1
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Nayak KH, Jijin RK, Sreelekha MK, Babu BP. Copper-catalyzed aerobic annulation of hydrazones with dienones: an efficient route to pyrazole-linked hybrid molecules. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:6631-6637. [PMID: 39104204 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00825a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed aerobic [3 + 2] annulation reaction to access various pyrazole-bound chalcones starting from readily available and cost-effective hydrazones and dienones is reported. These pyrazole-bound chalcones were further utilized effectively to prepare a series of pyrazole-linked hybrid molecules, such as pyrazole-pyrazoline, pyrazole-aziridine, and pyrazole-pyridine hybrids by efficient simple transformations. Synthetically challenging hybrid molecules were obtained in a simple, two-step process with high atom economy under aerobic copper catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalinga H Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, India.
| | - Robert K Jijin
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, India.
| | - Mariswamy K Sreelekha
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, India.
| | - Beneesh P Babu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, India.
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2
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Maurya JP, Ramasastry SSV. Interrupted Corey-Chaykovsky Reaction of Tethered Bis-Enones to Access 2,3-Epoxy-hexahydrofluoren-9-ones. Org Lett 2024; 26:4571-4575. [PMID: 38759229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The Corey-Chaykovsky reaction is usually employed to synthesize cyclopropanes from activated olefins. We intercepted the intermediates prevailing during this transformation and diverted the process for the creation of intricate molecular motifs. We describe an unusual skeletal remodelling of tethered bis-enones to 2,3-epoxy-hexahydrofluoren-9-ones via an "interrupted Corey-Chaykovsky reaction". The strategy rationally merges the nucleophilic features of sulfur ylides with electronically biased olefins to achieve the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of several new classes of hydrofluorenones. We have demonstrated the synthetic utility of the products in accessing several highly functionalized molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Maurya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81 S A S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140 306, India
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector 81 S A S Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab 140 306, India
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3
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Badawi WA, Samir M, Fathy HM, Okda TM, Noureldin MH, Atwa GMK, AboulWafa OM. Design, synthesis and molecular docking study of new pyrimidine-based hydrazones with selective anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106610. [PMID: 37210828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Efforts were directed on the design, synthesis and evaluation of the anticancer activity of some pyrimidine-based hydrazones against two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Preliminary screening results revealed that some candidates scrutinized for their antiproliferative activities exhibited IC50 values of 0.87 μM-12.91 μM in MCF-7 and 1.75 μM-9.46 μM in MDA-MB-231 cells, indicating almost equal activities on both cell lines and better growth inhibition activities than those of the positive control 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) which displayed IC50 values of 17.02 μM and 11.73 μM respectively. Selectivity of the significantly active compounds was estimated against MCF-10A normal breast cells when compounds 7c, 8b, 9a and 10b exhibited superior activity for cancerous cells than for normal cells when compound 10b presented the best selectivity Index (SI) with respect to both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells in comparison to the reference drug 5-FU. Mechanisms of their actions were explored by inspecting activation of caspase-9, annexin V staining and cell cycle analysis. It was noticed that compounds 7c, 8b, 8c 9a-c and 10b produced an increase in caspase-9 levels in MCF-7 treated cells with 10b inducing the highest elevation (27.13 ± 0.54 ng/mL) attaining 8.26-fold when compared to control MCF-7 which was higher than that of staurosporine (19.011 ± 0.40 ng/mL). The same compounds boosted caspase-9 levels in MDA-MB-231 treated cells when an increase in caspase-9 concentration reaching 20.40 ± 0.46 ng/mL (4.11-fold increase) was observed for compound 9a. We also investigated the role of these compounds for their increasing apoptosis ability against the 2 cell lines. Compounds 7c, 8b and 10b tested on MCF-7 cells displayed pre-G1 apoptosis and arrested cell cycle in particular at the S and G1 phases. Further clarification of their effects was made by modulating their related activities as inhibitors of ARO and EGFR enzymes when 8c and 9b showed 52.4% and 58.9% inhibition activity relative to letrozole respectively and 9b and 10b showed 36% and 39% inhibition activity of erlotinib. Also, the inhibition activity was verified by docking into the chosen enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed A Badawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Samir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hazem M Fathy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch 71524, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Okda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Noureldin
- Department of Biochemistry, Division of Clinical and Biological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria P. O. Box 1029, Egypt
| | - Gamal M K Atwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42515, Egypt
| | - Omaima M AboulWafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21215, Egypt
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4
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da Silva TS, da Silva Souza M, Andricopulo AD, Coelho F. Discovery of indolizine lactones as anticancer agents and their optimization through late-stage functionalization. RSC Adv 2023; 13:20264-20270. [PMID: 37416908 PMCID: PMC10321224 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03395c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Indolizines fused with a seven-member lactone ring were identified as a promising scaffold in the search for new anticancer agents. Through a modular synthetic sequence, a library of cis and trans indolizines lactones had their antiproliferative activity evaluated against hormone-refractory prostate DU-145 and triple-negative breast MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. A methoxylated analogue was identified as an initial hit against MDA-MB-231 and late-stage functionalization of the indolizine core led to analogues within potencies up to twenty times higher than the parent precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Sabino da Silva
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Natural Products and Drugs, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas Rua Monteiro Lobato, S/N, 13083-970, Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Matheus da Silva Souza
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Physics of Sao Carlos, University of Sao Paulo - Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100-13563-120 - Sao Carlos SP Brazil
