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Luo Z, Wu Y, Yang S, Li Z, Hua W, Chen Z, Che L, Wang X, Ashfold MNR, Yuan K. Unraveling the Rich Fragmentation Dynamics Associated with S-H Bond Fission Following Photoexcitation of H 2S at Wavelengths ∼129.1 nm. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3351-3360. [PMID: 38651288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
H2S is being detected in the atmospheres of ever more interstellar bodies, and photolysis is an important mechanism by which it is processed. Here, we report H Rydberg atom time-of-flight measurements following the excitation of H2S molecules to selected rotational (JKaKc') levels of the 1B1 Rydberg state associated with the strong absorption feature at wavelengths of λ ∼ 129.1 nm. Analysis of the total kinetic energy release spectra derived from these data reveals that all levels predissociate to yield H atoms in conjunction with both SH(A) and SH(X) partners and that the primary SH(A)/SH(X) product branching ratio increases steeply with ⟨Jb2⟩, the square of the rotational angular momentum about the b-inertial axis in the excited state. These products arise via competing homogeneous (vibronic) and heterogeneous (Coriolis-induced) predissociation pathways that involve coupling to dissociative potential energy surfaces (PES(s)) of, respectively, 1A″ and 1A' symmetries. The present data also show H + SH(A) product formation when exciting the JKaKc' = 000 and 111 levels, for which ⟨Jb2⟩ = 0 and Coriolis coupling to the 1A' PES(s) is symmetry forbidden, implying the operation of another, hitherto unrecognized, route to forming H + SH(A) products following excitation of H2S at energies above ∼9 eV. These data can be expected to stimulate future ab initio molecular dynamic studies that test, refine, and define the currently inferred predissociation pathways available to photoexcited H2S molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Luo
- Marine Engineering College, Dalian Maritime University, Liaoning 116026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuaikang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wei Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Li Che
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Xingan Wang
- Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | | | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
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2
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Zhang Z, Wu H, Chen Z, Fu Y, Fu B, Zhang DH, Yang X, Yuan K. Multiple Dissociation Pathways in HNCO Decomposition Governed by Potential Energy Surface Topography. JACS AU 2023; 3:2855-2861. [PMID: 37885590 PMCID: PMC10598830 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The exquisite features of molecular photochemistry are key to any complete understanding of the chemical processes governed by potential energy surfaces (PESs). It is well established that multiple dissociation pathways relate to nonadiabatic transitions between multiple coupled PESs. However, little detail is known about how the single PES determines reaction outcomes. Here we perform detailed experiments on HNCO photodissociation, acquiring the state-specific correlations of the NH (a1Δ) and CO (X1Σ+) products. The experiments reveal a trimodal CO rotational distribution. Dynamics simulations based on a full-dimensional machine-learning-based PES of HNCO unveil three dissociation pathways exclusively occurring on the S1 excited electronic state. One pathway, following the minimum energy path (MEP) via the transition state, contributes to mild rotational excitation in CO, while the other two pathways deviating substantially from the MEP account for relatively cold and hot CO rotational state populations. These peculiar dynamics are unambiguously governed by the S1 state PES topography, i.e., a narrow acceptance cone in the vicinity of the transition state region. The dynamical picture shown in this work will serve as a textbook example illustrating the importance of the PES topography in molecular photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent
Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Key
Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Informatics of
Anhui Educational Institutions and School of Physics and Electronic
Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui 236041, China
| | - Hao Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent
Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent
Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yanlin Fu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent
Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Bina Fu
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent
Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Hefei
National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Dong H. Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent
Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Hefei
National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent
Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Hefei
National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
- Department
of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Light Source Research, College
of Science, Southern University of Science
and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent
Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Hefei
National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
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3
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Chang Y, Ashfold MNR, Yuan K, Yang X. Exploring the vacuum ultraviolet photochemistry of astrochemically important triatomic molecules. Natl Sci Rev 2023; 10:nwad158. [PMID: 37771464 PMCID: PMC10533343 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwad158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The recently constructed vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) free electron laser (FEL) at the Dalian Coherent Light Source (DCLS) is yielding a wealth of new and exquisitely detailed information about the photofragmentation dynamics of many small gas-phase molecules. This Review focuses particular attention on five triatomic molecules-H2O, H2S, CO2, OCS and CS2. Each shows excitation wavelength-dependent dissociation dynamics, yielding photofragments that populate a range of electronic and (in the case of diatomic fragments) vibrational and rotational quantum states, which can be characterized by different translational spectroscopy methods. The photodissociation of an isolated molecule from a well-defined initial quantum state provides a lens through which one can investigate how and why chemical reactions occur, and provides numerous opportunities for fruitful, synergistic collaborations with high-level ab initio quantum chemists. The chosen molecules, their photofragments and the subsequent chemical reaction networks to which they can contribute are all crucial in planetary atmospheres and in interstellar and circumstellar environments. The aims of this Review are 3-fold: to highlight new photochemical insights enabled by the VUV-FEL at the DCLS, notably the recently recognized central atom elimination process that is shown to contribute in all of these triatomic molecules; to highlight some of the potential implications of this rich photochemistry to our understanding of interstellar chemistry and molecular evolution within the universe; and to highlight other and future research directions in areas related to chemical reaction dynamics and astrochemistry that will be enabled by increased access to VUV-FEL sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | | | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Douroudgari H, Zarepour H, Vahedpour M, Jaberi M, Zarepour M. The atmospheric relevance of primary alcohols and imidogen reactions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9150. [PMID: 37277419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35473-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic alcohols as very volatile compounds play a crucial role in the air quality of the atmosphere. So, the removal processes of such compounds are an important atmospheric challenge. The main goal of this research is to discover the atmospheric relevance of degradation paths of linear alcohols by imidogen with the aid of simulation by quantum mechanical (QM) methods. To this end, we combine broad mechanistic and kinetic results to get more accurate information and to have a deeper insight into the behavior of the designed reactions. Thus, the main and necessary reaction pathways are explored by well-behaved QM methods for complete elucidation of the studying gaseous reactions. Moreover, the potential energy surfaces as a main factor are computed for easier judging of the most probable pathways in the simulated reactions. Our attempt to find the occurrence of the considered reactions in the atmospheric conditions is completed by precisely evaluating the rate constants of all elementary reactions. All of the computed bimolecular rate constants have a positive dependency on both temperature and pressure. The kinetic results show that H-abstraction from the α carbon is dominant relative to the other sites. Finally, by the results of this study, we conclude that at moderate temperatures and pressures primary alcohols can degrade with imidogen, so they can get atmospheric relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Douroudgari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, PO Box 38791-45371, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Hadi Zarepour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, PO Box 38791-45371, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Morteza Vahedpour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, PO Box 38791-45371, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Jaberi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, PO Box 38791-45371, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zarepour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, PO Box 38791-45371, Zanjan, Iran
