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Zhang Y, Mafuné F. Hydrogen Storage Capacity of Single-Nb-Atom-Doped Al Clusters in the Gas Phase Revealed by Thermal Desorption Spectrometry. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:5734-5739. [PMID: 37318448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen is a promising energy resource as a substitute for fossil fuels, and metal alloy hydrides are considered to be good candidates as hydrogen storage materials. In the hydrogen storage processes, hydrogen desorption is as important as hydrogen adsorption. In order to understand the hydrogen desorption features of those clusters, here, single-Nb-atom-doped Al clusters were prepared in the gas phase and their reaction with hydrogen was investigated using thermal desorption spectrometry (TDS). On average, six to eight H atoms were adsorbed in AlnNb+ (n = 4-18) clusters, and most H atoms were released upon heating of the clusters to 800 K. Two types of desorption features of AlnNb+ clusters were found, which related to the flexibility of the clusters. This study demonstrated the potential of Nb-doped Al alloy as an efficient hydrogen storage material with high storage capacity, thermal stability at room temperature, and hydrogen desorption ability upon moderate heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhang
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Mafuné
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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2
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Zhang L, Ma X, Guo X, Wang N, Huang S. Probing the Geometric and Electronic Effects of Aluminum–Magnesium Clusters on Reactivity Toward Oxygen. J CLUST SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01803-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Geng L, Weng M, Xu CQ, Zhang H, Cui C, Wu H, Chen X, Hu M, Lin H, Sun ZD, Wang X, Hu HS, Li J, Zheng J, Luo Z, Pan F, Yao J. Co13O8—metalloxocubes: a new class of perovskite-like neutral clusters with cubic aromaticity. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 8:nwaa201. [PMID: 34691557 PMCID: PMC8528261 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring stable clusters to understand structural evolution from atoms to macroscopic matter and to construct new materials is interesting yet challenging in chemistry. Utilizing our newly developed deep-ultraviolet laser ionization mass spectrometry technique, here we observe the reactions of neutral cobalt clusters with oxygen and find a very stable cluster species of Co13O8 that dominates the mass distribution in the presence of a large flow rate of oxygen gas. The results of global-minimum structural search reveal a unique cubic structure and distinctive stability of the neutral Co13O8 cluster that forms a new class of metal oxides that we named as ‘metalloxocubes’. Thermodynamics and kinetics calculations illustrate the structural evolution from icosahedral Co13 to the metalloxocube Co13O8 with decreased energy, enhanced stability and aromaticity. This class of neutral oxygen-passivated metal clusters may be an ideal candidate for genetic materials because of the cubic nature of the building blocks and the stability due to cubic aromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Geng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Mouyi Weng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Cong-Qiao Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chaonan Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haiming Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Mingyu Hu
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hai Lin
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Sun
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
- School of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Kashi University, Kashgar 844006, China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Han-Shi Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhixun Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Joshi M, Ghanty TK. Lanthanide and actinide doped B 12H 122- and Al 12H 122- clusters: new magnetic superatoms with f-block elements. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:23720-23732. [PMID: 31633129 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04333k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, actinide containing clusters have attracted immense attention because of the distinctive bonding properties of their 5f and 6d electrons. In this context, in the present work, we have studied the isoelectronic series of actinide (An = Np+, Pu2+, Am3+) doped B12H122- and Al12H122- clusters using density functional theory (DFT). Similarly, corresponding isoelectronic lanthanide (Ln = Pm+, Sm2+, Eu3+) doped clusters are also investigated using DFT for comparison. Both exohedral and endohedral metal doped Al12H122- clusters are investigated in various possible spin states, whereas for B12H122- only exohedral metal doped clusters are studied due to its smaller cage diameter. Among all the metal doped clusters, the exohedral metal doped B12H122- and Al12H122- clusters in a septet spin state