| | - Adriano Defini Andricopulo
- Laboratory of Medicinal and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Physics of Sao Carlos, University of Sao Paulo - Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100-13563-120 - Sao Carlos SP Brazil
| | - Fernando Coelho
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Natural Products and Drugs, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas Rua Monteiro Lobato, S/N, 13083-970, Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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5
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Singh B, Ansari AJ, Malik N, Ramasastry SSV. An interrupted Corey-Chaykovsky reaction of designed azaarenium salts: synthesis of complex polycyclic spiro- and fused cyclopropanoids. Chem Sci 2023; 14:6963-6969. [PMID: 37389246 PMCID: PMC10306106 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01578e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous dearomatizing spirannulation of pyridinium salts is still in its infancy. Here, we present an organized skeletal remodeling of designed pyridinium salts by utilizing an interrupted Corey-Chaykovsky reaction to access unprecedented and structurally intriguing molecular architectures such as the vicinal bis-spirocyclic indanones and spirannulated benzocycloheptanones. This hybrid strategy rationally merges the nucleophilic features of sulfur ylides with the electrophilic pyridinium salts to achieve the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of new classes of cyclopropanoids. The plausible mechanistic pathways were derived from experimental results and control experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bara Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar Punjab 140306 India https://web.iisermohali.ac.in/faculty/sastry/
| | - Arshad J Ansari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar Punjab 140306 India https://web.iisermohali.ac.in/faculty/sastry/
| | - Nirmal Malik
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar Punjab 140306 India https://web.iisermohali.ac.in/faculty/sastry/
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali Sector 81, Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar Punjab 140306 India https://web.iisermohali.ac.in/faculty/sastry/
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6
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Badreddin Musatat A, Kılıçcıoğlu İ, Kurman Y, Dülger G, Alpay M, Yağcı R, Atahan A, Durmuş S. Antimicrobial, Antiproliferative Effects and Docking Studies of Methoxy Group Enriched Coumarin-Chalcone Hybrids. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200973. [PMID: 36691991 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Methoxy group enriched eight coumarin-chalcone hybrid derivatives were synthesized. Antimicrobial/ antiproliferative activities were tested against eight human pathogenic microorganisms and four cancer cell lines (AGS, HepG2, MCF-7 and PC-3), respectively. Antimicrobial results showed that most of the compounds were almost more active than used standard antibiotics. Cytotoxicity results showed that 2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl and thiophene containing structures have promising antiproliferative effects against AGS gastric cell lines with ∼5 μg/ml IC50 values. At the same time, 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl bearing derivative exhibited the lowest IC50 values against HepG2 (∼10 μg/ml) and PC-3 (∼5 μg/ml) cell lines. Particularly, the cell viabilities of MCF-7 cell lines were remarkably inhibited by all the compounds with lower IC50 values. Therefore, molecular docking studies between hybrid ligands and quinone reductase-2 enzyme (regulates in MCF-7 cancer cells) were performed. The results demonstrated that all the derivatives can smoothly interact with interested enzyme in agreement with the experimental results. Finally, ADME parameters were studied to reveal drug-likeness potentials of the coumarin-chalcone hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Badreddin Musatat
- Department of Chemistry, Düzce University, Faculty of Art & Sciences, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye
- Department of Chemistry, Sakarya University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, 54187, Sakarya, Türkiye
| | - İlker Kılıçcıoğlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Düzce University, Faculty of Medicine, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye
| | - Yener Kurman
- Department of Medical Biology, Düzce University, Faculty of Medicine, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye
| | - Görkem Dülger
- Department of Medical Biology, Düzce University, Faculty of Medicine, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye
| | - Merve Alpay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Düzce University, Faculty of Medicine, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye
| | - Ravza Yağcı
- Department of Chemistry, Düzce University, Faculty of Art & Sciences, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye
| | - Alparslan Atahan
- Department of Chemistry, Düzce University, Faculty of Art & Sciences, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye
| | - Sefa Durmuş
- Department of Chemistry, Düzce University, Faculty of Art & Sciences, 81620, Düzce, Türkiye
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7
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Shirani MA, Maleki MH, Asadi P, Dinari M. Benzothiazolopyridine compounds: Facial synthesis, characterization, and molecular docking study on estrogen and progesterone receptors. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Sharma P, Pandey V, Sharma MMM, Patra A, Singh B, Mehta S, Husen A. A Review on Biosensors and Nanosensors Application in Agroecosystems. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2021; 16:136. [PMID: 34460019 PMCID: PMC8405745 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-021-03593-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Previous decades have witnessed a lot of challenges that have provoked a dire need of ensuring global food security. The process of augmenting food production has made the agricultural ecosystems to face a lot of challenges like the persistence of residual particles of different pesticides, accretion of heavy metals, and contamination with toxic elemental particles which have negatively influenced the agricultural environment. The entry of such toxic elements into the human body via agricultural products engenders numerous health effects such as nerve and bone marrow disorders, metabolic disorders, infertility, disruption of biological functions at the cellular level, and respiratory and immunological diseases. The exigency for monitoring the agroecosystems can be appreciated by contemplating the reported 220,000 annual deaths due to toxic effects of residual pesticidal particles. The present practices employed for monitoring agroecosystems rely on techniques like gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectroscopy, etc. which have multiple constraints, being expensive, tedious with cumbersome protocol, demanding sophisticated appliances along with skilled personnel. The past couple of decades have witnessed a great expansion of the science of nanotechnology and this development has largely facilitated the development of modest, quick, and economically viable bio and nanosensors for detecting different entities contaminating the natural agroecosystems with an advantage of being innocuous to human health. The growth of nanotechnology has offered rapid development of bio and nanosensors for the detection of several composites which range from several metal ions, proteins, pesticides, to the detection of complete microorganisms. Therefore, the present review focuses on different bio and nanosensors employed for monitoring agricultural ecosystems and also trying to highlight the factor affecting their implementation from proof-of-concept to the commercialization stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125004 India