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Zhao Y, Chen J, Luo Z, Chang Y, Yang J, Zhang W, Wu G, Crane SW, Hansen CS, Ding H, An F, Hu X, Xie D, Ashfold MNR, Yuan K, Yang X. The vibronic state dependent predissociation of H 2S: determination of all fragmentation processes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2501-2517. [PMID: 36908956 PMCID: PMC9993885 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Photochemistry plays a significant role in shaping the chemical reaction network in the solar nebula and interstellar clouds. However, even in a simple triatomic molecule photodissociation, determination of all fragmentation processes is yet to be achieved. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the photochemistry of H2S, derived from cutting-edge translational spectroscopy measurements of the H, S(1D) and S(1S) atom products formed by photolysis at wavelengths across the range 155-120 nm. The results provide detailed insights into the energy disposal in the SH(X), SH(A) and H2 co-fragments, and the atomisation routes leading to two H atoms along with S(3P) and S(1D) atoms. Theoretical calculations allow the dynamics of all fragmentation processes, especially the bimodal internal energy distributions in the diatomic products, to be rationalised in terms of non-adiabatic transitions between potential energy surfaces of both 1A' and 1A'' symmetry. The comprehensive picture of the wavelength-dependent (or vibronic state-dependent) photofragmentation behaviour of H2S will serve as a text-book example illustrating the importance of non-Born-Oppenheimer effects in molecular photochemistry, and the findings should be incorporated in future astrochemical modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarui Zhao
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Chinese Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Stuart W Crane
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | | | - Hongbin Ding
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Chinese Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
| | - Feng An
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xixi Hu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Institute for Brain Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emissions Control, Center of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China .,Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China.,Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China
| | | | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China .,Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China .,Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088 China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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6
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Wu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Luo Z, Zhao Y, Yang S, Li Z, Chang Y, Chen Z, Yu S, Yang X, Yuan K. Rotational state specific dissociation dynamics of D 2O via the C̃(010) state: The effect of bending vibrational excitation. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:214301. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rotational state resolved photodissociation dynamics of D2O via the [Formula: see text](010) state has been investigated by using the D-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique combined with a tunable vacuum ultraviolet light source. The D-atom action spectrum of the [Formula: see text](010) ← [Formula: see text](000) band and the corresponding time-of-flight (TOF) spectra of D-atom photoproducts formed following the excitation of D2O to individual rotational transition have been measured. By comparison with the action spectrum of the [Formula: see text](000) ← [Formula: see text](000) band, the bending vibrational constant of the [Formula: see text] state for D2O can be determined to be v2 = 1041.37 ± 0.71 cm−1. From the TOF spectra, the product kinetic energy spectra, the vibrational state distributions of OD products, and the state resolved anisotropy parameters have been determined. The experimental results indicate a dramatic variation in the OD product state distributions for different rotational excitations. This illuminates that there are two distinctive coupling channels from the [Formula: see text](010) state to the low-lying electronic states: the homogeneous electronic coupling to the Ã1B1 state, resulting in vibrationally hot OD(X) products, and the Coriolis-type coupling to the [Formula: see text]1A1 state, producing vibrationally cold but rotationally hot OD(X) and OD(A) products. Furthermore, the three-body dissociation channel is confirmed, which is attributed to the [Formula: see text] → 1A2 or [Formula: see text] → Ã pathway. In comparison with the previous results of D2O photolysis via the [Formula: see text](000) state, it is found that the v2 vibration of the parent molecule enhances both the vibrational and rotational excitations of OD products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Wu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311231, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhaoxue Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311231, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Su’e Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311231, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yarui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuaikang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shengrui Yu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311231, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Ashfold MNR, Kim SK. Non-Born-Oppenheimer effects in molecular photochemistry: an experimental perspective. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2022; 380:20200376. [PMID: 35341307 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-adiabatic couplings between Born-Oppenheimer (BO)-derived potential energy surfaces are now recognized as pivotal in describing the non-radiative decay of electronically excited molecules following photon absorption. This opinion piece illustrates how non-BO effects provide photostability to many biomolecules when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, yet in many other cases are key to facilitating 'reactive' outcomes like isomerization and bond fission. The examples are presented in order of decreasing molecular complexity, spanning studies of organic sunscreen molecules in solution, through two families of heteroatom containing aromatic molecules and culminating with studies of isolated gas phase H2O molecules that afford some of the most detailed insights yet available into the cascade of non-adiabatic couplings that enable the evolution from photoexcited molecule to eventual products. This article is part of the theme issue 'Chemistry without the Born-Oppenheimer approximation'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sang Kyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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8
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Zhang S, Wu Y, Zhang Z, Luo Z, Zhao Y, Li Z, Chang Y, Yang J, Wu G, Zhang W, Yu S, Yuan K, Yang X. Photodissociation dynamics of CO2 + hv → CO(X1Σ+) + O(1D2) via the 3P1Πu state. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:054302. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0081489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Su’e Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxue Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yarui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengrui Yu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou 311231, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation dynamics of OCS via the F Rydberg state: The S( 3P J=2,1,0) product channels. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2112271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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The adiabatic potential energy surfaces and photodissociation mechanisms for highly excited states of H 2O. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2111241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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11
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Vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen production from the water photochemistry. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6303. [PMID: 34728635 PMCID: PMC8563719 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrationally excited molecular hydrogen has been commonly observed in the dense photo-dominated regions (PDRs). It plays an important role in understanding the chemical evolution in the interstellar medium. Until recently, it was widely accepted that vibrational excitation of interstellar H2 was achieved by shock wave or far-ultraviolet fluorescence pumping. Here we show a further pathway to produce vibrationally excited H2 via the water photochemistry. The results indicate that the H2 fragments identified in the O(1S) + H2(X1Σg+) channel following vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodissociation of H2O in the wavelength range of λ = ~100-112 nm are vibrationally excited. In particular, more than 90% of H2(X) fragments populate in a vibrational state v = 3 at λ~112.81 nm. The abundance of water and VUV photons in the interstellar space suggests that the contributions of these vibrationally excited H2 from the water photochemistry could be significant and should be recognized in appropriate interstellar chemistry models.