with retained high spin population on the doped actinide ion, are the most stable, indicating that all these doped clusters are magnetic in nature. The high stability of exohedral clusters is due to small steric repulsion as compared to that in the corresponding endohedral clusters. A prominent charge transfer from cage to metal ion is responsible for the strong interaction of the doped metal ion with the cage atoms. The studied Ln@B12H122- (Ln@Al12H122-) and An@B12H122- (An@Al12H122-) clusters are not only thermodynamically stable, but also kinetically stable. Metal ion encapsulated endohedral Al12H122- clusters are found to satisfy the 32-electron principle corresponding to the completely filled s, p, d and f shells of the central f-block atom. Theoretical predictions of these lanthanide and actinide doped stable B12H122- and Al12H122- clusters could encourage experimentalists for the preparation of these metal-doped clusters. Thus, the present work offers borane and alane clusters as new hosts for encapsulating radioactive actinides. Furthermore, various functional derivatives of these actinide doped B12H122- clusters may find applications in the field of radiation medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Joshi
- Theoretical Chemistry Section, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Armstrong A, Reber AC, Khanna SN. Multiple-Valence Aluminum and the Electronic and Geometric Structure of Al nO m Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5114-5121. [PMID: 31146532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b01729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electronic stability in aluminum clusters is typically associated with either closed electronic shells of delocalized electrons or a +3 oxidation state of aluminum. To investigate whether there are alternative routes toward electronic stability in aluminum oxide clusters, we used theoretical methods to examine the geometric and electronic structure of Al nO m (2 ≤ n ≤ 7; 1 ≤ m ≤ 10) clusters. Electronically stable clusters with large HOMO-LUMO (highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) gaps were identified and could be grouped into two categories. (1) Al2 nO3 n clusters with a +3 oxidation state on the aluminum and (2) planar clusters including Al4O4, Al5O3, Al6O5, and Al6O6. The structures of the planar clusters have external Al atoms bound to a single O atom. Their electronic stability is explained by the multiple-valence Al sites, with the internal Al atoms having an oxidation state of +3, whereas the external Al atoms have an oxidation state of +1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Armstrong
- Department of Physics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23284 , United States
| | - Arthur C Reber
- Department of Physics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23284 , United States
| | - Shiv N Khanna
- Department of Physics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , Virginia 23284 , United States
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7
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Charkin O, Klimenko N, Charkin D. DFT modeling of successive hydrogenated subnano-size aluminum clusters. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Charkin OP. Theoretical Modeling of the Structure and Stability of Complexes of the Icosahedral Al−13 Ion with Borane and Alane Molecules. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023619050048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Giraldo C, Ferraro F, Hadad CZ, García-Beltrán O, Osorio E. Structural, thermodynamic and kinetic factors in the desorption/absorption of a hydrogen molecule in the M 3AlH 10−xNa (M = Be or Mg; x = 0 or 2) hydrides. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02326g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the context of the design and study of new materials for hydrogen storage, the thermodynamic and kinetic-mechanistic factors for the desorption/absorption of a hydrogen molecule in the M3AlH10−xNa (M = Be or Mg; x = 0 or 2) hydrides are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Franklin Ferraro
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas
- Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
- SISCO
- Medellín
- Colombia
| | - C. Z. Hadad
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Medellín
- Colombia
| | | | - Edison Osorio
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas
- Universidad de Ibagué
- Ibagué
- Colombia
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10
