1
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Holzknecht D, Van Alstine AK, Russell BP, Vinyard DJ, Donnarumma F, Chambers MB. Revisiting the Preparation and Catalytic Performance of a Phosphine-Modified Co(II) Hydroformylation Precatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:19183-19192. [PMID: 38954757 PMCID: PMC11258681 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In light of recent conflicting reports regarding the hydroformylation catalytic activity derived from cationic Co(II) precatalysts of the form [Co(acac)(bis(phosphine))]BF4, the synthetic procedures and characterization of [Co(acac)(dppBz)]BF4, 1, are evaluated. Leveraging calibrated ESI-TOF MS methodologies, substantial quantities of Co(acac)2(dppBz), 2, were observed within samples of 1. The source of the impurity, 2, is determined to derive from incomplete protonolysis of the Co(acac)2 precursor and ligand scrambling occurring during the synthesis of 1. Revised synthetic procedures using lower temperature conditions and longer reaction times afford analytically pure samples of 1 based on ESI-TOF MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis. Complex 1 is demonstrated to act as a hydroformylation precatalyst for the conversion of 1-hexene to 1-heptanal under relatively mild conditions at 51.7 bar and 140 °C. The presence of impurity 2 is shown to dramatically decrease the catalytic performance derived from 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- David
R. Holzknecht
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United
States
| | - Alexandra K. Van Alstine
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United
States
| | - Brandon P. Russell
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State
University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - David J. Vinyard
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State
University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States
| | - Fabrizio Donnarumma
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United
States
| | - Matthew B. Chambers
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United
States
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2
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Mertens JCJ, Spitzbarth B, Eelkema R, Hunger J, van der Veen MA. Predicting and Probing the Local Temperature Rise Around Plasmonic Core-Shell Nanoparticles to Study Thermally Activated Processes. Chempluschem 2024:e202400134. [PMID: 38804190 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast spectroscopy can be used to study dynamic processes on femtosecond to nanosecond timescales, but is typically used for photoinduced processes. Several materials can induce ultrafast temperature rises upon absorption of femtosecond laser pulses, in principle allowing to study thermally activated processes, such as (catalytic) reactions, phase transitions, and conformational changes. Gold-silica core-shell nanoparticles are particularly interesting for this, as they can be used in a wide range of media and are chemically inert. Here we computationally model the temporal and spatial temperature profiles of gold nanoparticles with and without silica shell in liquid and gas media. Fast rises in temperature within tens of picoseconds are always observed. This is fast enough to study many of the aforementioned processes. We also validate our results experimentally using a poly(urethane-urea) exhibiting a temperature-dependent hydrogen bonding network, which shows local temperatures above 90 °C are reached on this timescale. Moreover, this experiment shows the hydrogen bond breaking in such polymers occurs within tens of picoseconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes C J Mertens
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The, Netherlands
| | - Benjamin Spitzbarth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The, Netherlands
| | - Rienk Eelkema
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The, Netherlands
| | - Johannes Hunger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Monique A van der Veen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The, Netherlands
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3
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Burks R, Öhrström L, Amombo Noa FM. Clarifying the complex chemistry of cobalt(II) thiocyanate-based tests for cocaine using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques. J Forensic Sci 2024; 69:291-300. [PMID: 37853665 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt(II) thiocyanate-based tests are routinely used to screen cocaine products, with the formation of a blue species interpreted as a positive response. An array of other organic bases has been identified as false positives - including well-documented cocaine product adulterant lidocaine and its salt. False positives prompt continued test development, though improvements are hindered by unresolved product structures and reaction pathways. Toward greater clarity, cobalt(II) thiocyanate reactions with cocaine hydrochloride, along with lidocaine and its salt, were investigated using multiple analytical techniques. Reactions involving cocaine hydrochloride