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Yeom S, Oh J, Lee JS. Spreading-dependent or independent Sir2-mediated gene silencing in budding yeast. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:359-367. [PMID: 35034281 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a silent chromatin structure is formed at three distinct loci, including telomeres, rDNA, and mating-type loci, which silence the expression of genes within their structures. Sir2 is the only common factor, regulating the three silent chromatin regions. S. cerevisiae has 32 telomeres, but studies on gene silencing in budding yeast have been performed using some reporter genes, artificially inserted in the telomeric regions. Therefore, insights into the global landscape of Sir-dependent silencing of genes within the silent chromatin regions are required. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to obtain global insights into Sir2-dependent gene silencing on all silent chromatin regions in budding yeast. METHODS RNA-sequencing was performed to identify genes that are silenced by Sir2. By comparing with the chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) of Sir2 in the wild-type strain, we confirmed Sir2-regulated genes. RESULTS Using Sir2 ChIP-seq data, we identified that the Sir2 binding domain length caused by Sir2 spreading from the chromosomal end is different in each telomere in budding yeast. Expression of most subtelomeric genes increased in the ∆sir2 strain. Some Sir2-regulated subtelomeric genes were positioned within the telomeric Sir2-binding domain, while the others were outside the Sir2-binding domain. In addition, Sir2 was bound to the mating-type loci and rDNA region, and gene expression increased in the ∆sir2 strain. CONCLUSION We concluded that S. cerevisiae has two modes of Sir2-mediated gene silencing: one is dependent on chromatin binding and spreading of Sir2, and the other is independent of spreading of Sir2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soojin Yeom
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondeahak-gil, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsoo Oh
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondeahak-gil, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Shin Lee
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondeahak-gil, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Ryzhova TA, Sopova JV, Zadorsky SP, Siniukova VA, Sergeeva AV, Galkina SA, Nizhnikov AA, Shenfeld AA, Volkov KV, Galkin AP. Screening for amyloid proteins in the yeast proteome. Curr Genet 2017; 64:469-478. [PMID: 29027580 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-017-0759-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The search for novel pathological and functional amyloids represents one of the most important tasks of contemporary biomedicine. Formation of pathological amyloid fibrils in the aging brain causes incurable neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's Huntington's diseases. At the same time, a set of amyloids regulates vital processes in archaea, prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Our knowledge of the prevalence and biological significance of amyloids is limited due to the lack of universal methods for their identification. Here, using our original method of proteomic screening PSIA-LC-MALDI, we identified a number of proteins that form amyloid-like detergent-resistant aggregates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We revealed in yeast strains of different origin known yeast prions, prion-associated proteins, and a set of proteins whose amyloid properties were not shown before. A substantial number of the identified proteins are cell wall components, suggesting that amyloids may play important roles in the formation of this extracellular protective sheath. Two proteins identified in our screen, Gas1 and Ygp1, involved in biogenesis of the yeast cell wall, were selected for detailed analysis of amyloid properties. We show that Gas1 and Ygp1 demonstrate amyloid properties both in vivo in yeast cells and using the bacteria-based system C-DAG. Taken together, our data show that this proteomic approach is very useful for identification of novel amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana A Ryzhova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Julia V Sopova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey P Zadorsky
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Vera A Siniukova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksandra V Sergeeva
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A Galkina
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anton A Nizhnikov
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Podbelskogo sh., 3, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196608, Russian Federation
| | - Aleksandr A Shenfeld
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill V Volkov
- Research Park, Research Resource Center "Molecular and Cell Technologies", St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey P Galkin
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation. .,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
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