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Xiao Y, Lei H, Yang B, Wang G, Wang Q, Jin W. Nucleation and growth for magnesia inclusion in Fe-O-Mg melt. RSC Adv 2018; 8:38336-38345. [PMID: 35559083 PMCID: PMC9089909 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07728b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The crystallization process of magnesia in iron melt begins with nucleation, which determines the structure and size of magnesia inclusions. Thus, it is necessary to have a deep insight into the crystallization of magnesia by two-step nucleation mechanisms. In this work, the two-step nucleation method was used to investigate the behavior during the early stages of magnesia inclusions crystallization. A first principles method was applied to calculate the thermodynamic properties of magnesia crystal from various cluster structures for the formation of magnesia inclusions. Based on the numerical results, the nucleation mechanism of magnesia in liquid iron has been discussed. The magnesia clusters appear as the structural units for Mg-deoxidation reaction in the liquid iron, and the residual magnesia clusters are the reason for the supersaturation ratio or the excess oxygen for MgO formation in the liquid iron. Based on the comparison between Mg-deoxidation equilibrium experiments and numerical results, the previous experiments may be in a different thermodynamic state. The equilibrium reaction product should be not only magnesia clusters but also bulk-magnesia in those equilibrium experiments. The crystallization process of magnesia involves two steps.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyou Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110819 P. R. China .,School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110819 P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Metallurgy Engineering Liaoning Province, University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan Liaoning Province 114051 P. R China
| | - Hong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110819 P. R. China .,School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110819 P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110819 P. R. China .,School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University Shenyang Liaoning Province 110819 P. R. China
| | - Guocheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Metallurgy Engineering Liaoning Province, University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan Liaoning Province 114051 P. R China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Metallurgy Engineering Liaoning Province, University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan Liaoning Province 114051 P. R China
| | - Wei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu Province 214122 P. R. China
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11
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Wang G, Xiao Y, Song Y, Zhou H, Tian Q, Li F. A density functional study on the aggregation of alumina clusters. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-016-2708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Abstract
The relative role of electronic and geometric effects on the stability of clusters has been a contentious topic for quite some time, with the focus on electronic structure generally gaining the upper hand. In this Account, we hope to demonstrate that both electronic shell filling and geometric shell filling are necessary concepts for an intuitive understanding of the reactivity of metal clusters. This work will focus on the reactivity of aluminum based clusters, although these concepts may be applied to clusters of different metals and ligand protected clusters. First we highlight the importance of electronic shell closure in the stability of metallic clusters. Quantum confinement in small compact metal clusters results in the bunching of quantum states that are reminiscent of the electronic shells in atoms. Clusters with closed electronic shells and large HOMO-LUMO (highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) gaps have enhanced stability and reduced reactivity with O2 due to the need for the cluster to accommodate the spin of molecular oxygen during activation of the molecule. To intuitively understand the reactivity of clusters with protic species such as water and methanol, geometric effects are needed. Clusters with unsymmetrical structures and defects usually result in uneven charge distribution over the surface of the cluster, forming active sites. To reduce reactivity, these sites must be quenched. These concepts can also be applied to ligand protected clusters. Clusters with ligands that are balanced across the cluster are less reactive, while clusters with unbalanced ligands can result in induced active sites. Adatoms on the surface of a cluster that are bound to a ligand result in an activated adatom that reacts readily with protic species, offering a mechanism by which the defects will be etched off returning the cluster to a closed geometric shell. The goal of this Account is to argue that both geometric and electronic shell filling concepts serve as valuable organizational principles that explain a wide variety of phenomena in the reactivity of clusters. These concepts help to explain the fundamental interactions that allow for specific clusters to be described as superatoms. Superatoms are clusters that exhibit a well-defined valence. A superatom cluster's properties may be intuitively understood and predicted based on the energy gained when the cluster obtains its optimal electronic and geometric structure. This concept has been found to be a unifying principle among a wide variety of metal clusters ranging from free aluminum clusters to ligand protected noble metal clusters and even metal-chalcogenide ligand protected clusters. Thus, the importance of electronic and geometric shell closing concepts supports the superatom concept, because the properties of certain clusters with well-defined valence are controlled by the stability that is enhanced when they retain their closed electronic and geometric shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur C. Reber