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12
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Rotational and nuclear-spin level dependent photodissociation dynamics of H 2S. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4459. [PMID: 34294710 PMCID: PMC8298612 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24782-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The detailed features of molecular photochemistry are key to understanding chemical processes enabled by non-adiabatic transitions between potential energy surfaces. But even in a small molecule like hydrogen sulphide (H2S), the influence of non-adiabatic transitions is not yet well understood. Here we report high resolution translational spectroscopy measurements of the H and S(1D) photoproducts formed following excitation of H2S to selected quantum levels of a Rydberg state with 1B1 electronic symmetry at wavelengths λ ~ 139.1 nm, revealing rich photofragmentation dynamics. Analysis reveals formation of SH(X), SH(A), S(3P) and H2 co-fragments, and in the diatomic products, inverted internal state population distributions. These nuclear dynamics are rationalised in terms of vibronic and rotational dependent predissociations, with relative probabilities depending on the parent quantum level. The study suggests likely formation routes for the S atoms attributed to solar photolysis of H2S in the coma of comets like C/1995 O1 and C/2014 Q2. The photodissociation dynamics of small molecules in the vacuum ultraviolet range can have key implications for astrochemical modelling, but revealing such dynamical details is a challenging task. Here the authors, combining high resolution experimental techniques, provide a detailed description of the fragmentation dynamics of selected rotational levels of a predissociated Rydberg state of H2S.
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13
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Han S, Sun G, Zheng X, Song Y, Dawes R, Xie D, Zhang J, Guo H. Rotational Modulation of Ã2A″-State Photodissociation of HCO via Renner-Teller Nonadiabatic Transitions. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:6582-6588. [PMID: 34242507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
By examining the product-state distribution of a prototypical nonadiabatic predissociation system, HCO(Ã2A″-X̃2A'), we demonstrate that the dissociation dynamics is strongly modulated by parent rotational quantum numbers. The predissociation of the nominal (νC-H = 0, νbend, νC-O = 1) vibronic levels of the Ã2A″ state surprisingly gives rise to both vibrational ground and excited states of the CO product, despite the assumed spectator nature of the CO moiety. This anomaly is attributed to the dependence of the lifetime of the vibronic resonance facilitated by the Renner-Teller interaction on the parent rotational angular momentum quantum numbers coupled with transient intensity borrowing from nearby vibronic resonances with νC-O = 0. This unique phenomenon is a purely quantum mechanical behavior that has no classical analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanyu Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Ge Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Xianfeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectric Materials Science and Technology, Department of Physics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard Dawes
- Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jingsong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
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14
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Luo Z, Zhao Y, Chen Z, Chang Y, Zhang SE, Wu Y, Yang J, Cheng Y, Che L, Wu G, Xie D, Yang X, Yuan K. Strong isotope effect in the VUV photodissociation of HOD: A possible origin of D/H isotope heterogeneity in the solar nebula. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/30/eabg7775. [PMID: 34290097 PMCID: PMC8294749 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg7775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The deuterium versus hydrogen (D/H) isotopic ratios are important to understand the source of water on Earth and other terrestrial planets. However, the determinations of D/H ratios suggest a hydrogen isotopic diversity in the planetary objects of the solar system. Photochemistry has been suggested as one source of this isotope heterogeneity. Here, we have revealed the photodissociation features of the water isotopologue (HOD) at λ = 120.8 to 121.7 nm. The results show different quantum state populations of OH and OD fragments from HOD photodissociation, suggesting strong isotope effect. The branching ratios of H + OD and D + OH channels display large isotopic fractionation, with ratios of 0.70 ± 0.10 at 121.08 nm and 0.49 ± 0.10 at 121.6 nm. Because water is abundant in the solar nebula, photodissociation of HOD should be an alternative source of the D/H isotope heterogeneity. This isotope effect must be considered in the photochemical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Luo
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yarui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Su-E Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yucheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, China
| | - Li Che
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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15
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Luo Z, Chang Y, Zhao Y, Yang J, Chen Z, Cheng Y, Che L, Wu G, Yang X, Yuan K. Photodissociation Dynamics of H 2O via the Ẽ' ( 1B 2) Electronic State. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3622-3630. [PMID: 33891426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of H2O via the Ẽ'1B2 state were studied using the high-resolution H atom photofragment translational spectroscopy method, in combination with the tunable vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser (VUV FEL). The measured translational energy spectra allow us to determine the respective quantum state population distributions for the nascent OH(X2Π) and OH(A2Σ+) photofragments. Analyses of the quantum state population distributions show both the ground and electronically excited OH fragments to be formed with moderate vibrational excitation but with highly rotational excitation. Unlike the dissociation via the lower-lying electronic states, where OH(X) is the major fragment, the OH(A) products are predominant via the Ẽ' state. These products are mainly ascribed to a fast dissociation on the B̃1A1 state surface after nonadiabatic transitions from the initial excited Ẽ' state to the B̃ state. Meanwhile, another dissociation pathway from the Ẽ' state to the 1B2 3pb2 state, followed by coupling to the 1A2 3pb2 state, is also observed, which yields the OH(X) + H and O(3P) + 2H products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Luo
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yarui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cheng
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Li Che
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dalian Coherent Light Source, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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16
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Three body photodissociation of the water molecule and its implications for prebiotic oxygen production. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2476. [PMID: 33931653 PMCID: PMC8087761 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The provenance of oxygen on the Earth and other planets in the Solar System is a fundamental issue. It has been widely accepted that the only prebiotic pathway to produce oxygen in the Earth’s primitive atmosphere was via vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photodissociation of CO2 and subsequent two O atom recombination. Here, we provide experimental evidence of three-body dissociation (TBD) of H2O to produce O atoms in both 1D and 3P states upon VUV excitation using a tunable VUV free electron laser. Experimental results show that the TBD is the dominant pathway in the VUV H2O photochemistry at wavelengths between 90 and 107.4 nm. The relative abundance of water in the interstellar space with its exposure to the intense VUV radiation suggests that the TBD of H2O and subsequent O atom recombination should be an important prebiotic O2-production, which may need to be incorporated into interstellar photochemical models. Three-body dissociation of water, producing one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms, has been difficult to investigate due to the lack of intense vacuum ultraviolet sources. Here, using a tunable free-electron laser, the authors obtain quantum yields for this channel showing that it is a possible route to prebiotic oxygen formation in interstellar environments.