yielded glassy, amorphous blue material while reactions of lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate produced larger, needle-like crystals whose structure was determined via single-crystal X-ray diffraction to be an ion pair (Hlidocaine+ )2 ([Co(SCN)4 ]2- )·H2 O. While the blue precipitate isolated from reactions involving cocaine hydrochloride was unsuitable for crystallographic structure determination, comparative ultraviolet-visible, attenuated total reflectance infrared, and Raman spectroscopic analysis - along with elemental analysis - supports that this solid is comprised of a comparable ion pair (Hcocaine+ )2 [Co(SCN)4 ]2- . Pink crystals isolated from lidocaine reaction vessels were identified as coordination compounds cis-[CoL2 (SCN)2 ] and trans-[CoL2 (SCN)2 ] where L = lidocaine, while pink crystals from both cocaine hydrochloride and lidocaine hydrochloride monohydrate reaction vessels were the coordination polymer trans-[Co(H2 O)2 (SCN)2 ]·H2 O. The results presented herein enable reaction optimization to favor a desired product, whether ion pair or coordination species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raychelle Burks
- Department of Chemistry, American University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Öhrström
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Francoise M Amombo Noa
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
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4
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Madkhali MMM, Rankine CD, Penfold TJ. Enhancing the analysis of disorder in X-ray absorption spectra: application of deep neural networks to T-jump-X-ray probe experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:9259-9269. [PMID: 33885072 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06244h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many chemical and biological reactions, including ligand exchange processes, require thermal energy for the reactants to overcome a transition barrier and reach the product state. Temperature-jump (T-jump) spectroscopy uses a near-infrared (NIR) pulse to rapidly heat a sample, offering an approach for triggering these processes and directly accessing thermally-activated pathways. However, thermal activation inherently increases the disorder of the system under study and, as a consequence, can make quantitative interpretations of structural changes challenging. In this Article, we optimise a deep neural network (DNN) for the instantaneous prediction of Co K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra. We apply our DNN to analyse T-jump pump/X-ray probe data pertaining to the ligand exchange processes and solvation dynamics of Co2+ in chlorinated aqueous solution. Our analysis is greatly facilitated by machine learning, as our DNN is able to predict quickly and cost-effectively the XANES spectra of thousands of geometric configurations sampled from ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) using nothing more than the local geometric environment around the X-ray absorption site. We identify directly the structural changes following the T-jump, which are dominated by sample heating and a commensurate increase in the Debye-Waller factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwah M M Madkhali
- Chemistry - School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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5
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Anjana SS, Varghese B, Murthy NN. Coligand modulated oxidative O-demethylation of a methyl ether appended tetradentate N-ligand in Co(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:3187-3197. [PMID: 31967148 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04609g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two Co(ii) complexes of the formula CoLOMeX2 (X = Cl- (1a); X = I- (1b)), where LOMe is 2-methoxy-N,N-bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) aniline, were synthesized and their structure, spectra and reactivity were studied. Upon oxidation of 1a and 1b, the ligand LOMe undergoes demethylation at the metal centre resulting in the formation of Co(iii) complexes with modified phenoxide ligands. This is the very first example of oxidative O-demethylation reported at a Co(ii) centre. The oxidative behaviour exhibits a striking dependence on the nature of coligands coordinated to the metal centre. The Co(ii) complex 1a with stronger chloro coligands requires a strong oxidising agent like t-BuOOH for oxidative demethylation and the subsequent formation of a mononuclear Co(iii) complex with a demethylated ligand, CoLO-Cl2 (2). On the other hand, complex 1b with weaker iodo coligands undergoes oxidation in the presence of the weak oxidant O2 to form a dihydroxo bridged binuclear Co(iii) complex [Co2(LO-)2(OH)2]2+ (3) with modified phenoxide ligands. The oxidation of 1b to 3 is monitored and the intermediate Co(ii) iodo aqua complex [CoLOMeI(H2O)]+ and Co(ii) diaqua complex [CoLOMe(H2O)2]2+ are isolated and characterised.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Anjana
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Madras, Chennai 600 036, India.