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 701 W. Grace St., Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 701 W. Grace St., Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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13
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Giraldo C, Ferraro F, Hadad CZ, Riuz L, Tiznado W, Osorio E. Theoretical design of stable hydride clusters: isoelectronic transformation in the EnAl4−nH7+n− series. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01422h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Design of stable hydrogen-rich metallic hydrides through substitutions of one aluminum atom by one E–H unit in the Al4H7− cluster (E = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba atoms).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Giraldo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas
- Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
- SISCO
- Medellín
- Colombia
| | - Franklin Ferraro
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas
- Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
- SISCO
- Medellín
- Colombia
| | - C. Z. Hadad
- Grupo de Química-Física Teórica
- Instituto de Química
- Universidad de Antioquia
- Medellín
- Colombia
| | - Lina Riuz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - William Tiznado
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Andres Bello
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Edison Osorio
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas
- Universidad Católica Luis Amigó
- SISCO
- Medellín
- Colombia
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14
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Ramos-Castillo CM, Reveles JU, Cifuentes-Quintal ME, Zope RR, de Coss R. Hydrogen storage in bimetallic Ti–Al sub-nanoclusters supported on graphene. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:21174-21184. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03347h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Variations in the hydrogen gravimetric content of Ti and TiAln clusters supported on graphene layers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. U. Reveles
- Department of Physics
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
- Department of Physics
| | | | - R. R. Zope
- Department of Physics
- University of Texas at El Paso
- El Paso
- USA
| | - R. de Coss
- Department of Applied Physics
- Cinvestav-Mérida
- Mérida
- Mexico
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15
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Luo Z, Reber AC, Jia M, Blades WH, Khanna SN, Castleman AW. What determines if a ligand activates or passivates a superatom cluster? Chem Sci 2016; 7:3067-3074. [PMID: 29997798 PMCID: PMC6005155 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04293c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum confinement in small metal clusters leads to a bunching of states into electronic shells reminiscent of shells in atoms, enabling the classification of clusters as superatoms.
Quantum confinement in small metal clusters leads to a bunching of states into electronic shells reminiscent of shells in atoms, enabling the classification of clusters as superatoms. The addition of ligands tunes the valence electron count of metal clusters and appears to serve as protecting groups preventing the etching of the metallic cores. Through a joint experimental and theoretical study of the reactivity of methanol with aluminum clusters ligated with iodine, we find that ligands enhance the stability of some clusters, however in some cases the electronegative ligand may perturb the charge density of the metallic core generating active sites that can lead to the etching of the cluster. The reactivity is driven by Lewis acid and Lewis base active sites that form through the selective positioning of the iodine and the structure of the aluminum core. This study enriches the general knowledge on clusters including offering insight into the stability of ligand protected clusters synthesized via wet chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , China . .,Departments of Chemistry and Physics , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA 16802 , USA .
| | - Arthur C Reber
- Department of Physics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA 23284 , USA .
| | - Meiye Jia
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , 100190 , China .
| | - William H Blades
- Department of Physics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA 23284 , USA .
| | - Shiv N Khanna
- Department of Physics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA 23284 , USA .
| | - A W Castleman
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA 16802 , USA .