| | - Vimal Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Mayur Mukut Murlidhar Sharma
- Department of Agriculture and Life Industry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Anupam Patra
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Baljinder Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Sahil Mehta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Azamal Husen
- Wolaita Sodo University, P.O. Box: 138, Wolaita, Ethiopia
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9
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Asressu KH, Chan CK, Wang CC. TMSOTf-catalyzed synthesis of trisubstituted imidazoles using hexamethyldisilazane as a nitrogen source under neat and microwave irradiation conditions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:28061-28071. [PMID: 35480777 PMCID: PMC9039414 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05802a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the process of drug discovery and development, an efficient and expedient synthetic method for imidazole-based small molecules from commercially available and cheap starting materials has great significance. Herein, we developed a TMSOTf-catalyzed synthesis of trisubstituted imidazoles through the reaction of 1,2-diketones and aldehydes using hexamethyldisilazane as a nitrogen source under microwave heating and solvent-free conditions. The chemical structures of representative trisubstituted imidazoles were confirmed using X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. This synthetic method has several advantages including the involvement of mild Lewis acid, being metal- and additive-free, wide substrate scope with good to excellent yields and short reaction time. Furthermore, we demonstrate the application of the methodology in the synthesis of biologically active imidazole-based drugs. Trisubstituted imidazoles are synthesized efficiently from the readily available 1,2-diketones and aldehydes using hexamethyldisilazane as a new and stable nitrogen source under TMSOTf-catalysis system, microwave heating and solvent-free conditions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chieh-Kai Chan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan
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10
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Gerry CJ, Schreiber SL. Recent achievements and current trajectories of diversity-oriented synthesis. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 56:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Zheng W, Zeng L, Chen Y. Bioorthogonal Reactions Amplify Magnetic Nanoparticles Binding and Assembly for Ultrasensitive Magnetic Resonance Sensing. Anal Chem 2020; 92:2787-2793. [PMID: 31934754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Conventional transverse relaxation time (T2)-mediated magnetic resonance sensors (MRS) that utilizing the target-induces state change of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) mainly suffer from low sensitivity. Recent T2-MRS that based on target-induced amount change of MNPs can achieve a higher sensitivity, but these sensors can hardly accommodate small molecules. We herein develop an ultrasensitive T2-MRS that enable the detection of small molecules based on cascade bioorthogonal reactions (BRs)-realized MNPs binding and assembly. Benefiting from rapid and highly selective cascade BRs, a single small molecule target can not only increase MNPs binding but also assembly MNPs, which greatly amplifies T2 signal for sensing based on both the state and amount change of MNPs for the first time. Our strategy is capable of sensing chlorpyrifos with a liner range of 0.1 ng/mL to 1000 ng/mL. We justify the practicability of our assay by detecting chlorpyrifos in apple and cabbage samples, whose accuracy is higher than that of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Our assay provides a cascade BRs-mediated MRS that can greatly broaden the use of T2-based MRS for ultrasensitive sensing trace small molecules in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshu Zheng
- National Center for NanoScience and Technology , 11 Beiyitiao , ZhongGuanCun , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Lingwen Zeng
- School of Food Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan 528000 , China.,Institute of Environment and Safety , Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science , Wuhan 430207 , P. R. China
| | - Yiping Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering , Foshan University , Foshan 528000 , China.,College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , Hubei China
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12
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Kang C, Keller TH. Probing biological mechanisms with chemical tools. Pharmacol Res 2020; 153:104656. [PMID: 31962154 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Traditionally small molecules have mainly been used to inhibit biochemical activities of proteins, however such compounds can also be used to change the conformational energy landscape of proteins. Tool compounds that modulate protein conformations often reveal unexpected biological mechanisms, which have therapeutic potential. We discuss two examples where screening hits were found to bind to unexpected binding pockets on well known proteins, establishing new routes for the inhibition of proteins that were thought to be undruggable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congbao Kang
- Experimental Drug Development Centre (EDDC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 10 Biopolis Road, Chromos, #05-01, 138670, Singapore
| | - Thomas H Keller
- Experimental Drug Development Centre (EDDC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 10 Biopolis Road, Chromos, #05-01, 138670, Singapore.
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13
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Wu YK, Rawal VH. Rapid construction of tetrahydropyridine scaffolds via formal imino Diels-Alder reactions of Schiff bases and Nazarov reagents. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8827-8831. [PMID: 31553010 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01880h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Described is a one-flask, two-step method for the synthesis of highly functionalized piperidines. The process involves formal [4 + 2] cycloadditions of Schiff bases and Nazarov reagents, followed by facile elaborations of the initial cycloadducts. Notably, these aza-annulations are facilitated by protic solvents and proceed smoothly under ambient conditions, without other additives. The synthetic utility of this annulation protocol is further showcased through a concise, convergent synthesis of (±)-tetrabenazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ku Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.