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17
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Lu L, Wildman A, Jenkins AJ, Young L, Clark AE, Li X. The "Hole" Story in Ionized Water from the Perspective of Ehrenfest Dynamics. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9946-9951. [PMID: 33170721 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The radiolysis of liquid water and the radiation-matter interactions that happen in aqueous environments are important to the fields of chemistry, materials, and environmental sciences, as well as the biological and physiological response to extreme conditions and medical treatments. The initial stage of radiolysis is the ultrafast response, or hole dynamics, that triggers chemical processes within complex energetic landscapes that may include reactivity. A fundamental understanding necessitates the use of theoretical methods that are capable of simulating both ultrafast coherence and non-adiabatic energy transfer pathways. In this work, we carry out an ab initio Ehrenfest dynamics study to provide a more complete description of the ultrafast dynamics and reactive events initiated by photoionization of water. After sudden ionization, a range of processes, including hole trapping and transfer, large OH oscillations, proton transfer and subsequent relay, formation of the metastable Zundel complex, and long-lived coherence, are identified and new insight into their driving forces is elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Andrew Wildman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Andrew J Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Linda Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Aurora E Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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18
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Chang Y, Li Q, An F, Luo Z, Zhao Y, Yu Y, He Z, Chen Z, Che L, Ding H, Zhang W, Wu G, Hu X, Xie D, Plane JMC, Feng W, Western CM, Ashfold MNR, Yuan K, Yang X. Water Photolysis and Its Contributions to the Hydroxyl Dayglow Emissions in the Atmospheres of Earth and Mars. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:9086-9092. [PMID: 33047964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Airglow is a well-known phenomenon in the Earth's upper atmosphere, which arises from the emissions of energetic atoms and molecules. The Meinel band emission from high vibrationally excited OH(X) radicals is one of the more important contributors to the airglow from the mesosphere/lower thermosphere. The H + O3 reaction has long been regarded as the dominant source of these OH(X, high v) radicals. Here we demonstrate that vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photolysis of water vapor at λ ∼ 112.8 nm represents another source of exceptionally highly vibrationally excited OH(X) radicals, with a nascent vibrational state population distribution that maximizes at v = 9 and extends to at least the v = 15 level. Atmospheric chemistry modeling indicates that OH(X, high v) radicals from H2O photolysis might be detectable in the OH Meinel band dayglow in the upper atmosphere of Earth and should dominate the corresponding emission from the Martian atmosphere. VUV photolysis of H2O also produces electronically excited OH(A) radicals, and simultaneous detection of emissions from OH(X, high v) and OH(A) is shown to offer a route to identifying high-oxygen exoplanetary atmospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Feng An
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Yarui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Chinese Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhigang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Li Che
- School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Ding
- School of Physics, Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams, Chinese Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xixi Hu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - John M C Plane
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Wuhu Feng
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science and School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Colin M Western
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | | | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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19
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Chang Y, An F, Li Q, Luo Z, Che L, Yang J, Chen Z, Zhang W, Wu G, Hu X, Xie D, Yuan K, Yang X. Electronically Excited OH Super-rotors from Water Photodissociation by Using Vacuum Ultraviolet Free-Electron Laser Pulses. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7617-7623. [PMID: 32830973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The fragmentation dynamics of water in a superexcited state play an important role in the ionosphere of the planets and in the photodissociation region (PDR) of the planetary nebula. In this Letter, we experimentally study the fragmentation dynamics of H2O with the energy above its ionization potential initiated by vacuum ultraviolet free-electron laser pulses. The experimental results indicate that the binary fragmentation channels H + OH and the triple channels O + 2H both present at 96.4 nm photolysis. Electronically excited OH super-rotors (v = 0, N ≥ 36, or v = 1, N ≥ 34), with the internal energy just above the OH (A) dissociation energy, are observed for the first time, which are only supported by the large centrifugal barriers. An absolute cross section of these super-rotors is estimated to be 0.7(±0.3) × 10-18 cm2. The tunnelling rates of these extremely rotationally excited states are also analyzed. This work shows a spectacular example of energy transfer from a photon to fragment rotation through photodissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Feng An
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Li Che
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, P. R. China
| | - Jiayue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xixi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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20
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Chang Y, He ZG, Luo ZJ, Zhou JM, Zhang ZG, Chen ZC, Yang JY, Yu Y, Li QM, Che L, Wu GR, Wang XA, Yang XM, Yuan KJ. Application of laser dispersion method in apparatus combining H atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique with vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhi-gang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zi-jie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Jia-mi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhi-guo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Informatics of Anhui Higher Education Institutions and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236041, China
| | - Zhi-chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jia-yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qin-ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Li Che
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Guo-rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xing-an Wang
- Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xue-ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kai-jun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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21
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Ultraviolet photolysis of H 2S and its implications for SH radical production in the interstellar medium. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1547. [PMID: 32210241 PMCID: PMC7093389 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide radicals in the ground state, SH(X), and hydrogen disulfide molecules, H2S, are both detected in the interstellar medium, but the returned SH(X)/H2S abundance ratios imply a depletion of the former relative to that predicted by current models (which assume that photon absorption by H2S at energies below the ionization limit results in H + SH photoproducts). Here we report that translational spectroscopy measurements of the H atoms and S(1D) atoms formed by photolysis of jet-cooled H2S molecules at many wavelengths in the range 122 ≤ λ ≤155 nm offer a rationale for this apparent depletion; the quantum yield for forming SH(X) products, Γ, decreases from unity (at the longest excitation wavelengths) to zero at short wavelengths. Convoluting the wavelength dependences of Γ, the H2S parent absorption and the interstellar radiation field implies that only ~26% of photoexcitation events result in SH(X) products. The findings suggest a need to revise the relevant astrochemical models. Sulfur is abundant in the Universe, but the observed abundance ratio of SH to H2S doesn’t agree with astrochemical models. The authors measure product state-resolved translational energy spectra of photoproducts in a jet-cooled H2S beam as a function of wavelength, showing that SH yield is lower than assumed in the models.