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Zhao YX, Liu QY, Zhang MQ, He SG. Reactions of metal cluster anions with inorganic and organic molecules in the gas phase. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:11471-95. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Progress on the activation and transformation of important inorganic and organic molecules by negatively charged bare metal clusters as well as ligated systems with oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Mei-Qi Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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17
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Higino Damasceno J, Teixeira Rabelo JN, Cândido L. A quantum Monte Carlo study on electron correlation effects in small aluminum hydride clusters. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01746c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Using accurate methods we calculate binding energies to discuss the electron–electron interaction in the formation of AlnHm ionic clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Higino Damasceno
- Instituto de Física
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG
- Goiânia
- Brazil
- Coordenação de Física
| | | | - Ladir Cândido
- Instituto de Física
- Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG
- Goiânia
- Brazil
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18
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Abstract
Bridging the gap between atoms and macroscopic matter, clusters continue to be a subject of increasing research interest. Among the realm of cluster investigations, an exciting development is the realization that chosen stable clusters can mimic the chemical behavior of an atom or a group of the periodic table of elements. This major finding known as a superatom concept was originated experimentally from the study of aluminum cluster reactivity conducted in 1989 by noting a dramatic size dependence of the reactivity where cluster anions containing a certain number of Al atoms were unreactive toward oxygen while the other species were etched away. This observation was well interpreted by shell closings on the basis of the jellium model, and the related concept (originally termed "unified atom") spawned a wide range of pioneering studies in the 1990s pertaining to the understanding of factors governing the properties of clusters. Under the inspiration of a superatom concept, advances in cluster science in finding stable species not only shed light on magic clusters (i.e., superatomic noble gas) but also enlightened the exploration of stable clusters to mimic the chemical behavior of atoms leading to the discovery of superhalogens, alkaline-earth metals, superalkalis, etc. Among them, certain clusters could enable isovalent isomorphism of precious metals, indicating application potential for inexpensive superatoms for industrial catalysis, while a few superalkalis were found to validate the interesting "harpoon mechanism" involved in the superatomic cluster reactivity; recently also found were the magnetic superatoms of which the cluster-assembled materials could be used in spin electronics. Up to now, extensive studies in cluster science have allowed the stability of superatomic clusters to be understood within a few models, including the jellium model, also aromaticity and Wade-Mingos rules depending on the geometry and metallicity of the cluster. However, the scope of application of the jellium model and modification of the theory to account for nonspherical symmetry and nonmetal-doped metal clusters are still illusive to be further developed. It is still worth mentioning that a superatom concept has also been introduced in ligand-stabilized metal clusters which could also follow the major shell-closing electron count for a spherical, square-well potential. By proposing a new concept named as special and general superatoms, herein we try to summarize all these investigations in series, expecting to provide an overview of this field with a primary focus on the joint undertakings which have given rise to the superatom concept. To be specific, for special superatoms, we limit to clusters under a strict jellium model and simply classify them into groups based on their valence electron counts. While for general superatoms we emphasize on nonmetal-doped metal clusters and ligand-stabilized metal clusters, as well as a few isovalent cluster systems. Hopefully this summary of special and general superatoms benefits the further development of cluster-related theory, and lights up the prospect of using them as building blocks of new materials with tailored properties, such as inexpensive isovalent systems for industrial catalysis, semiconductive superatoms for transistors, and magnetic superatoms for spin electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - A. Welford Castleman
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Zhang X, Wang H, Collins E, Lim A, Ganteför G, Kiran B, Schnöckel H, Eichhorn B, Bowen K. Photoelectron spectroscopy of the aluminum hydride anions: AlH2−, AlH3−, Al2H6−, Al3H9−, and Al4H12−. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:124303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4796200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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21
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Gamboa GU, Reber AC, Khanna SN. Electronic subshell splitting controls the atomic structure of charged and neutral silver clusters. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01075a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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22
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Luo Z, Gamboa GU, Smith JC, Reber AC, Reveles JU, Khanna SN, Castleman AW. Spin Accommodation and Reactivity of Silver Clusters with Oxygen: The Enhanced Stability of Ag13–. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18973-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja303268w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Gabriel U. Gamboa