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14
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de Toledo I, Grigolo TA, Bennett JM, Elkins JM, Pilli RA. Modular Synthesis of Di- and Trisubstituted Imidazoles from Ketones and Aldehydes: A Route to Kinase Inhibitors. J Org Chem 2019; 84:14187-14201. [PMID: 31460764 PMCID: PMC6829625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A one-pot and modular approach to
the synthesis of 2,4(5)-disubstituted
imidazoles was developed based on ketone oxidation, employing catalytic
HBr and DMSO, followed by imidazole condensation with aldehydes. This
methodology afforded twenty-nine disubstituted NH-imidazoles (23%–85% yield). A three-step synthesis of 20
kinase inhibitors was achieved by employing this oxidation–condensation
protocol, followed by bromination and Suzuki coupling in the imidazole
ring to yield trisubstituted NH-imidazoles (23%–69%,
three steps). This approach was also employed in the synthesis of
known inhibitor GSK3037619A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian de Toledo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry , University of Campinas, UNICAMP , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-970 , Brazil
| | - Thiago A Grigolo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry , University of Campinas, UNICAMP , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-970 , Brazil
| | - James M Bennett
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Medicine , University of Oxford , Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive , Oxford OX3 7DQ , United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Elkins
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Medicine , University of Oxford , Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive , Oxford OX3 7DQ , United Kingdom.,Structural Genomics Consortium, Departamento de Genética e Evolução , Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-886 , Brazil
| | - Ronaldo A Pilli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry , University of Campinas, UNICAMP , Campinas , São Paulo 13083-970 , Brazil
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15
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Vishvakarma VK, Singh P, Kumar V, Kumari K, Patel R, Chandra R. Pyrrolothiazolones as Potential Inhibitors for the nsP2B‐nsP3 Protease of Dengue Virus and Their Mechanism of Synthesis. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar Vishvakarma
- Department of ChemistryA.R.S.D. CollegeUniversity of Delhi, Delhi India
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Delhi, Delhi India
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of ChemistryA.R.S.D. CollegeUniversity of Delhi, Delhi India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of ChemistryKirori Mal College, University of Delhi India
| | - Kamlesh Kumari
- Department of ZoologyDDU College, University of Delhi, Delhi India
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16
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A Useful Synthesis of 2-Acylamino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles from Acylthiosemicarbazides Using Potassium Iodate and the Discovery of New Antibacterial Compounds. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081490. [PMID: 30988267 PMCID: PMC6515089 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A useful method for the synthesis of 2-acylamino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles was developed. By using potassium iodate as an oxidant in water at 60 °C, a wide range of 2-acylamino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles were afforded in moderate to excellent yields within two hours. This method could provide a facile shortcut to generate a series of 2-acylamino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles in medicinal chemistry. Interestingly, some highly potent antibiotic compounds were found through this synthetic method, and some of them displayed a significant improvement in activity compared with the corresponding 1,4-diacylthiosemicarbazides. Compound 2n was the most active against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 1.56 mg/mL, and compounds 2m and 2q were the most active against Bacillus subtilis with MIC of 0.78 mg/mL. The preliminary cytotoxic activities of the most potent compounds 2m, 2n, and 2q against the androgen-independent (PC-3) prostate cancer cell line were more than 30 μM (IC50 > 30 μM).
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Mishra UK, Patel K, Ramasastry SSV. Synthesis of Cyclopropanoids via Substrate-Based Cyclization Pathways. Org Lett 2019; 21:175-179. [PMID: 30543443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of unexpected reactions triggered by the dimethyloxosulfonium methylide led to the discovery of unconventional approaches for the synthesis of cyclopropa-fused tetralones and indeno-spirocyclopropanes. These highly functionalized structures were further elaborated in one step to privileged scaffolds such as tetralones, indenones, and fluorenones. As a whole, the results presented herein establish new diversity-oriented folding pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam K Mishra
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector 81 , Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306 , India
| | - Kaushalendra Patel
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector 81 , Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306 , India
| | - S S V Ramasastry
- Organic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali , Sector 81 , Manauli PO, S. A. S. Nagar, Punjab 140306 , India
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18
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Ansari AJ, Pathare RS, Kumawat A, Maurya AK, Verma S, Agnihotri VK, Joshi R, Metre RK, Sharon A, Pardasani RT, Sawant DM. A diversity-oriented synthesis of polyheterocycles via the cyclocondensation of azomethine imine. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02874a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pd-Catalyzed sequential reactions to afford skeletally diverse molecules are described.
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Pazhanivel L, Gnanasambandam V. Design and synthesis of benzothiazole/thiophene-4 H-chromene hybrids. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41675-41680. [PMID: 35558789 PMCID: PMC9091940 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08262f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A library of 4H-chromene derivatives with heterocyclic substituent's at the 3 and 4-positions was synthesized in a convenient DBU catalysed three component synthesis between salicylaldehyde, acetonitrile derivatives and thiazolidinedione to afford 2-amino-3-benzothiazole-4-heterocycle-4H-chromenes and 2-amino-3-thiophenoyl-4-heterocycle-4H-chromenes derivatives in ethanol and a mixture of ethanol and water (1 : 1) at room temperature. The significance of this protocol is the feasibility of incorporating substituents simultaneously at the 3 and 4 positions of 4H-chromenes in an efficient three component reaction.
