, these studies provide insights into the structure and function of TL1A and provide the basis for the rational manipulation of its interactions with cognate receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
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Zinovieva E, Bourgain C, Kadi A, Letourneur F, Izac B, Said-Nahal R, Lebrun N, Cagnard N, Vigier A, Jacques S, Miceli-Richard C, Garchon HJ, Heath S, Charon C, Bacq D, Boland A, Zelenika D, Chiocchia G, Breban M. Comprehensive linkage and association analyses identify haplotype, near to the TNFSF15 gene, significantly associated with spondyloarthritis. PLoS Genet 2009; 5:e1000528. [PMID: 19543369 PMCID: PMC2689651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with a strong genetic predisposition dominated by the role of HLA-B27. However, the contribution of other genes to the disease susceptibility has been clearly demonstrated. We previously reported significant evidence of linkage of SpA to chromosome 9q31–34. The current study aimed to characterize this locus, named SPA2. First, we performed a fine linkage mapping of SPA2 (24 cM) with 28 microsatellite markers in 149 multiplex families, which allowed us to reduce the area of investigation to an 18 cM (13 Mb) locus delimited by the markers D9S279 and D9S112. Second, we constructed a linkage disequilibrium (LD) map of this region with 1,536 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 136 families (263 patients). The association was assessed using a transmission disequilibrium test. One tag SNP, rs4979459, yielded a significant P-value (4.9×10−5). Third, we performed an extension association study with rs4979459 and 30 surrounding SNPs in LD with it, in 287 families (668 patients), and in a sample of 139 cases and 163 controls. Strong association was observed in both familial and case/control datasets for several SNPs. In the replication study, carried with 8 SNPs in an independent sample of 232 cases and 149 controls, one SNP, rs6478105, yielded a nominal P-value<3×10−2. Pooled case/control study (371 cases and 312 controls) as well as combined analysis of extension and replication data showed very significant association (P<5×10−4) for 6 of the 8 latter markers (rs7849556, rs10817669, rs10759734, rs6478105, rs10982396, and rs10733612). Finally, haplotype association investigations identified a strongly associated haplotype (P<8.8×10−5) consisting of these 6 SNPs and located in the direct vicinity of the TNFSF15 gene. In conclusion, we have identified within the SPA2 locus a haplotype strongly associated with predisposition to SpA which is located near to TNFSF15, one of the major candidate genes in this region. Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a common variety of articular inflammatory disorder characterized by axial and/or peripheral arthritis, frequently associated with extra-articular manifestations such as psoriasis, uveitis, and inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease (CD)). SpA is a complex disorder with high heritability. The MHC class I HLA-B27 allele is a very strong risk factor for its development, but other genetic factors located outside the MHC also play a role in disease susceptibility. By a previous whole-genome linkage investigation, we have demonstrated that a region located on the chromosome 9q31–34 was involved in SpA susceptibility. The present study aimed to further characterize this locus. Using a stepwise linkage and association approach, we identified a haplotype spanning 6 single-nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with SpA and located in a genomic region paralogous to the MHC, near to the TNFSF15 gene. Interestingly, polymorphisms of this gene have previously been shown to be associated with CD. This original finding offers a new research track for the understanding of SpA pathophysiology, which is still poorly understood, as well as new hope for diagnostic and therapeutic innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zinovieva
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Bourgain
- INSERM U535, Université Paris Sud – Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
| | - Amir Kadi
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
| | - Franck Letourneur
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Izac
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
| | - Roula Said-Nahal
- Rheumatology Division, Ambroise Paré Hospital (AP-HP), and Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Nicolas Lebrun
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Cagnard
- Bioinformatics Platform, Faculty of Medicine Paris Descartes, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Agathe Vigier
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Jacques
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
| | | | - Henri-Jean Garchon
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
| | - Simon Heath
- National Genotyping Center (CNG), Evry, France
| | | | | | - Anne Boland
- National Genotyping Center (CNG), Evry, France
| | | | - Gilles Chiocchia
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
- Rheumatology Division, Ambroise Paré Hospital (AP-HP), and Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Maxime Breban
- Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS (UMR 8104), Paris, France
- INSERM U567, Paris, France
- Rheumatology Division, Ambroise Paré Hospital (AP-HP), and Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines University, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- * E-mail:
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14
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Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Yang X, Lv Z. Lupeol, a dietary triterpene, inhibited growth, and induced apoptosis through down-regulation of DR3 in SMMC7721 cells. Cancer Invest 2009; 27:163-70. [PMID: 19235588 DOI: 10.1080/07357900802210745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lupeol (Lup-20(29)-en-3H-ol), a novel dietary triterpene, was found in fruits, vegetables, and several medicinal plants. Here, we investigated its growth-inhibitory effect and associated mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC7721 cells. Lupeol treatment resulted in significant inhibition of cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and caused apoptotic death of this cell line with activation of caspase3 expression. Caspase8 inhibitor pretreatment was found to partially block the apoptosis induced by Lupeol. Moreover, Lupeol specifically caused a significant decrease in the expression of Death receptor 3 (DR3) mRNA and protein and a significant elevated expression of FADD mRNA whereas Fas mRNA and protein expression was not detectable. Further more, knockdown of DR3 by small interfering RNA inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cell. These results suggested that Lupeol treatment induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in SMMC7721 cells, the mechanism is due to down-regulation of DR3 expression. We demonstrated that Lupeol appears to be a promising chemopreventive agent for treating hepatocellular carcinoma, and DR3 may be an important target for liver cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Gansu Province, China
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15