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22
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Chang Y, Zhou J, Luo Z, Chen Z, He Z, Yu S, Che L, Wu G, Wang X, Yuan K, Yang X. Photodissociation dynamics of H 2O and D 2O via the D[combining tilde]( 1A 1) electronic state. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:4379-4386. [PMID: 31904071 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05321b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of H2O and D2O via the D[combining tilde] state by one-photon excitation have been investigated using the H/D atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique. The TOF spectra of the H/D-atom product in both parallel and perpendicular polarizations have been measured. Product translational energy distributions and angular distributions have been derived from TOF spectra. By simulating these distributions, quantum state distributions of the OH/OD product as well as the state-resolved angular anisotropy parameters were determined. The most important pathway of H2O/D2O dissociation via the D[combining tilde] state leads to highly rotationally excited OH/OD(X, v = 0) products, while vibrationally excited OH/OD products with v≥ 1 comprise only one third of the total OH/OD(X) population. The branching ratios of OH(A)/OH(X) and OD(A)/OD(X) have also been determined, 1.0/3.0 for H2O at 122.12 nm and 1.0/2.2 for D2O at 121.95 nm, which are reasonably consistent with the values predicted by the previous theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
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23
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Su S, Chen Z, Chen ZC, Wu GR, Dai DX, Yuan KJ, Yang XM. Ultraviolet photodissociation dynamics of DNCO + hν → D + NCO: Two competitive pathways. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1904074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guo-rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dong-xu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kai-jun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xue-ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
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24
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Chang Y, Chen Z, Zhou J, Luo Z, He Z, Wu G, Ashfold MNR, Yuan K, Yang X. Striking Isotopologue-Dependent Photodissociation Dynamics of Water Molecules: The Signature of an Accidental Resonance. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4209-4214. [PMID: 31295400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of the photofragmentation patterns of both light and heavy water at the state-to-state level are a prerequisite for any thorough understanding of chemical processing and isotope heterogeneity in the interstellar medium. Here we reveal dynamical features of the dissociation of water molecules following excitation to the C̃(010) state using a tunable vacuum ultraviolet source in combination with the high-resolution H(D)-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique. The action spectra for forming H(D) atoms and the OH(OD) product state distributions resulting from excitation to the C̃(010) states of H2O and D2O both show striking differences, which are attributable to the effects of an isotopologue-specific accidental resonance. Such accidental-resonance-induced state mixing may contribute to the D/H isotope heterogeneity in the solar system. The present study provides an excellent example of competitive state-to-state nonadiabatic decay pathways involving at least five electronic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Jiami Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Zijie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Zhigang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Michael N R Ashfold
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TS , United Kingdom
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road , Dalian 116023 , China
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25
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Stetina TF, Sun S, Lingerfelt DB, Clark A, Li X. The Role of Excited-State Proton Relays in the Photochemical Dynamics of Water Nanodroplets. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3694-3698. [PMID: 31091108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we applied nonadiabatic excited-state molecular dynamics in tandem with ab initio electronic structure theory to illustrate a complete mechanistic landscape underpinning the ultraviolet absorption-initiated photochemical dynamics in water nanodroplets. The goal is to understand the nonequilibrium excited-state molecular dynamics initiated by the relaxation of a solvated photoelectron and consequential photochemical processes. The lowest-lying excited state shows the proton dissociation for a single water molecule forming intermediate hydronium complexes through a proton relay. At approximately 100 fs, the proton relay process gives rise to the relaxation of the excited state accompanied by a rapid increase in the nonadiabatic coupling strength with the ground state, and the nanodroplet nonradiatively decays. The nonadiabatic transition to the ground state produces excited vibrational states that facilitate the recombination of the dissociated proton and hydroxyl group, eventually leading to the desorption of water molecules from the nanodroplet. Additionally, lifetimes of transient photochemical events are also resolved for the relaxation of a solvated electron, excited-state proton relay, and nonradiative transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torin F Stetina
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Shichao Sun
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - David B Lingerfelt
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Aurora Clark
- Department of Chemistry , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington 99164 , United States
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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26
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Hydroxyl super rotors from vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation of water. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1250. [PMID: 30890696 PMCID: PMC6424997 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09176-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyl radicals (OH) play a central role in the interstellar medium. Here, we observe highly rotationally excited OH radicals with energies above the bond dissociation energy, termed OH "super rotors", from the vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation of water. The most highly excited OH(X) super rotors identified at 115.2 nm photolysis have an internal energy of 4.86 eV. A striking enhancement in the yield of vibrationally-excited OH super rotors is detected when exciting the bending vibration of the water molecule. Theoretical analysis shows that bending excitation enhances the probability of non-adiabatic coupling between the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] states of water at collinear O-H-H geometries following fast internal conversion from the initially excited [Formula: see text] state. The present study illustrates a route to produce extremely rotationally excited OH(X) radicals from vacuum ultraviolet water photolysis, which may be related to the production of the highly rotationally excited OH(X) radicals observed in the interstellar medium.