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20
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Davis DC, Hoch DG, Wu L, Abegg D, Martin BS, Zhang ZY, Adibekian A, Dai M. Total Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Target Identification of Rare Abies Sesquiterpenoids. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17465-17473. [PMID: 30461272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abiespiroside A (1), beshanzuenone C (2), and beshanzuenone D (3) belong to the Abies sesquiterpenoid family. Beshanzuenones C (2) and D (3) are isolated from the critically endangered Chinese fir tree species Abies beshanzuensis and demonstrated weak inhibiting activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). We describe herein the first total syntheses of these Abies sesquiterpenoids relying on the sustainable and inexpensive chiral pool molecule (+)-carvone. The syntheses feature a palladium-catalyzed hydrocarbonylative lactonization to install the 6,6-fused bicyclic ring system and a Dreiding-Schmidt reaction to build the oxaspirolactone moiety of these target molecules. Our chemical total syntheses of these Abies sesquiterpenoids have enabled (i) the validation of beshanzuenone C's weak PTP1B inhibiting potency, (ii) identification of new synthetic analogs with promising and selective protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 inhibiting potency, and (iii) preparation of azide-tagged probe molecules for target identification via a chemoproteomic approach. The latter has resulted in the identification and evaluation of DNA polymerase epsilon subunit 3 (POLE3) as one of the novel cellular targets of these Abies sesquiterpenoids and their analogs. More importantly, via POLE3 inactivation by probe molecule 29 and knockdown experiment, we further demonstrated that targeting POLE3 with small molecules may be a novel strategy for chemosensitization to DNA damaging drugs such as etoposide in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexter C Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research and Institute for Drug Discovery , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Dominic G Hoch
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 130 Scripps Way , Jupiter , Florida 33458 , United States
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Daniel Abegg
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 130 Scripps Way , Jupiter , Florida 33458 , United States
| | - Brandon S Martin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research and Institute for Drug Discovery , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research and Institute for Drug Discovery , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
| | - Alexander Adibekian
- Department of Chemistry , The Scripps Research Institute , 130 Scripps Way , Jupiter , Florida 33458 , United States
| | - Mingji Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Cancer Research and Institute for Drug Discovery , Purdue University , West Lafayette , Indiana 47907 , United States
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kumar
- Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare PhysiologieAbteilung Chemische Biologie Otto-Hahn Str. 11 44227- Dortmund Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare PhysiologieAbteilung Chemische Biologie Otto-Hahn Str. 11 44227- Dortmund Germany
- Technische Universität DortmundFakultät Chemie, Chemische Biologie Otto-Hahn-Straße 6 Dortmund 44221 Germany
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22
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Konrádová D, Bon DJYD, Pospíšil J. 1-(Phenylsulfonyl)-3-oxabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one as a Building Block in Organic Synthesis. J Org Chem 2018; 83:12229-12238. [PMID: 30188126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The transformation of the readily available phenylsulfonyl lactone building block to structurally diverse molecular scaffolds is described. Depicted structures are accessed in one to three steps, and their overall yields are high. The rigidity of the starting building block greatly directs the stereoselectivity of the transformations, and newly generated stereogenic centers including the quaternary carbon centers are formed with high stereoselectivity generally superior to dr > 95:1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Konrádová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators , Palacky University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR , Šlechtitelů 27 , CZ-783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - David Jean-Yves Denis Bon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacky University , tř. 17. listopadu 1192/12 , CZ-771 46 Olomouc , Czech republic
| | - Jiří Pospíšil
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators , Palacky University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR , Šlechtitelů 27 , CZ-783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacky University , tř. 17. listopadu 1192/12 , CZ-771 46 Olomouc , Czech republic
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23
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Gade NR, Iqbal J. Natural Product Inspired Topology Directed Synthesis of Hybrid Macrocyclic Compounds: A Simple Approach to Natural Product Analogues. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201801117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narendar Reddy Gade
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli; Hyderabad - 500046, Telangana India
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering; Virginia Commonwealth University, Biotech Eight; Richmond, VA 23219 USA
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Gachibowli; Hyderabad - 500046, Telangana India
- Cosmic Discoveries Private Ltd. MaRS Discovery District; 101 College Street Toronto M5G 0B7 Canada
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24
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Chamakuri S, Jain P, Reddy Guduru SK, Arney JW, MacKenzie KR, Santini C, Young DW. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 6-Substituted-Piperazine-2-Acetic Acid Esters as Intermediates for Library Production. J Org Chem 2018; 83:6541-6555. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - J. Winston Arney
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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25
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Gerry CJ, Schreiber SL. Chemical probes and drug leads from advances in synthetic planning and methodology. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2018; 17:333-352. [PMID: 29651105 PMCID: PMC6707071 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2018.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Screening of small-molecule libraries is a productive method for identifying both chemical probes of disease-related targets and potential starting points for drug discovery. In this article, we focus on strategies such as diversity-oriented synthesis that aim to explore novel areas of chemical space efficiently by populating small-molecule libraries with compounds containing structural features that are typically under-represented in commercially available screening collections. Drawing from more than a decade's worth of examples, we highlight how the design and synthesis of such libraries have been enabled by modern synthetic chemistry, and we illustrate the impact of the resultant chemical probes and drug leads in a wide range of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Gerry
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stuart L Schreiber
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Broad Institute of Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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26