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284, United States
| | - Jordan C. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Arthur C. Reber
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284, United States
| | - J. Ulises Reveles
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284, United States
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
23284, United States
| | - A. W. Castleman
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department
of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park,
Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Moc J. Does Al4H(14)(-) cluster anion exist? High-level ab initio study. J Mol Model 2012; 18:3427-38. [PMID: 22281811 PMCID: PMC3382283 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1353-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive ab initio investigation using coupled cluster theory with the aug-cc-pVnZ, n = D,T basis sets is carried out to identify distinct structures of the Al4H14— cluster anion and to evaluate its fragmentation stability. Both thermodynamic and mechanistic aspects of the fragmentation reactions are studied. The observation of this so far the most hydrogenated aluminum tetramer was reported in the recent mass spectrometry study of Li et al. (2010) J Chem Phys 132:241103–241104. The four Al4H14— anion structures found are chain-like with the multiple-coordinate Al center and can be viewed approximately as comprising Al2H7— and Al2H7 moieties. Locating computationally some of the Al4H14— minima on the correlated ab initio potential energy surfaces required the triple-zeta quality basis set to describe adequately the Al multi-coordinate bonding. For the two most stable Al4H14— isomers, the mechanism of their low-barrier interconversion is described. The dissociation of Al4H14— into the Al2H7— and Al2H7 units is predicted to require 20-22 (10-13) kcal mol-1 in terms of ΔH (ΔG) estimated at T = 298.15 K and p = 1 atm. However, Al4H14— is found to be a metastable species in the gas phase: the H2 loss from the radical moiety of its most favorable isomer is exothermic by 18 kcal mol-1 in terms of ΔH (298.15 K) and by 25 kcal mol-1 in terms of ΔG(298.15 K), with the enthalpic/free energy barrier involved being less than 1 kcal mol-1. By contrast with alane Al4H14—, only a weakly bound complex between Ga4H12— and H2 has been identified for the gallium analogue using the relativistic effective core potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerzy Moc
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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24
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Maatallah M, Cherqaoui D, Jarid A, Liebman JF. Large gallanes and the PSEPT theory: a theoretical study of Ga(n)H(n+2) clusters (n = 7-9). J Mol Model 2012; 18:3321-8. [PMID: 22258308 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-1335-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Do alanes Al(n)H(n+2) and gallanes Ga(n)H(n+2) satisfy the polyhedral skeletal electron pair theory (PSEPT)? Taking into account previous work on this question, this paper provides a convincing answer and proposes the reformulation of the (n + 1) electron pairs rule of Wade and Mingos (W-M) for such systems. Following recent studies of tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, octa-, and nonaalanes as well as valence-isoelectronic/related gallanes, in this paper we present an analysis of the hydrides of aluminum and gallium A(n)H(n+2) (A = Al, Ga and n = 7-9). The aim is still to examine the applicability of PSEPT, especially the W-M rule, to these clusters. Exploration of the total potential energy surfaces (PESs) of hepta-, octa-, and nonagallanes shows that the absolute minima have a nido-like polyhedron arrangement. Unlike the smaller Ga(n)H(n+2) (n = 4, 5, 6), it seems that the size of the cluster largely dictates its preferred geometry. Although none of them have closed (totally triangular) cages, these clusters exhibit significant compactness, comparable to borane double anions, B(n)H(n) (2-), which are the archetypes for the PSEPT theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Maatallah
- Département de chimie, Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, BP 2390, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
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Clayborne PA, Lopez-Acevedo O, Whetten RL, Grönbeck H, Häkkinen H. The Al50Cp*12 Cluster - A 138-Electron Closed Shell (L = 6) Superatom. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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26
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Jung J, Kim H, Han YK. Can an Electron-Shell Closing Model Explain the Structure and Stability of Ligand-Stabilized Metal Clusters? J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:6090-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja201205k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Jung
- Corporate R&D, LG Chem., Ltd., Research Park, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemi Kim
- Corporate R&D, LG Chem., Ltd., Research Park, Daejeon 305-380, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Division of Materials Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Republic of Korea
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27