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27
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Yang DY, Min YJ, Chen Z, He ZG, Chen ZC, Yuan KJ, Dai DX, Wu GR, Yang XM. Ultrafast dynamics of water molecules excited to electronic F̃ states: A time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp1811243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan-jun Min
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-gang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhi-chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kai-jun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dong-xu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guo-rong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xue-ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023, China
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28
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Min Y, Yang D, He Z, Chen Z, Yuan K, Dai D, Wu G, Yang X. Ultrafast decay dynamics of water molecules excited to electronic D̃′ and D̃′′ states: a time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15040-15045. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01644a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ultrafast decay dynamics of water molecules excited to D̃′ and D̃′′ states is studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Min
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Dongyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Zhigang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Dongxu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
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29
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Ashfold MNR, Yuan K, Yang X. Perspective: The development and applications of H Rydberg atom translational spectroscopy methods. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:080901. [PMID: 30193478 DOI: 10.1063/1.5047911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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30
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Wang H, Yu Y, Chang Y, Su S, Yu S, Li Q, Tao K, Ding H, Yang J, Wang G, Che L, He Z, Chen Z, Wang X, Zhang W, Dai D, Wu G, Yuan K, Yang X. Photodissociation dynamics of H 2O at 111.5 nm by a vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:124301. [PMID: 29604834 DOI: 10.1063/1.5022108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of H2O via the F̃ state at 111.5 nm were investigated using the high resolution H-atom Rydberg "tagging" time-of-flight (TOF) technique, in combination with the tunable vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser at the Dalian Coherent Light Source. The product translational energy distributions and angular distributions in both parallel and perpendicular directions were derived from the recorded TOF spectra. Based on these distributions, the quantum state distributions and angular anisotropy parameters of OH (X) and OH (A) products have been determined. For the OH (A) + H channel, highly rotationally excited OH (A) products have been observed. These products are ascribed to a fast direct dissociation on the B̃1A1 state surface after multi-step internal conversions from the initial excited F̃ state to the B̃ state. While for the OH (X) + H channel, very highly rotationally excited OH (X) products with moderate vibrational excitation are revealed and attributed to the dissociation via a nonadiabatic pathway through the well-known two conical intersections between the B̃-state and the X̃-state surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heilong Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengrui Yu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311231, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jaiyue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanglei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Che
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingan Wang
- Center for Advanced Chemical Physics (iChEM, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People's Republic of China
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31
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Chang Y, Yu S, Li Q, Yu Y, Wang H, Su S, Chen Z, Che L, Wang X, Zhang W, Dai D, Wu G, Yuan K, Yang X. Tunable VUV photochemistry using vacuum ultraviolet free electron laser combined with H-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2018; 89:063113. [PMID: 29960519 DOI: 10.1063/1.5017757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we describe an experimental setup for studying tunable vacuum ultraviolet photochemistry using the H-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique. In this apparatus, two vacuum ultraviolet laser beams were used: one is generated by using a nonlinear four-wave mixing scheme in a Kr gas cell and fixed at 121.6 nm wavelength to probe the H-atom product through the Lyman α transition and the other beam, produced by a seeded free electron laser facility, can be continuously tunable for photodissociating molecules in the wavelength range of 50-150 nm with extremely high brightness. Preliminary results on the H2O photodissociation in the 4d (000) Rydberg state are reported here. These results suggest that the experimental setup is a powerful tool for investigating photodissociation dynamics in the vacuum ultraviolet region for molecules involving H-atom elimination processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengrui Yu
- Hangzhou Institute of Advanced Studies, Zhejiang Normal University, 1108 Gengwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311231, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Heilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Che
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Department of Chemical Physics, Center for Advanced Chemical Physics (iChEM, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road 96, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, People's Republic of China
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32
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Hu X, Zhou L, Xie D. State-to-state photodissociation dynamics of the water molecule. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Hu
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
| | - Linsen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology; University of New Mexico; Albuquerque NM USA
| | - Daiqian Xie
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing China
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33
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He Z, Yang D, Chen Z, Yuan K, Dai D, Wu G, Yang X. An accidental resonance mediated predissociation pathway of water molecules excited to the electronic C̃ state. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:29795-29800. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06286a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Accidental resonance enhances the predissociation of the C̃(010) state of H2O.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Dongyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Dongxu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Dalian 116023
- China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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34
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Su S, Wang H, Chen Z, Yu S, Dai D, Yuan K, Yang X. Photodissociation dynamics of HOD via the B̃ ((1)A1) electronic state. J Chem Phys 2016; 143:184302. [PMID: 26567657 DOI: 10.1063/1.4935170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of HOD from the B̃ state has been studied using H/D atom Rydberg "tagging" time-of-flight technique. Both the OD + H and OH + D channels have been investigated. Product kinetic energy distributions, internal state distributions of the OD/OH product, as well as the OD/OH quantum state specific angular anisotropy parameters have been determined. Overall, the photodissociation dynamics of HOD via the B̃ state is qualitatively similar to that of the H2O and D2O, with quantitative differences arising probably from the change in masses. At different photolysis energies, similar rovibrational distributions and state-resolved angular distributions have been observed for the OH/OD(X) product, while remarkable differences have been observed in the rovibrational distributions and state-resolved angular distributions of the OH/OD(A) product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hongzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shengrui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dongxu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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35