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6
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Folli A, Choi H, Barter M, Harari J, Richards E, Slocombe D, Porch A, Murphy DM. A novel dual mode X-band EPR resonator for rapid in situ microwave heating. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 310:106644. [PMID: 31812887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.106644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A unique dual mode X-band Continuous Wave (CW) EPR resonator designed for simultaneous EPR measurement and rapid microwave (MW) induced sample heating is described. Chemical reactions subjected to a flow of energy and matter can be perturbed away from the thermodynamic equilibrium by imposing a rapid shock or physical change to the system. Depending on the magnitude of the perturbation, these changes can dictate the subsequent evolution of the entire system, allowing for instance to populate non-equilibrium reactive intermediate states. Temperature jump (T-jump) experiments are a common method to achieve such perturbations. Most T-jump experiments are based on Joule Heating methods or IR lasers. Here we demonstrate the principle of rapid sample heating based on microwaves. The benefits of MW heating include (i) rapid and efficient heating (i.e. using a tuned resonant cavity, >99% efficient power transfer to the sample can be achieved), and (ii) volumetric heating (i.e. the entire sample volume rises in temperature at once, since heat is generated in the sample instead of being transferred to it). Accordingly, the key concept of the design is the use of a cavity resonator allowing EPR detection (at 9.5 GHz) and simultaneous sample heating (at 6.1 GHz). Temperature increments of 50 °C within a few seconds are possible. This is evidenced and illustrated here by probing the temperature-induced variation of the rotational dynamics of 16-doxyl stearic acid methyl ester (16-DSE) spin probe grafted on the surface of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) micelles in water, as well as copper (II) acetylacetonate in chloroform. Rapid changes in the rotational dynamics of the paramagnetic centres provide direct evidence for the in situ and simultaneous EPR measurement-heating capabilities of the resonator. Improvements afforded by the use of pulsed MW sources will enable faster heating time scales to be achieved. In the longer term, this current study demonstrates the simple and direct possibilities for using MW heating as a means of performing T-jump experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Folli
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Heungjae Choi
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Michael Barter
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Jaafar Harari
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Emma Richards
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Daniel Slocombe
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Adrian Porch
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Damien M Murphy
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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7
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Cannelli O, Bacellar C, Ingle RA, Bohinc R, Kinschel D, Bauer B, Ferreira DS, Grolimund D, Mancini GF, Chergui M. Toward time-resolved laser T-jump/X-ray probe spectroscopy in aqueous solutions. STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS (MELVILLE, N.Y.) 2019; 6:064303. [PMID: 31832487 PMCID: PMC6906120 DOI: 10.1063/1.5129626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Most chemical and biochemical reactions in nature and in industrial processes are driven by thermal effects that bring the reactants above the energy barrier for reaction. In aqueous solutions, this process can also be triggered by the laser driven temperature jump (T-jump) method, in which the water vibrational (stretch, bend, or combination) modes are excited by a short laser pulse, leading to a temperature increase in the irradiated volume within a few picoseconds. The combination of the laser T-jump with X-ray spectroscopic probes would add element-specificity as well as sensitivity to the structure, the oxidation state, and the spin state of the intermediates of reactions. Here, we present preliminary results of a near infrared pump/X-ray absorption spectroscopy probe to study the ligand exchange of an octahedral aqueous Cobalt complex, which is known to pass through intermediate steps yielding tetrahedral chlorinated as final species. The structural changes of the chemical reaction are monitored with great sensitivity, even in the presence of a mild local increase in temperature. This work opens perspectives for the study of non-light-driven reactions using time-resolved X-ray spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Cannelli
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Lausanne Center for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Bacellar
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Lausanne Center for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R A Ingle
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Lausanne Center for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - R Bohinc
- Laboratory of Femtochemistry-MicroXAS, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 PSI Villigen, Switzerland
| | - D Kinschel
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Lausanne Center for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Bauer
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Lausanne Center for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D S Ferreira
- Laboratory of Femtochemistry-MicroXAS, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 PSI Villigen, Switzerland
| | - D Grolimund
- Laboratory of Femtochemistry-MicroXAS, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 PSI Villigen, Switzerland
| | - G F Mancini
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Lausanne Center for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Chergui
- Laboratory of Ultrafast Spectroscopy, Lausanne Center for Ultrafast Science (LACUS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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8