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Zurek E. Alkali metals in ethylenediamine: a computational study of the optical absorption spectra and NMR parameters of [M(en)3(δ+)·M(δ-)] ion pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:4829-39. [PMID: 21366240 DOI: 10.1021/ja1085244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The optical absorption spectra of alkali metals in ethylenediamine have provided evidence for a third oxidation state, -1, of all of the alkali metals heavier than lithium. Experimentally determined NMR parameters have supported this interpretation, further indicating that whereas Na(-) is a genuine metal anion, the interaction of the alkali anion with the medium becomes progressively stronger for the larger metals. Herein, first-principles computations based upon density functional theory are carried out on various species which may be present in solutions composed of alkali metals and ethylenediamine. The energies of a number of hypothetical reactions computed with a continuum solvation model indicate that neither free metal anions, M(-), nor solvated electrons are the most stable species. Instead, [Li(en)(3)](2) and [M(en)(3)(δ+)·M(δ-)] (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs) are predicted to have enhanced stability. The M(en)(3) complexes can be viewed as superalkalis or expanded alkalis, ones in which the valence electron density is pulled out to a greater extent than in the alkali metals alone. The computed optical absorption spectra and NMR parameters of the [Li(en)(3)](2) superalkali dimer and the [M(en)(3)(δ+)·M(δ-)] superalkali-alkali mixed dimers are in good agreement with the aforementioned experimental results, providing further evidence that these may be the dominant species in solution. The latter can also be thought of as an ion pair formed from an alkali metal anion (M(-)) and solvated cation (M(en)(3)(+)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zurek
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, 331 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA.
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Ma L, Jackson KA, Jellinek J. Site-specific polarizabilities as predictors of favorable adsorption sites on Nan clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Liu J, Yu J, Ge Q. Transition-Metal-Doped Aluminum Hydrides as Building Blocks for Supramolecular Assemblies. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:12318-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jp1066296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Jiamei Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
| | - Qingfeng Ge
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, United States
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Fu
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry , Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Bin Shao
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry , Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Jin
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry , Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Hong Ding
- a State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry , Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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31
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Fu LJ, Jin L, Shao CB, Ding YH. Understanding the borane analogy in Al(n)H(n+4) (n = 5-19): unprecedented stability of a non-Wade-Mingos cluster Al(8)H(12) fused by two T(d)-like Al(4)H(6). Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5276-84. [PMID: 20438107 DOI: 10.1021/ic100429b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Contrasting the boranes B(n)H(n+4) with rich chemistry, the alanes Al(n)H(n+4) remain largely unknown in laboratory, except for the simplest Al(2)H(6). Though recent experimental and theoretical studies have proved Al(n)H(n+2) to be the borane analogues, whether or not the borane analogy can exist for the more complicated Al(n)H(n+4) is still unclear. In this paper, we find that at the B3PW91/TZVP level, Al(n)H(n+4) each has a nido-single cluster ground structure as B(n)H(n+4) for n < 12. For n >or= 12, the fusion cluster becomes energetically more competitive than the single cluster also as B(n)H(n+4). Thus, concerning the ground structures, the alanes Al(n)H(n+4) (n = 5-19) could be considered as the borane analogues. Remarkably, Al(8)H(12) has a novel closo(4)-closo(4) cluster fused by two T(d)-like subunits Al(4)H(6), lying only 0.49 kcal/mol above the single cluster. The Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamic simulation shows that the closo(4)-closo(4) fusion cluster intrinsically has high kinetic stability, which can be ascribed to the rigidity of the T(d)-Al(4)H(6) subunit. Since T(d)-Al(4)H(6) has been experimentally characterized in a gas phase very recently, we strongly recommend that the unprecedented non-Wade-Mingos alane Al(8)H(12) can be effectively formed via the direct dimerization between two T(d)-Al(4)H(6), with the reaction energy (-39.65 kcal/mol) very similar to that of the known dialane (2AlH(3) --> Al(2)H(6), -35.27 kcal/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, People's Republic of China
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Reber AC, Khanna SN, Roach PJ, Woodward WH, Castleman AW. Reactivity of Aluminum Cluster Anions with Water: Origins of Reactivity and Mechanisms for H2 Release. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:6071-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jp911136s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Cui YH, Wang JG, Xu W. A density functional theory study of the one-dimensional alane. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:025702. [PMID: 19955622 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/2/025702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The AlH(1-6), Al(2)H(1-7), Al(3)H(1-9), Al(m)H(3m) (m = 4-10), and the periodic helical structure of the one-dimensional (1D) alane are studied by means of density functional theory calculations. The helical isolated structure is more stable than those in the corresponding cyclic and other geometries. A new periodic 1D helical alane structure is predicted for the first time. The stability of this periodic 1D helical alane structure has been confirmed by its large average binding energy based on AlH(3), large energy gap of highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, and the typically double helical pi-orbital which parallels its bone structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hong Cui