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Wang H, Yu S, Su S, Dai D, Yuan K, Yang X. Photodissociation Dynamics of Diacetylene Rydberg States. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:11313-9. [PMID: 26492566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b08865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The state-selective photodissociation of diacetylene (C4H2) was studied in the wavelength range of 127.5-164.4 nm by high-resolution Rydberg H atom time-of-flight spectroscopy measurements. In the wavelength region, two Rydberg series nR and nR' were state-selectively excited using tunable vacuum-ultraviolet laser radiation. In all photolysis wavelengths, two decay channels with different dissociation dynamics were observed. In one channel, the characteristic and isotropic translational energy distributions with a peak around 1800 cm(-1) can be found, suggesting statistical dissociation through internal conversion (IC) from the Rydberg state to the ground state and then dissociation on the ground-state surface. In contrast to this, in the second channel, nonstatistical and anisotropic translational energy distributions were observed, possibly through IC to the excited repulsive state. The vibrational progressions of C4H (A(2)Π) products have also been observed and assigned to the CCC bend and C≡C stretch progressions in the second channel at 3R Rydberg states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shengrui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shu Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dongxu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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36
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Yu S, Su S, Dai D, Yuan K, Yang X. State-to-state dynamics of high-n Rydberg H-atom scattering with H2: inelastic scattering and reactive scattering. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:9659-65. [PMID: 25162182 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp02734e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The state-to-state dynamics of high-n Rydberg H-atom scattering with para-H2 at the collision energies of 0.45 and 1.07 eV have been studied using the H-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique. Both the inelastic scattering and reactive scattering are observed in the experimental time-of-flight spectra. The products H2(v', j' = odd) come only from reactive scattering and present clearly forward-backward asymmetric angular distributions, which differ from those of the corresponding ion-molecule reaction. The products H2(v', j' = even), however, come from both reactive scattering and inelastic scattering. Simulating the rotational distribution from reactive scattering, we found that most of the H2(v', j' = even) products come from inelastic scattering. The angular distributions of the product H2(v', j' = even) are consistent with what is predicted by the conventional textbook mechanism of inelastic scattering, and are a little different from those of the corresponding ion-molecule inelastic scattering. These results suggest that the effect of Rydberg electron could not be neglected in describing the differential cross sections of H* + para-H2 scattering. From the simulation, the branching ratios of the inelastic scattering channel were determined to be 66% and 79% at the collision energies of 0.45 and 1.07 eV, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
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37
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Grady N, Pitz RW. Vibrationally excited hydroxyl tagging velocimetry. APPLIED OPTICS 2014; 53:7182-7188. [PMID: 25402874 DOI: 10.1364/ao.53.007182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new molecular-based velocity method is developed for high-temperature flame gases based on the hydroxyl tagging velocimetry (HTV) technique. In vibrationally excited HTV (VE-HTV), two photons from a KrF laser (248 nm) dissociate H2O into a tag line of vibrationally excited OH (v=1). The excited state OH tag is selectively detected in a background of naturally occurring ground state OH (v=0). In atmospheric pressure laboratory burners, the OH (v=1) tag persists for 5-10 μs, allowing single-shot velocity measurements along a 2 cm line under lean, stoichiometric, and rich flame conditions with temperatures reaching 2300 K. Mean velocity measurements are demonstrated in a lean (ϕ=0.78) premixed H2/air turbulent flame (Re=26,550) laboratory flame. The VE-HTV method is best suited to measure high-speed velocities in hot combustion environments in the presence of background OH.
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38
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Yu S, Su S, Dai D, Yuan K, Yang X. Vacuum ultraviolet photodissociation dynamics of isocyanic acid: the hydrogen elimination channel. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:13564-71. [PMID: 24041201 DOI: 10.1021/jp407556k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of the H-atom channel from HNCO photolysis between 124 and 137 nm have been studied using the H-atom Rydberg tagging time-of-flight technique. Product translational energy distributions and angular distributions have been determined. Two dissociation channels, H + NCO (X(2)Π) and H + NCO(A(2)Σ(+)), have been observed. The former channel involves two different dissociation pathways; one is a slow predissociation pathway through internal conversion from the excited state to the S0 state, and the other is a fast predissociation pathway through internal conversion from the excited state to the S1 state. The latter channel dominates by a prompt dissociation via coupling to the S2 state. As the photon energy increases, dissociation on the ground state S0 becomes dominant. Vibrational structures are observed in both the NCO(X) and NCO(A) channels, which can be assigned to the bending mode excitation with some stretching vibrational excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China
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39
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Yu S, Su S, Zhang Y, Dai D, Yuan K, Yang X. Photodissociation dynamics of C4H2 at 164.41 nm: competitive dissociation pathways. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:124307. [PMID: 24089767 DOI: 10.1063/1.4821767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodissociation dynamics of C4H2 at 164.41 nm through the Rydberg state R((1)Σu) have been studied using the high-resolution H atom Rydberg tagging technique. Experimental evidences show that two different predissociation pathways exist to form the ground C4H (X(2)Σ(+)) and electronically excited C4H (A(2)Π) products: the former has statistical and isotropic translational energy distribution through internal conversion (IC) to the ground state, while the latter has non-statistical and anisotropic translational energy distribution through IC to the excited repulsive state. The vibrational progressions of C4H (A(2)Π) products have also been observed and assigned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Yu
- State key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023, China
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YANG YANG, LIU RUI, WAN RENZHUO, YANG MINGHUI. SEVEN-DIMENSIONAL QUANTUM DYNAMICS STUDY OF THE H2 + NH2 → H + NH3 REACTION ON AN INTERPOLATED POTENTIAL ENERGY SURFACE. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633613500545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Initial-state-selected time-dependent wave packet dynamics studies have been performed for the H 2 + NH 2 → H + NH 3 reaction with a seven-dimensional model on a new interpolated ab initio potential energy surface (PES). The PES is constructed using modified Shepard interpolation Scheme and contains 1967 data points with ab initio calculations carried out on UCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ level. In the seven-dimensional model, NH 2 group keeps C2v symmetry and two NH bonds are fixed at their equilibrium values. The total reaction probabilities are calculated when (1) the two reactants are initially at their ground states; (2) NH 2 bending mode is excited, and (3) H 2 is on its first vibrational excited state. The integral cross sections are also reported for these initial states with centrifugal-sudden approximation. Thermal rate constants are calculated for the temperature range of 200–2000 K and compared with the previous calculated values and available experimental data. Good agreements between theory and experiments for the rate constants at intermediate temperature are achieved on this PES.