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Mishra PK, Bettaque V, Vendrell O, Santra R, Welsch R. Prospects of Using High-Intensity THz Pulses To Induce Ultrafast Temperature-Jumps in Liquid Water. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:5211-5222. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kr. Mishra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Bettaque
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oriol Vendrell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Robin Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralph Welsch
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Benavides PA, Matias TA, Araki K. Unexpected lability of the [Ru III(phtpy)Cl 3] complex. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:15567-15572. [PMID: 29091091 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03658b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium(iii) complexes are known for their high stability and inertness. To the best of our knowledge, the only well-characterized example of a labile Ru(iii) complex is [RuIII(edta)(H2O)] as a consequence of an intramolecular hydrogen bonding leading to the formation of a large opening in the molecule front, thus changing the mechanism from dissociative to associative. Compelling experimental evidence is presented demonstrating that the [RuIII(phtpy)Cl3] complex is labile, also indicating that the Ru(iii)-phtpy bond is much weaker than expected, in contrast to the strongly π-back-bonding stabilized Ru(ii)-phtpy bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola A Benavides
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Lineu Prestes 748, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
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10
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Investigation of Ni-Mo and Co-Mo alloys electrodeposition involving choline chloride based ionic liquids. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Munzert SM, Schwarz G, Kurth DG. Kinetic Studies of the Coordination of Mono- and Ditopic Ligands with First Row Transition Metal Ions. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2565-73. [PMID: 26908136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of the ditopic ligand 1,4-bis(2,2':6',2″-terpyridin-4'-yl)benzene (1) as well as the monotopic ligands 4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (2) and 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (3) with Fe(2+), Co(2+), and Ni(2+) in solution are studied. While the reaction of 1 with Fe(2+), Co(2+), and Ni(2+) results in metallo-supramolecular coordination polyelectrolytes (MEPEs), ligands 2 and 3 give mononuclear complexes. All compounds are analyzed by UV/vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Fluorescence spectroscopy indicates that protonation as well as coordination to Zn(2+) leads to an enhanced fluorescence of the terpyridine ligands. In contrast, Fe(2+), Co(2+), or Ni(2+) quench the fluorescence of the ligands. The kinetics of the reactions are studied by stopped-flow fluorescence spectroscopy. Analysis of the measured data is presented and the full kinetic rate laws for the coordination of the terpyridine ligands 1, 2, and 3 to Fe(2+), Co(2+), and Ni(2+) are presented. The coordination occurs within a few seconds, and the rate constant increases in the order Ni(2+) < Co(2+) < Fe(2+). With the rate constants at hand, the polymer growth of Ni-MEPE is computed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Martina Munzert
- Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Röntgenring 11, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Guntram Schwarz
- Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Röntgenring 11, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk G Kurth
- Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg , Röntgenring 11, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
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12
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Mereshchenko AS, Olshin PK, Karabaeva KE, Panov MS, Wilson RM, Kochemirovsky VA, Skripkin MY, Tveryanovich YS, Tarnovsky AN. Mechanism of Formation of Copper(II) Chloro Complexes Revealed by Transient Absorption Spectroscopy and DFT/TDDFT Calculations. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:8754-63. [PMID: 26079181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes are extremely labile with typical ligand exchange rate constants on the order of 10(6)-10(9) M(-1) s(-1). As a result, it is often difficult to identify the actual formation mechanism of these complexes. In this work, using UV-vis transient absorption when probing in a broad time range (20 ps to 8 μs) in conjunction with DFT/TDDFT calculations, we studied the dynamics and underlying reaction mechanisms of the formation of extremely labile copper(II) CuCl4(2-) chloro complexes from copper(II) CuCl3(-) trichloro complexes and chloride ions. These two species, produced via photochemical dissociation of CuCl4(2-) upon 420 nm excitation into the ligand-to-metal-charge-transfer electronic state, are found to recombine into parent complexes with bimolecular rate constants of (9.0 ± 0.1) × 10(7) and (5.3 ± 0.4) × 10(8) M(-1) s(-1) in acetonitrile and dichloromethane, respectively. In dichloromethane, recombination occurs via a simple one-step addition. In acetonitrile, where [CuCl3](-) reacts with the solvent to form a [CuCl3CH3CN](-) complex in less than 20 ps, recombination takes place via ligand exchange described by the associative interchange mechanism that involves a [CuCl4CH3CN](2-) intermediate. In both solvents, the recombination reaction is potential energy controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey S Mereshchenko
- †Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel K Olshin
- †Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Kanykey E Karabaeva
- ‡Department of Chemistry and the Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Maxim S Panov
- †Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - R Marshall Wilson
- ‡Department of Chemistry and the Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Vladimir A Kochemirovsky
- †Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Yu Skripkin
- †Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Yury S Tveryanovich
- †Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, 198504 Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander N Tarnovsky