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Therapeutic Potential of VEGI/TL1A in Autoimmunity and Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 647:207-15. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-89520-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Al-Lamki RS, Wang J, Tolkovsky AM, Bradley JA, Griffin JL, Thiru S, Wang ECY, Bolton E, Min W, Moore P, Pober JS, Bradley JR. TL1A both promotes and protects from renal inflammation and injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19:953-60. [PMID: 18287561 PMCID: PMC2386725 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2007060706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Death receptor 3 (DR3), a member of the TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamily, is induced in human renal tubular epithelial cells (TEC) in response to injury. This study examined the expression and actions of TL1A, the principal ligand for DR3. In histologically normal tissue from biopsy or nephrectomy specimens of renal allografts, TL1A mRNA and protein were expressed in vascular endothelial cells but not in TEC. In specimens of acute or antibody-mediated allograft rejection, vascular endothelial cells and infiltrating leukocytes expressed increased TL1A mRNA and protein, but TEC expressed TL1A protein without mRNA, consistent with uptake of exogenous ligand. Addition of TL1A to organ cultures of human or mouse kidney caused activation of NF-kappaB, expression of TNFR2, activation of caspase-3, and apoptosis in TEC. Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation increased TL1A-mediated caspase-3 activation and apoptosis of TEC, but it did not reduce the induction of TNFR2. In organ culture of DR3-deficient mouse kidneys, addition of TL1A induced TNFR2 but did not activate NF-kappaB and did not increase apoptosis of TEC. These data suggest that TL1A may contribute to renal inflammation and injury through DR3-mediated activation of NF-kappaB and caspase-3, respectively, but that an unidentified receptor may mediate the NF-kappaB-independent induction of TNFR2 in TEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafia S Al-Lamki
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.
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17
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a clinically and, likely, genetically heterogeneous group of disorders. A recent report suggests that genetic variations in the TNFSF15 gene contribute to the susceptibility of IBD in both Japanese and Caucasian populations. The aim was to confirm the association between TNFSF15 high- and low-risk haplotypes and IBD in a Caucasian population. METHODS Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that comprise the 2 common haplotypes were genotyped in 599 Caucasian patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 382 Caucasian patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 230 ethnically matched healthy controls, including both Jews and non-Jews. RESULTS The previously reported 'risk' haplotype was not associated with CD or UC (88.2% in CD cases versus 88.3% in controls, P = 0.96; 88.1% in UC cases versus 88.3% in controls, P = 0.78). We did, however, observe an increased frequency of the "protective" haplotype in non-Jewish controls for both CD and UC (38.8% CD cases versus 50% controls, P = 0.01; 37.3% UC cases versus 50% controls, P = 0.01) with no such effect observed in the Jewish samples. There was an interactive effect between ethnicity and the protective haplotype in CD (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS We observed a protective haplotype, consisting of the minor alleles for all 5 markers, to have a higher frequency in the non-Jewish controls than in CD and UC. Of further interest, the haplotype frequency was in the opposite direction in our Jewish case-control panels (both CD and UC), leading us to conclude 1) that TNFSF15 is indeed an IBD susceptibility gene, and 2) the disease susceptibility is ethnic-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoana Picornell
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Ling Mei
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Kent Taylor
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Huiying Yang
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Stephan R. Targan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA 90048
| | - Jerome I. Rotter
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048
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18
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Jin T, Guo F, Kim S, Howard A, Zhang YZ. X-ray crystal structure of TNF ligand family member TL1A at 2.1A. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 364:1-6. [PMID: 17935696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Accepted: 09/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The TNF family has been one of the most intensively studied protein families in the past two decades and it has rapidly expanded through the era of genomics and bioinformatics. However, the structural basis of the functional and interactional similarities and differences of this family is poorly understood. TL1A is a recently identified TNF family member that has received increasing attention. Here, the crystal structure of human TL1A is reported. TL1A forms a homotrimer with each monomer assuming a jellyroll beta-sandwich fold. The CD loop in TL1A is the longest among the TNF ligand members with known structure and the AA' loop in TL1A is the second longest after that in TRAIL, where part of it is disordered. Both these loops are known to participate in receptor binding in TNFbeta/LTalpha. The AA' loop may be very different in other TL1A variants if the overall fold is to be preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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19
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Prehn JL, Thomas LS, Landers CJ, Yu QT, Michelsen KS, Targan SR. The T cell costimulator TL1A is induced by FcgammaR signaling in human monocytes and dendritic cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 178:4033-8. [PMID: 17371957 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.7.4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The recently described TL1A/DR3 ligand/receptor pair mediates strong costimulation of Th1 cells. Activation of T and NK cells induces DR3 expression, permitting soluble recombinant TL1A to increase IFN-gamma production and proliferation of these cells. Gut T cells and macrophages express TL1A, especially in Crohn's disease (CD), and there is a strong association between CD and tl1a single nucleotide polymorphisms. Murine studies implicate TL1A in gut inflammation. To determine whether professional T cell-activating cells can express TL1A, fresh blood monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells were stimulated with various activating ligands, including TLR agonists, IFN-gamma, and immune complexes. FcgammaR stimulation strongly induced TL1A mRNA in both cell types, which correlated with the detection of TL1A on the cell surface and in cell culture medium. TLR agonists capable of inducing IL-6 and TNF-alpha in monocytes and dendritic cells did not induce surface nor soluble TL1A. Furthermore, we demonstrate that TL1A production in monocytes leads to enhancement of T cell responses. The induction of TL1A on APCs via specific pathway stimulation suggests a role for TL1A in Th1 responses to pathogens, and in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Prehn
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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