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Affiliation(s)
- YANG YANG
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - RUI LIU
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - RENZHUO WAN
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
- School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, P. R. China
| | - MINGHUI YANG
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
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Yu S, Su S, Dorenkamp Y, Wodtke AM, Dai D, Yuan K, Yang X. Competition between Direct and Indirect Dissociation Pathways in Ultraviolet Photodissociation of HNCO. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11673-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp312793k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengrui Yu
- State key Laboratory of Molecular
Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian
116023, China
| | - Shu Su
- State key Laboratory of Molecular
Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian
116023, China
| | - Yvonne Dorenkamp
- Institut
fur Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universitat and Max-Planck-Institut fur biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Alec M. Wodtke
- Institut
fur Physikalische Chemie, Georg-August-Universitat and Max-Planck-Institut fur biophysikalische Chemie, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Dongxu Dai
- State key Laboratory of Molecular
Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian
116023, China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State key Laboratory of Molecular
Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian
116023, China
| | - Xueming Yang
- State key Laboratory of Molecular
Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian
116023, China
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42
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Dixon RN, Oliver TAA, Cheng L, Cheng Y, Yuan K, Yang X. Vibronically induced decay paths from the C̃1B1-state of water and its isotopomers. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:104306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4794158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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43
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Jiang B, Xie D, Guo H. State-to-state photodissociation dynamics of triatomic molecules: H2O in the B band. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:034302. [PMID: 22280755 DOI: 10.1063/1.3676725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
State-to-state photodissociation dynamics of H(2)O in its B band has been investigated quantum mechanically on a new set of non-adiabatically coupled potential energy surfaces for the lowest two (1)A' states of H(2)O, which are developed at the internally contracted multi-reference configuration interaction level with the aug-cc-pVQZ basis set. Quantum dynamical calculations carried out using the Chebyshev propagator yield absorption spectra, product state distributions, branching ratios, and differential cross sections, which are in reasonably good agreement with the latest experimental results. Particular focus is placed here on the dependence of various dynamical observables on the photon energy. Detailed analyses of the dynamics have assigned the diffuse structure in absorption spectrum to short-time recurring dynamics near the HOH conical intersection. The non-adiabatic dissociation to the ground state OH product via the HOH conical intersection is facile, direct, fast, and produces rotationally hot OH(X̃) products. On the other hand, the adiabatic channel on the excited state leading to the OH(Ã) product is dominated by long-lived resonances, which depend sensitively on the potential energy surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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44
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Jiang B, Xie D, Guo H. Communication: State-to-state differential cross sections for H2O(B̃) photodissociation. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:231103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3604567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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45
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Yang CH, Sarma G, Parker DH, ter Meulen JJ, Wiesenfeld L. State-to-state differential and relative integral cross sections for rotationally inelastic scattering of H2O by hydrogen. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:204308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3589360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Yuan K, Dixon RN, Yang X. Photochemistry of the water molecule: adiabatic versus nonadiabatic dynamics. Acc Chem Res 2011; 44:369-78. [PMID: 21428277 DOI: 10.1021/ar100153g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Water and light are two common constituents of both the earth's atmosphere and interstellar space. Consequently, water photodissociation is a central component of the chemistry of these environments. Electronically excited molecules can dissociate adiabatically (on a single potential energy surface, or PES) or nonadiabatically (with transfer between PESs), and water serves as a prototype for understanding these two processes in unimolecular dissociation. In recent years, extensive experimental and theoretical studies have been focused on water photolysis, particularly on the primary product of the dissociation, the OH radical. The use of the high-resolution H-atom Rydberg tagging technique, in combination with various vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) sources, has spurred significant advances in water photochemistry. As the excitation energy increases, different excited electronic states of water can be reached, and the mutual interactions between these states increase significantly. In this Account, we present the most recent developments in water photodissociation that have been derived from the study of the four lowest electronic excited states. The Ã(1)B(1) state photodissociation of H(2)O has been studied at 157.6 nm and was found to be a fast and direct dissociation process on a single repulsive surface, with only vibrational excitation of the OH(X(2)Π) product. In contrast, the dissociation of the B̃(1)A(1) state was found to proceed via two main routes: one adiabatic pathway leading to OH(A(2)Σ(+)) + H, and one nonadiabatic pathway to OH(X(2)Π) + H through conical intersections between the B̃ state and the ground state X̃(1)A(1). An interesting quantum interference between two conical intersection pathways has also been observed. In addition, photodissociation of H(2)O between 128 and 133 nm has been studied with tunable VUV radiation. Experimental results illustrate that excitation to the different unstable resonances of the state has very different effects on the OH(X(2)Π) and OH(A(2)Σ(+)) product channels. The C̃(1)B(1) state of H(2)O is a predissociative Rydberg state with fully resolved rotational structures. A striking variation in the OH product state distribution and its stereodynamics has been observed for different rotational states. There are two kinds of nonadiabatic dissociation routes on the C̃ state. The first involves Renner-Teller (electronic Coriolis) coupling to the B̃ state, leading to rotationally hot and vibrationally cold OH products. The second goes through a newly discovered homogeneous nonadiabatic coupling to the à state, leading to rotationally cold and vibrationally hot OH products. But the D̃(1)A(1) state shows no rotational structure and leads to a fast, homogeneous, purely electronic predissociation to the B̃ state. These studies demonstrate the truly fascinating nature of water photochemistry, which is extremely variable because of the different electronic states and their interactions. The results also provide a rather complete picture of water photochemistry and should be helpful in the modeling of interstellar chemistry, with its abundant VUV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Richard N. Dixon
- School of Chemistry,University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Xueming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
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Cheng LN, Cheng Y, Yuan KJ, Guo Q, Wang T, Dai DX, Yang XM. Photodissociation of HOD via the C̃1B 1State: OD/OH Branching Ratio and OD Bond Dissociation Energy. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1088/1674-0068/24/02/129-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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48
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Cheng Y, Cheng L, Guo Q, Yuan K, Dai D, Yang X. Photodissociation dynamics of D2O via the B̃(A11) electronic state. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:104305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3555589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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49
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Rocher-Casterline BE, Mollner AK, Ch’ng LC, Reisler H. Imaging H2O Photofragments in the Predissociation of the HCl−H2O Hydrogen-Bonded Dimer. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:6903-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp112024s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Blithe E. Rocher-Casterline
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Andrew K. Mollner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Lee C. Ch’ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
| | - Hanna Reisler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0482, United States
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50
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Cheng Y, Yuan K, Cheng L, Guo Q, Dai D, Yang X. Photodissociation dynamics of H2O: Effect of unstable resonances on the B̃1A1 electronic state. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:064301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3554213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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