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Sankar MG, Roy S, Tran TTN, Wittstein K, Bauer JO, Strohmann C, Ziegler S, Kumar K. Scaffold Diversity Synthesis Delivers Complex, Structurally, and Functionally Distinct Tetracyclic Benzopyrones. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:302-309. [PMID: 29721402 PMCID: PMC5917230 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexity-generating chemical transformations that afford novel molecular scaffolds enriched in sp3 character are highly desired. Here, we present a highly stereoselective scaffold diversity synthesis approach that utilizes cascade double-annulation reactions of diverse pairs of zwitterionic and non-zwitterionic partners with 3-formylchromones to generate highly complex tetracyclic benzopyrones. Each pair of annulation partners adds to the common chroman-4-one scaffold to build two new rings, supporting up to four contiguous chiral centers that include an all-carbon quaternary center. Differently ring-fused benzopyrones display different biological activities, thus demonstrating their immense potential in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumar G. Sankar
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Sayantani Roy
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Tuyen Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Kathrin Wittstein
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Jonathan O. Bauer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
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Ishoey M, Petersen RG, Petersen MÅ, Wu P, Clausen MH, Nielsen TE. Diastereoselective synthesis of novel heterocyclic scaffolds through tandem Petasis 3-component/intramolecular Diels-Alder and ROM-RCM reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:9410-9413. [PMID: 28714998 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02948a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A high-yielding, stereoselective and extraordinarily complexity-generating Petasis 3-component/intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction has been developed. In combination with ROM-RCM, rapid access to complex sp3-rich heterocyclic scaffolds amenable to subsequent functionalization and library synthesis is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Ishoey
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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28
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Early Probe and Drug Discovery in Academia: A Minireview. High Throughput 2018; 7:ht7010004. [PMID: 29485615 PMCID: PMC5876530 DOI: 10.3390/ht7010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug discovery encompasses processes ranging from target selection and validation to the selection of a development candidate. While comprehensive drug discovery work flows are implemented predominantly in the big pharma domain, early discovery focus in academia serves to identify probe molecules that can serve as tools to study targets or pathways. Despite differences in the ultimate goals of the private and academic sectors, the same basic principles define the best practices in early discovery research. A successful early discovery program is built on strong target definition and validation using a diverse set of biochemical and cell-based assays with functional relevance to the biological system being studied. The chemicals identified as hits undergo extensive scaffold optimization and are characterized for their target specificity and off-target effects in in vitro and in animal models. While the active compounds from screening campaigns pass through highly stringent chemical and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) filters for lead identification, the probe discovery involves limited medicinal chemistry optimization. The goal of probe discovery is identification of a compound with sub-µM activity and reasonable selectivity in the context of the target being studied. The compounds identified from probe discovery can also serve as starting scaffolds for lead optimization studies.
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29
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Kumar K, Jaiswal MK, Singh RP. Asymmetric Vinylogous Aldol Reaction ofα-ketoesters with 3-alkylidene oxindoles. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas; New Delhi - 110 016 India
| | - Manish K. Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas; New Delhi - 110 016 India
| | - Ravi P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Hauz Khas; New Delhi - 110 016 India
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30
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Sharifnia T, Hong AL, Painter CA, Boehm JS. Emerging Opportunities for Target Discovery in Rare Cancers. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:1075-1091. [PMID: 28938087 PMCID: PMC5857178 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rare cancers pose unique challenges to research due to their low incidence. Barriers include a scarcity of tissue and experimental models to enable basic research and insufficient patient accrual for clinical studies. Consequently, an understanding of the genetic and cellular features of many rare cancer types and their associated vulnerabilities has been lacking. However, new opportunities are emerging to facilitate discovery of therapeutic targets in rare cancers. Online platforms are allowing patients with rare cancers to organize on an unprecedented scale, tumor genome sequencing is now routinely performed in research and clinical settings, and the efficiency of patient-derived model generation has improved. New CRISPR/Cas9 and small-molecule libraries permit cancer dependency discovery in a rapid and systematic fashion. In parallel, large-scale studies of common cancers now provide reference datasets to help interpret rare cancer profiling data. Together, these advances motivate consideration of new research frameworks to accelerate rare cancer target discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaz Sharifnia
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Andrew L Hong
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Jesse S Boehm
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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31
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32
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Schreiber SL. Chemical Biology Towards Precision Medicine. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201600137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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33
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Synthesis and Experimental Validation of New Designed Heterocyclic Compounds with Antiproliferative Activity versus Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. J CHEM-NY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/9729284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent drug discovery efforts are highly focused towards identification, design, and synthesis of small molecules as anticancer agents. With this aim, we recently designed and synthesized novel compounds with high efficacy and specificity for the treatment of breast tumors. Based on the obtained results, we constructed a Volsurf+ (VS+) model using a dataset of 59 compounds able to predict the in vitro antitumor activity against MCF-7 cancer cell line for new derivatives. In the present paper, in order to further verify the robustness of this model, we report the results of the projection of more than 150 known molecules and 9 newly synthesized compounds. We predict their activity versus MCF-7 cell line and experimentally verify the in silico results for some promising chosen molecules in two human breast cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231.
