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Rana MS, Xu L, Cai J, Vedarethinam V, Tang Y, Guo Q, Huang H, Shen N, Di W, Ding H, Huang L, Qian K. Zirconia Hybrid Nanoshells for Nutrient and Toxin Detection. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2003902. [PMID: 33107195 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202003902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring milk quality is of fundamental importance in food industry, because of the nutritional value and resulting position of milk in daily diet. The detection of small nutrients and toxins in milk is challenging, considering high sample complexity and low analyte abundance. In addition, the slow analysis and tedious sample preparation hinder the large-scale application of conventional detection techniques. Herein, zirconia hybrid nanoshells are constructed to enhance the performance of laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS). Zirconia nanoshells with the optimized structures and compositions are used as matrices in LDI MS and achieve direct analysis of small molecules from 5 nL of native milk in ≈1 min, without any purification or separation. Accurate quantitation of small nutrient is achieved by introducing isotope into the zirconia nanoshell-assisted LDI MS as the internal standard, offering good consistency to biochemical analysis (BCA) with R2 = 0.94. Further, trace toxin is enriched and identified with limit-of-detection (LOD) down to 4 pm, outperforming the current analytical methods. This work sheds light on the personalized design of material-based tool for real-case bioanalysis and opens up new opportunities for the simple, fast, and cost-effective detection of various small molecules in a broad field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sohel Rana
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Vadanasundari Vedarethinam
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjia Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Hongtao Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Nan Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- China-Australia Centre for Personalized Immunology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Futian Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Shenzhen, 518040, P. R. China
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Wen Di
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Huihua Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Institute of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Lin Huang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
| | - Kun Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, School of Biomedical Engineering, and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, P. R. China
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Moini M, Martinez B. Ultrafast capillary electrophoresis/mass spectrometry with adjustable porous tip for a rapid analysis of protein digest in about a minute. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:305-310. [PMID: 24375882 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE This paper introduces a novel ultrafast capillary electrophoresis (UFCE) mass spectrometry (MS) method comprised of a short (< 20 cm) and narrow (≤ 5 µm) capillary, with an integrated porous segment at the terminus of the capillary, for sheathless interfacing of CE to MS. The sheathless nature of the interface minimizes dead volume which is particularly important for ultrafast CE because of the small diameters of the capillaries. METHODS The separation voltage across the capillary was set to produce an electric field of ≥1000 V/cm to provide an analysis time of approximately 1 min. For the analysis of peptides and protein digests, a background electrolyte containing 0.1% cationic polymer (polybrene or Poly-E) in 0.1% acetic acid in water was used to prevent analyte-wall interaction. RESULTS Uniquely, the porous tip of the capillary is adjustable. This allows the porous tip to be pulled inside the sheath liquid for sample stacking during injection, or sample focusing in isoelectric focusing (IEF), or, alternatively, pushed outside of the sheath liquid for electrospray ionization (ESI). The adjustable interface preserves electrical conductivity during electrokinetic injection with reverse electro-osmotic flow. Therefore, pre-concentration of analytes at the capillary inlet is achieved without the need to disassemble the interface, improving the throughput. CONCLUSIONS As a proof of concept, the application of UFCE-MS was demonstrated by the analysis of a peptide mixture and a protein digest in ~1 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Moini
- Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian Institution, Suitland, MD, USA
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Powell PR, Paxon TL, Han KA, Ewing AG. Analysis of biogenic amine variability among individual fly heads with micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography-electrochemical detection. Anal Chem 2007; 77:6902-6908. [PMID: 16255588 PMCID: PMC1362073 DOI: 10.1021/ac050963m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neurochemical variability among individual Drosophila heads has been examined with the sensitivity of electrochemical detection and the selectivity of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography. Homogenization of single Drosophila heads in volumes as small as 100 nL has been accomplished. Here we demonstrate reproducible separations for single fly heads in 250-nL volumes providing a 4-fold increase in sensitivity without overloading the electrochemical detector. This increase in sensitivity allows detection of previously undetected analytes, such as N-acetyltyramine (naTA) and octopamine (OA). Analytes including L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, N-acetyl octopamine, N-acetyldopamine, naTA, N-acetylserotonin, OA, dopamine, tyramine, and serotonin also have been consistently identified in single-head homogenates and observed with homogenates representing populations of Drosophila. Neurochemical variation between individual flies as well as the consistency within a population indicates varying amounts of neurotransmitter turnover. The inception, design, and fabrication of a miniature tissue homogenizer has enabled the separation of biogenic amines and metabolites from these severely volume-limited single Drosophila head homogenates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula R Powell
- Department of Chemistry, 104 Chemistry Research Building, InterCollege Graduate Program in Genetics, and Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Tracy L Paxon
- Department of Chemistry, 104 Chemistry Research Building, InterCollege Graduate Program in Genetics, and Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Kyung-An Han
- Department of Chemistry, 104 Chemistry Research Building, InterCollege Graduate Program in Genetics, and Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Andrew G Ewing
- Department of Chemistry, 104 Chemistry Research Building, InterCollege Graduate Program in Genetics, and Department of Biology, 208 Mueller Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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Kasicka V. Recent developments in capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography of peptides. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:142-75. [PMID: 16307429 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The article gives a comprehensive review on the recent developments in the applications of high-performance capillary electromigration methods, zone electrophoresis, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography, to analysis, preparation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides. The article presents new approaches to the theoretical description and experimental verification of electromigration behavior of peptides, covers the methodological aspects of capillary electroseparations of peptides, such as rational selection of separation conditions, sample preparation, suppression of peptide adsorption, new developments in individual separation modes, and new designs of detection systems. Several types of applications of capillary electromigration methods to peptide analysis are presented: conventional qualitative and quantitative analysis, purity control, determination in biomatrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatical reactions and physical changes, amino acid and sequence analysis, and peptide mapping of proteins. Some examples of micropreparative peptide separations are given and capabilities of capillary electromigration techniques to provide important physicochemical characteristics of peptides are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Václav Kasicka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
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