- ‡Department of Chemistry and the Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
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13
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Mishra PK, Vendrell O, Santra R. Ultrafast Energy Transfer from Solvent to Solute Induced by Subpicosecond Highly Intense THz Pulses. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:8080-6. [PMID: 26000640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b02860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ultrafast energy transfer from an intense, subpicosecond THz pulse to bulk water at 300 K and density 1 g/cm(3) is simulated by ab initio molecular dynamics with explicit inclusion of the laser pulse. A 200 fs subcycle pulse of intensity 5 × 10(12) W/cm(2) corresponding to a peak field amplitude of 0.6 V/Å and achievable nowadays using optical rectification techniques results in a temperature jump from 300 K up to ∼1000 K within the first picosecond after the pulse. We discuss in detail the time-dependent structural changes caused by the THz pulse in the water medium and suggest possible ways to measure those changes by pump-probe experimental techniques. The ultrafast energy transfer from the energized water molecules to a solute molecule is studied on a test system, phenol. We find that phenol is, in the gas phase, insensitive to the THz pulse and only gains energy in solution via collisional energy transfer with the water molecules in its environment. The reason for this is found in the mode of interaction of the THz pulse with the aqueous medium. In short, water molecules respond mainly through their permanent dipole moments trying to orient themselves in the strong electric field of the pulse and disrupting their hydrogen-bonding structure. As compared with the water molecule, phenol has a smaller but still substantial permanent dipole moment. The moments of inertia of phenol are, however, too large for it to rotate in the short duration of the THz pulse. Therefore, the direct heating-up mechanism is mostly selective to the solvent molecules, whereas the solute heats up indirectly via collisions with its hot environment in about 1 to 2 ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kr Mishra
- †Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,‡Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstr. 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany.,§Center for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oriol Vendrell
- †Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,§Center for Ultrafast Imaging, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robin Santra
- †Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,‡Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstr. 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Natali M, Argazzi R, Chiorboli C, Iengo E, Scandola F. Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution with a Self-Assembling Reductant-Sensitizer-Catalyst System. Chemistry 2013; 19:9261-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201300133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Wang G, Zhao Q, Kang X, Guan X. Probing mercury(II)-DNA interactions by nanopore stochastic sensing. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:4763-9. [PMID: 23565989 DOI: 10.1021/jp309541h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, DNA-Hg(II) interactions were investigated by monitoring the translocation of DNA hairpins in a protein ion channel in the absence and presence of metal ions. Our experiments demonstrate that target-specific hairpin structures could be stabilized much more significantly by mercuric ions than by the stem length and the loop size of the hairpin due to the formation of Thymine-Hg(II)-Thymine complexes. In addition, the designed DNA probe allows the development of a highly sensitive nanopore sensor for Hg(2+) with a detection limit of 25 nM. Further, the sensor is specific, and other tested metal ions including Pb(2+), Cu(2+), Cd(2+), and so on with concentrations of up to 2 orders of magnitude greater than that of Hg(2+) would not interfere with the mercury detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Wang
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
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16
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Rybka P, Regel-Rosocka M. Nickel(II) and Cobalt(II) Extraction from Chloride Solutions with Quaternary Phosphonium Salts. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2012.672532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Mereshchenko AS, Pal SK, Karabaeva KE, El-Khoury PZ, Tarnovsky AN. Photochemistry of Monochloro Complexes of Copper(II) in Methanol Probed by Ultrafast Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2011; 116:2791-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp208532u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey S. Mereshchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Suman K. Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Kanykey E. Karabaeva
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Patrick Z. El-Khoury
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
| | - Alexander N. Tarnovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, United States
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18
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McCormick TM, Han Z, Weinberg DJ, Brennessel WW, Holland PL, Eisenberg R. Impact of Ligand Exchange in Hydrogen Production from Cobaloxime-Containing Photocatalytic Systems. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:10660-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ic2010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M. McCormick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Zhiji Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - David J. Weinberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - William W. Brennessel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Patrick L. Holland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Richard Eisenberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
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19
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Withers N. Jump! Nat Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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