- College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemical Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Wang L, Zhao J, Zhou Z, Zhang SB, Chen Z. First-principles study of molecular hydrogen dissociation on doped Al12X (X = B, Al, C, Si, P, Mg, and Ca) clusters. J Comput Chem 2009; 30:2509-14. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Roach PJ, Woodward WH, Castleman AW, Reber AC, Khanna SN. Complementary active sites cause size-selective reactivity of aluminum cluster anions with water. Science 2009; 323:492-5. [PMID: 19164745 DOI: 10.1126/science.1165884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of metal clusters with small molecules often depend on cluster size. The selectivity of oxygen reactions with aluminum cluster anions can be well described within an electronic shell model; however, not all reactions are subject to the same fundamental constraints. We observed the size selectivity of aluminum cluster anion reactions with water, which can be attributed to the dissociative chemisorption of water at specific surface sites. The reactivity depends on geometric rather than electronic shell structure. Identical arrangements of multiple active sites in Al16-, Al17-, and Al18- result in the production of H2 from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Roach
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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36
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Jones CE, Clayborne PA, Reveles JU, Melko JJ, Gupta U, Khanna SN, Castleman AW. AlnBi Clusters: Transitions Between Aromatic and Jellium Stability. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:13316-25. [DOI: 10.1021/jp804667d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles E. Jones
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - Peneé A. Clayborne
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - J. Ulises Reveles
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - Joshua J. Melko
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - Ujjwal Gupta
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
| | - A. W. Castleman
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284
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Wang XB, Xing XP, Wang LS. Observation of H2 Aggregation onto a Doubly Charged Anion in a Temperature-Controlled Ion Trap. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:13271-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jp808769m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bin Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Xiao-Peng Xing
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Physics, Washington State University, 2710 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354, and Chemical & Materials Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, MS K8-88, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352
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38
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Das U, Raghavachari K. Al5O4: A Superatom with Potential for New Materials Design. J Chem Theory Comput 2008; 4:2011-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ct800232b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ujjal Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405
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39
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Gupta U, Reber AC, Clayborne PA, Melko JJ, Khanna SN, Castleman AW. Effect of Charge and Composition on the Structural Fluxionality and Stability of Nine Atom Tin−Bismuth Zintl Analogues. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:10953-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic8011712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ujjwal Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220
| | - Arthur C. Reber
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220
| | - Penee A. Clayborne
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220
| | - Joshua J. Melko
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220
| | - A. W. Castleman
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23220
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40
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Johnson GE, Mitrić R, Tyo EC, Bonačić-Koutecký V, Castleman AW. Stoichiometric Zirconium Oxide Cations as Potential Building Blocks for Cluster Assembled Catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:13912-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ja803246n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Grant E. Johnson
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Mitrić
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eric C. Tyo
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vlasta Bonačić-Koutecký
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A. W. Castleman
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, and Institut für Chemie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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41
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Reber AC, Khanna SN, Roach PJ, Woodward WH, Castleman AW. Spin Accommodation and Reactivity of Aluminum Based Clusters with O2. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:16098-101. [DOI: 10.1021/ja075998d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur C. Reber
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Patrick J. Roach
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - William H. Woodward
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - A. Welford Castleman
- Contribution from the Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, and Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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