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Shard A, Rawat K, Sinha AK, Padwad Y, Kumar D. Divergent Synthesis of Styryl-Cinnamate Hybrid Analogues Inspired by the Natural Product Salvianolic Acid F as a Premise To Investigate Their Anticancer Activity and Its Metabolomic Profiling. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Shard
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division; CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology; 176061 (H.P.) Palampur India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
| | - Kiran Rawat
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Food and Nutraceuticals Division; Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab; CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology; 176061 (H.P.) Palampur India
| | - Arun K. Sinha
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division; CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology; 176061 (H.P.) Palampur India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry; CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute; 226031 (U.P.) Lucknow India
| | - Yogendra Padwad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi India
- Food and Nutraceuticals Division; Pharmacology and Toxicology Lab; CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology; 176061 (H.P.) Palampur India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division; CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology; 176061 (H.P.) Palampur India
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35
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Bansode AH, Chimala P, Patil NT. Catalytic Branching Cascades in Diversity Oriented Synthesis. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash H. Bansode
- Division of Organic Chemistry; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune - 411 008 India
| | - Prathyusha Chimala
- Division of Organic Chemistry; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune - 411 008 India
| | - Nitin T. Patil
- Division of Organic Chemistry; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road Pune - 411 008 India
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Garcia-Castro M, Zimmermann S, Sankar MG, Kumar K. Gerüstdiversitätsbasierte Synthese und ihre Anwendung bei der Sonden- und Wirkstoffsuche. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Garcia-Castro
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Muthukumar G. Sankar
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Abteilung Chemische Biologie; Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie; Otto-Hahn-Straße 11 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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Garcia-Castro M, Zimmermann S, Sankar MG, Kumar K. Scaffold Diversity Synthesis and Its Application in Probe and Drug Discovery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:7586-605. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Garcia-Castro
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Muthukumar G. Sankar
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Department of Chemical Biology; Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology; Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 44227 Dortmund Germany
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38
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Zhao YH, Li Y, Guo T, Tang Z, Xie W, Zhao G. Selective synthesis of pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoquinolines via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tejedor D, López-Tosco S, Méndez-Abt G, Cotos L, García-Tellado F. Propargyl Vinyl Ethers and Tertiary Skipped Diynes: Two Pluripotent Molecular Platforms for Diversity-Oriented Synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:703-13. [PMID: 27050293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
During the last years, we have been involved in the development of a diversity-oriented synthetic strategy aimed at transforming simple, linear, and densely functionalized molecular platforms into collections of topologically diverse scaffolds incorporating biologically relevant structural motifs such as N- and O- heterocycles, multifunctionalized aromatic rings, fused macrocycles, etc. The strategy merges the concepts of pluripotency (the property of an array of chemical functionalities to express different chemical outcomes under different chemical environments) and domino chemistry (chemistry based on processes involving two or more bond-forming transformations that take place while the initial reaction conditions are maintained, with the subsequent reaction resulting as a consequence of the functionality installed in the previous one) to transform common multifunctional substrates into complex and diverse molecular frameworks. This design concept constitutes the ethos of the so-called branching cascade strategy, a branch of diversity-oriented synthesis focused on scaffold diversity generation. Two pluripotent molecular platforms have been extensively studied under this merging (branching) paradigm: C4-O-C3 propargyl vinyl ethers (PVEs) and C7 tertiary skipped diynes (TSDs). These are conveniently constructed from simple and commercially available raw materials (alkyl propiolates, ketones, aldehydes, acid chlorides) through multicomponent manifolds (ABB' three-component reaction for PVEs; A2BB' four-component reaction for TSDs) or a simple two-step procedure (for PVEs). Their modular origin facilitates their structural/functional diversification without increasing the number of synthetic steps for their assembly. These two pluripotent molecular platforms accommodate a well-defined and dense array of through-bond/through-space interrelated functionalities on their structures, which defines their primary reactivity principles and establishes the reactivity profile. The PVEs are defined by the presence of an alkyne (alkynoate) function and a conjugated enol moiety and their mutual through-bond/through-space connectivity. This functional array accommodates a number of domino reactions launched either by a Michael addition on the alkynoate moiety (conjugated alkynes) or by a [3,3]-propargyl Claisen rearrangement (conjugated and nonconjugated alkynes). The reactivity profile of the TSDs is defined by the two connected alkynoate moieties (Michael addition) and the bispropargylic ester group ([3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement). Using these first reactivity principles, each platform selectively delivers one unique and different skeleton (topology) from each domino transformation. Thus, through the use of 11 instrumentally simple and scalable domino reactions, we have transformed these two linear (rod-symmetric) pluripotent molecular platforms into 16 different scaffolds incorporating important structural motifs and multifunctional decorative patterns. The generated scaffolds entail carbocycles, heterocycles, aromatics, β,γ-unsaturated esters and acids, and fused polycycles. They can be transformed into more elaborated molecular skeletons by the use of chemical handles generated in their own domino reactions or by appending different functionalities to the pluripotent molecular platform (secondary reactivity principles).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Tejedor
- Department of Biological
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Sara López-Tosco
- Department of Biological
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Gabriela Méndez-Abt
- Department of Biological
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Leandro Cotos
- Department of Biological
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
| | - Fernando García-Tellado
- Department of Biological
Chemistry and Biotechnology, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 3, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
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40
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Metabolic Engineering for Production of Small Molecule Drugs: Challenges and Solutions. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation2010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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41
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Hu ZL, Cao C, Wang HF, Yan BY. Alkyl detection facilitated by a DNA conjugate with an α-hemolysin nanopore. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel α-hemolysin nanopore (α-HL) based strategy for the detection of an alkyl linker at the single-molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Li Hu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Department of Chemistry
- East China University of Sciences and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Chan Cao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Department of Chemistry
- East China University of Sciences and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Hui-Feng Wang
- East China University of Sciences and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
| | - Bing-Yong Yan
- School of Information Science and Engineering
- East China University of Sciences and Technology
- Shanghai
- P. R. China
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42
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Yokoshima S, Ishikawa M, Beniyama Y, Fukuyama T. Chemical Transformation of an Intermediate in the Synthesis of Huperzine A, Leading to a Diverse Array of Molecules. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:1528-1531. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Youko Beniyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University
| | - Tohru Fukuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University
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43
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References. Antibiotics (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.1128/9781555819316.refs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Maddirala AR, Andreana PR. Synthesis of 3-Substituted 2-Indolinones by a Multicomponent Coupling Isocyanide-Dependent Microwave-Assisted Intramolecular Transamidation Process. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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45
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Cimarelli C, Di Nicola M, Diomedi S, Giovannini R, Hamprecht D, Properzi R, Sorana F, Marcantoni E. An efficient one-pot two catalyst system in the construction of 2-substituted benzimidazoles: synthesis of benzimidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:11687-95. [PMID: 26477673 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01777g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The benzimidazole core is a common moiety in a large number of natural products and pharmacologically active small molecules. The synthesis of novel benzimidazole derivatives remains a main focus in medicinal research. In continuation of the efforts towards Ce(III) catalysts for organic transformations, we observed for the first time the activity of the iodide ion and copper cation in activating CeCl3·7H2O in the selective formation of prototypical 2-substituted benzimidazoles. The one-pot CeCl3·7H2O-CuI catalytic system procedure includes the cyclo-dehydrogenation of aniline Schiff's bases, generated in situ from the condensation of 1,2-phenylenediamine and aldehydes, followed by the oxidation with iodine, which works as a hydrogen sponge. Mild reaction conditions, good to excellent yields, and clean reactions make the procedure a useful contribution to the synthesis of biologically active fused heterocycles containing benzimidazoquinazolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cimarelli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
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Maity PK, Faisal S, Rolfe A, Stoianova D, Hanson PR. Silica-Supported Oligomeric Benzyl Phosphate (Si-OBP) and Triazole Phosphate (Si-OTP) Alkylating Reagents. J Org Chem 2015; 80:9942-50. [PMID: 26430955 PMCID: PMC4848109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of silica-supported oligomeric benzyl phosphates (Si-OBP(n)) and triazole phosphates (Si-OTP(n)) using ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) for use as efficient alkylating reagents is reported. Ease of synthesis and grafting onto the surface of norbornenyl-tagged (Nb-tagged) silica particles has been demonstrated for benzyl phosphate and triazole phosphate monomers. It is shown that these silica polymer hybrid reagents, Si-OBP(n) and Si-OTP(n), can be used to carry out alkylation reactions with an array of different nucleophiles to afford the corresponding benzylated and (triazolyl)methylated products in good yield and high purity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip K. Maity
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, KS 66045-7582, United States, and The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034-Becker Drive, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Saqib Faisal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, KS 66045-7582, United States, and The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034-Becker Drive, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Alan Rolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, KS 66045-7582, United States, and The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034-Becker Drive, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | | | - Paul R. Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, KS 66045-7582, United States, and The University of Kansas Center for Chemical Methodologies and Library Development (KU-CMLD), 2034-Becker Drive, Delbert M. Shankel Structural Biology Center, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
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Zhang X, Feng C, Jiang T, Li Y, Pan L, Xu X. Expedient and Divergent Tandem One-Pot Synthesis of Benz[e]indole and Spiro[indene-1,3′-pyrrole] Derivatives from Alkyne-Tethered Chalcones/Cinnamates and TosMIC. Org Lett 2015; 17:3576-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Chengjie Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Vascular Surgery, China−Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ling Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xianxiu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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Tsai YH, Essig S, James JR, Lang K, Chin JW. Selective, rapid and optically switchable regulation of protein function in live mammalian cells. Nat Chem 2015; 7:554-561. [PMID: 26100803 PMCID: PMC4673907 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The rapid and selective regulation of a target protein within living cells that contain closely related family members is an outstanding challenge. Here we introduce genetically directed bioorthogonal ligand tethering (BOLT) and demonstrate selective inhibition (iBOLT) of protein function. In iBOLT, inhibitor-conjugate/target protein pairs are created where the target protein contains a genetically encoded unnatural amino acid with bioorthogonal reactivity and the inhibitor conjugate contains a complementary bioorthogonal group. iBOLT enables the first rapid and specific inhibition of MEK isozymes, and introducing photoisomerizable linkers in the inhibitor conjugate enables reversible, optical regulation of protein activity (photo-BOLT) in live mammalian cells. We demonstrate that a pan kinase inhibitor conjugate allows selective and rapid inhibition of the lymphocyte specific kinase, indicating the modularity and scalability of BOLT. We anticipate that BOLT will enable the rapid and selective regulation of diverse proteins for which no selective small-molecule ligands exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsuan Tsai
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Sebastian Essig
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - John R. James
- Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Kathrin Lang
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Jason W. Chin
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
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Dahlin JL, Inglese J, Walters MA. Mitigating risk in academic preclinical drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2015; 14:279-94. [PMID: 25829283 PMCID: PMC6002840 DOI: 10.1038/nrd4578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The number of academic drug discovery centres has grown considerably in recent years, providing new opportunities to couple the curiosity-driven research culture in academia with rigorous preclinical drug discovery practices used in industry. To fully realize the potential of these opportunities, it is important that academic researchers understand the risks inherent in preclinical drug discovery, and that translational research programmes are effectively organized and supported at an institutional level. In this article, we discuss strategies to mitigate risks in several key aspects of preclinical drug discovery at academic drug discovery centres, including organization, target selection, assay design, medicinal chemistry and preclinical pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayme L Dahlin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - James Inglese
- 1] National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. [2] National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA
| | - Michael A Walters
- Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 717 Delaware St SE, Room 609, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, USA
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50
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Mfuh AM, Larionov OV. Heterocyclic N-Oxides - An Emerging Class of Therapeutic Agents. Curr Med Chem 2015; 22:2819-57. [PMID: 26087764 PMCID: PMC4711945 DOI: 10.2174/0929867322666150619104007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic N-oxides have emerged as potent compounds with anticancer, antibacterial, antihypertensive, antiparasitic, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, herbicidal, neuroprotective, and procognitive activities. The N-oxide motif has been successfully employed in a number of recent drug development projects. This review surveys the emergence of this scaffold in the mainstream medicinal chemistry with a focus on the discovery of the heterocyclic N-oxide drugs, N-oxide-specific mechanisms of action, drug-receptor interactions and synthetic avenues to these compounds. As the first review on this subject that covers the developments since 1950s to date, it is expected that it will inspire wider implementation of the heterocyclic N-oxide motif in the rational design of new medicinal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - O V Larionov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas, United States.
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